Linux使用yum安裝mysql的方式
更新時(shí)間：2025年06月07日 09:57:16 作者：岳來
這篇文章主要介紹了Linux使用yum安裝mysql的方式,具有很好的參考價(jià)值,希望對大家有所幫助,如有錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教
一、安裝前準(zhǔn)備
1、檢查是否已經(jīng)安裝過mysql，執(zhí)行命令 rpm -qa | grep mysql 如果已存在，則執(zhí)行刪除命令 后邊為Mysql目錄 rpm -e --nodeps mysql-xxxx 2、查詢所有Mysql對應(yīng)的文件夾 whereis mysqlm find / -name mysql 刪除相關(guān)目錄或文件 rm -rf /usr/bin/mysql /usr/include/mysql /data/mysql /data/mysql/mysql 驗(yàn)證是否刪除完畢 whereis mysqlm find / -name mysql 3、檢查mysql用戶組和用戶是否存在，如果沒有，則創(chuàng)建 cat /etc/group | grep mysql cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql
二、yum安裝
1、yum install mysql 2、yum install mysql-server #報(bào)錯(cuò)如下 Last metadata expiration check: 0:25:55 ago on Mon 21 Feb 2022 10:27:14 AM CST. No match for argument: mysql-server Error: Unable to find a match: mysql-server #原因：CentOS7自帶有MariaDB而不是MySQL，MariaDB和MySQL一樣也是開元的數(shù)據(jù)庫 #解決辦法：如果必須要安裝MySQL，首先必須添加mysql社區(qū)repo，執(zhí)行命令： sudo rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%] # 執(zhí)行完后,則繼續(xù)執(zhí)行： yum install mysql-server 3、yum install mysql-devel 4、yum install -y mariadb-server
三、啟動
1、
mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
修改 /etc/my.cnf
#添加
[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
2、
#service mysqld start# 運(yùn)行卡住
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
^C
service mysqld status
systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: activating (start-post) since Mon 2022-02-21 14:05:51 CST; 6min ago
Process: 63686 ExecStart=/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 63671 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 63686 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS); : 63687 (mysql-systemd-s)
Tasks: 2
Memory: 17.6M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─control
├─63687 /bin/bash /usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post
└─69856 sleep 1
Feb 21 14:05:51 xxx systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Feb 21 14:05:51 xxx mysqld_safe[63686]: 220221 14:05:51 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
Feb 21 14:05:51 xxx mysqld_safe[63686]: 220221 14:05:51 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
2.1、
# 查看/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
2022-02-21 14:34:29 92642 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
/usr/sbin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2022-02-21 14:34:29 92642 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
#解決辦法：
/usr/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...2022-02-21 14:38:39 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-02-21 14:38:39 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 96247 ...
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 1600627
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] Binlog end
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2022-02-21 14:38:39 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96247 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1626007
OK
Filling help tables...2022-02-21 14:38:41 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-02-21 14:38:41 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.51) starting as process 96282 ...
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.51 started; log sequence number 1626007
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] RSA private key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//private_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] RSA public key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//public_key.pem. Some authentication plugins will not work.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] Binlog end
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2022-02-21 14:38:41 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2022-02-21 14:38:43 96282 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1626017
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h docker-ce011162004053.nt12 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
2.2、
#mariadb.log中另一個(gè)報(bào)錯(cuò)
Can't start server: can't check PID filepath: No such file or directory
220221 14:34:30 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid ended
解決辦法：
mkdir -p /var/run/mariadb/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mariadb/
service mysql start # 正常
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysql.service
service mysql status # 正常
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysql.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 14:54:13 CST; 31min ago
Process: 112292 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 112276 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 112291 (mysqld_safe)
Tasks: 23
Memory: 119.3M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
├─112291 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
└─112457 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Feb 21 14:54:12 xxx systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Feb 21 14:54:12 xxx mysqld_safe[112291]: 220221 14:54:12 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
Feb 21 14:54:12 xxx mysqld_safe[112291]: 220221 14:54:12 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
mysql # 正常進(jìn)入
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
3、
mysqladmin -u root password #設(shè)置密碼
四、另一種方法安裝
4.1、安裝mysql
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-devel mariadb-server
4.2、啟動mysql 服務(wù)
systemctl start mariadb.service
4.3、設(shè)置密碼
#mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------------+------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| xxx | |
| xxx | root |
| localhost | |
| localhost | root |
+-----------------------------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> select user();
+----------------+
| user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
MariaDB [mysql]> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('xxxxx') WHERE user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> exit;
Bye
[root@docker-ce011166091186.na131 /home/gyy01167504]
#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> 總結(jié)
以上為個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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