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刪除k8s環(huán)境過(guò)期鏡像&docker磁盤(pán)清理方式

更新時(shí)間：2025年12月05日 09:41:50 作者：野豬佩擠

文章介紹了如何清理Kubernetes環(huán)境中的過(guò)期鏡像和Docker磁盤(pán)空間,包括使用`docker system prune`命令和編寫(xiě)腳本進(jìn)行鏡像刪除

刪除k8s環(huán)境過(guò)期鏡像&docker磁盤(pán)清理

docker system df

鏡像占用了超過(guò)3.718GB磁盤(pán)空間。

docker system df  -v

1.images的SIZE是磁盤(pán)大小，SHARED SIZE，是共享大小，CONTAINERS是啟動(dòng)容器的個(gè)數(shù)，如果是0就代表是沒(méi)有使用的鏡像。

2.Containers的size是修改層大小。

3.volume 的SIZE是所占空間大小，像"Mounts": bind這種掛載空間是沒(méi)有計(jì)算在內(nèi)的

[root@node172 ~]# docker system df  --verbose
#鏡像空間使用情況
Images space usage:

REPOSITORY                                           TAG                       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE      SHARED SIZE   UNIQUE SIZE   CONTAINERS
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/lolos/loloss       flask-demon               f4a0d136e2c6   3 weeks ago     120.3MB   5.613MB       114.7MB       3
ghcr.io/linkerd/controller                           edge-21.2.1               e1cdfb82032f   4 weeks ago     44MB      0B            44MB          0
ghcr.io/linkerd/proxy                                edge-21.2.1               49ce29cf9e64   4 weeks ago     114.6MB   69.24MB       45.34MB       0
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/jbjb/alpine        simple-v01                652ba0e5f116   4 weeks ago     24.53MB   5.613MB       18.92MB       0
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/jbjb/demons-d      productcatalogue8         ef9e688776d8   5 weeks ago     285.4MB   267.7MB       17.62MB       0
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/jbjb/demons-d      stockmanager1             fc9138052165   5 weeks ago     311MB     267.7MB       43.31MB       0
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/jbjb/demons-d      shopfront1                93b876a3b2d8   5 weeks ago     313.8MB   267.7MB       46.09MB       0
registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/jbjb/demons-d      productcatalogue7         0fca3532f297   5 weeks ago     285.4MB   267.7MB       17.62MB       0
feiyu563/prometheus-alert                            latest                    72af7e46fae0   6 weeks ago     38.24MB   5.577MB       32.66MB       0
grafana/grafana                                      latest                    13afb861111c   7 weeks ago     187.3MB   5.577MB       181.7MB       0

#容器空間使用情況
Containers space usage:

CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                               COMMAND                  LOCAL VOLUMES   SIZE      CREATED          STATUS                        NAMES
9c5c77704f14   629df02b47c8                                        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   0               1.12kB    50 minutes ago   Up 50 minutes                 k8s_nginx_nginx-6b69f5bc8b-s7c6n_default_ff2d472b-19b8-4da2-a886-c37f1e816494_0
6f1a7b49bf7a   629df02b47c8                                        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   0               420MB     50 minutes ago   Up 50 minutes                 k8s_nginx_nginx-6b69f5bc8b-52rn8_default_6b3c4d0d-0aaa-4b1d-8c79-4ffb610f7985_0
f73844563277   629df02b47c8                                        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   0               1.12kB    50 minutes ago   Up 50 minutes                 k8s_nginx_nginx-6b69f5bc8b-8ps4l_default_8fddf18a-928a-4435-9bbc-bd8ef584446d_0
066e8e715441   629df02b47c8                                        "/docker-entrypoint.…"   0               1.12kB    50 minutes ago   Up 50 minutes                 k8s_nginx_nginx-6b69f5bc8b-kpgcj_default_
#本地卷使用情況
Local Volumes space usage:

VOLUME NAME   LINKS     SIZE

Build cache usage: 0B

CACHE ID   CACHE TYPE   SIZE      CREATED   LAST USED   USAGE     SHARED

查看完我們可以通過(guò)以下命令進(jìn)行刪除

1. 可以通過(guò) Docker 內(nèi)置的 CLI 指令docker system prune來(lái)進(jìn)行自動(dòng)空間清理

[root@c169 ~]# docker system prune --help

Usage:  docker system prune [OPTIONS]

Remove unused data

Options:
  -a, --all             Remove all unused images not just dangling ones
      --filter filter   Provide filter values (e.g. 'label=<key>=<value>')
  -f, --force           Do not prompt for confirmation
      --volumes         Prune volumes

docker system prune 自動(dòng)清理說(shuō)明

該指令默認(rèn)會(huì)清除所有如下資源

已停止的容器（container）
未被任何容器所使用的卷（volume）
未被任何容器所關(guān)聯(lián)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)（network）
所有懸空鏡像（image）。
該指令默認(rèn)只會(huì)清除懸空鏡像，未被使用的鏡像不會(huì)被刪除。添加-a 或 --all參數(shù)后，可以一并清除所有未使用的鏡像和懸空鏡像。
可以添加-f 或 --force參數(shù)用以忽略相關(guān)告警確認(rèn)信息

（溫馨提示如果文件太多太大這條命令會(huì)卡住，建議做pod驅(qū)逐到其他節(jié)點(diǎn)再執(zhí)行，或者使用腳本找到鏡像規(guī)律逐個(gè)刪除）

[root@dockercon ~]# docker system prune --all
WARNING! This will remove:
        - all stopped containers
        - all networks not used by at least one container
        - all images without at least one container associated to them
        - all build cache
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
f095899e7343e160d5b32d0688a6561a1a7f6af91c42ffe966649240b58ca23f

Deleted Images:
untagged: busybox:latest
untagged: busybox@sha256:e3789c406237e25d6139035a17981be5f1ccdae9c392d1623a02d31621a12bcc
deleted: sha256:6ad733544a6317992a6fac4eb19fe1df577d4dec7529efec28a5bd0edad0fd30
deleted: sha256:0271b8eebde3fa9a6126b1f2335e170f902731ab4942f9f1914e77016540c7bb
untagged: kalilinux/kali-linux-docker:latest
untagged: kalilinux/kali-linux-docker@sha256:28ff9e4bf40f7399e0570394a2d3d388a7b60c748be1b0a180c14c87afad1968
deleted: sha256:c927a54ec8a46164d7046b2a6dc09b2fce52b3066317d50cf73d14fa9778ca48
deleted: sha256:244c1920ef0442167cdbd095e5d29813cb5be0b70cc116faf8d7e50074f6c446

可以另外打開(kāi)一個(gè)終端，查看實(shí)時(shí)事件

（例如容器創(chuàng)建，刪除等均會(huì)實(shí)時(shí)顯示）

[root@node172 ~]# docker system events
2021-03-06T18:00:19.843255544+08:00 image untag sha256:f1a77cb119f480351fb7bdfcfeca2bcff57334a5205d9c770a7d5bc396287742 (name=sha256:f1a77cb119f480351fb7bdfcfeca2bcff57334a5205d9c770a7d5bc396287742)
2021-03-06T18:00:21.506665154+08:00 image delete sha256:f1a77cb119f480351fb7bdfcfeca2bcff57334a5205d9c770a7d5bc396287742 (name=sha256:f1a77cb119f480351fb7bdfcfeca2bcff57334a5205d9c770a7d5bc396287742)

腳本刪除方式如下

cat <<END> delel-image
#!/bin/bash
#刪除過(guò)期鏡像，保留最新5個(gè)版本

CDATE=`date '+%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S'`

#######比如經(jīng)常發(fā)版的關(guān)鍵字是"rabbitmq"
for service in `docker images | grep 'rabbitmq' | awk '{print $1}' |sort -u`
do
        for i in `docker images | grep $service | awk '{print $2}' | awk -F"-"  '{print $1}' | sort  -u`
        do
                banben=`docker images | grep $service | awk '{print $2}'`
                mem=`docker images | grep $service | awk '{print $2}'  |wc -l`
        done
        #echo $banben
        #echo $mem 
        if [[ $mem -gt 3 ]];then
                arr=(${banben// /})
                #保留同樣類型的5個(gè)鏡像
                for(( j=3;j<${#arr[@]};j++)) do
                        docker rmi $service:${arr[j]}
                        #echo $service:${arr[j]}
                        echo "docker rmi $service:${arr[j]}   執(zhí)行時(shí)間:$CDATE" >> /home/log_delete_images.log
                done
        fi
done
END