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Linux系統(tǒng)下安裝Mysql全過程(mysql.tar.gz)

更新時間：2026年03月16日 09:16:48 作者：灬奔跑的蝸牛灬

該文章詳細(xì)介紹了如何卸載、安裝和配置MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫,包括添加用戶組和用戶、修改配置文件、授權(quán)、啟動服務(wù)、添加開機(jī)啟動項目、解決亂碼問題等步驟

檢查是否已經(jīng)安裝了Mysql

rpm -qa|grep mysql

卸載Mysql

rpm -e --nodeps 程序名

上傳文件

mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

解壓文件，并將解壓后的文件重命名，移動到/usr/local/mysql

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql

添加一個Mysql 用戶組

groupadd mysql

添加一個用戶

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

創(chuàng)建文件夾用來存放數(shù)據(jù)
/usr/local/mysql/data

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data

進(jìn)入mysql包中，給這個包授權(quán) 給
mysql/usr/local/mysql

 chown -R mysql:mysql ./
 chown -R mysql:mysql data

進(jìn)入mysql文件名 basedir 為mysql 的路徑， datadir 為mysql的 data 包，里面存放著mysql自己的包

yum install -y libaio
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

進(jìn)入support-file 文件夾

cd support-files/

復(fù)制文件

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改basedir= 自己的路徑修改datadir= 自己的路徑

vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

啟動Mysql

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
//或者
service mysqld start

加入開機(jī)啟動項目

chkconfig --add mysqld
//查看開機(jī)啟動項
chkconfig --list

重啟Mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

./mysql -uroot -p 臨時密碼

發(fā)生錯誤

執(zhí)行：

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

修改密碼

set password= password('root');
//或者
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root'; 
//刷新權(quán)限
flush privileges;
//授權(quán)新用戶
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root1'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;

.配置全局環(huán)境變量

vi /etc/profile
//加入
PATH=/data/mysql/bin:/data/mysql/lib:$PATH
export PATH
//配置文件立即生效
source /etc/profile

解決數(shù)據(jù)庫亂碼問題
將my.cnf拷貝到/etc/下

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[client]

# pipe
# # socket=0.0
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
#
[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
server_id=1
expire_logs_days=3
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid