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Windows10使用Linux子系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)輕松安裝多個(gè)linux

更新時(shí)間：2023年08月02日 08:52:33 作者：Hann?Yang

這篇文章主要為大家學(xué)習(xí)介紹了Windows10如何使用Linux子系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)輕輕松松安裝多個(gè)linux，本文通過(guò)圖文為大家進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹，需要的可以收藏一下

WSL

Windows Subsystem for Linux（簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)WSL）是一個(gè)在Windows 10\11上能夠運(yùn)行原生Linux二進(jìn)制可執(zhí)行文件（ELF格式）的兼容層。它是由微軟與Canonical公司合作開(kāi)發(fā)，其目標(biāo)是使純正的Ubuntu、Debian等映像能下載和解壓到用戶的本地計(jì)算機(jī)，并且映像內(nèi)的工具和實(shí)用工具能在此子系統(tǒng)上原生運(yùn)行。如果使用Windows10 2004以上，可以通過(guò)WSL2來(lái)窗口化運(yùn)行桌面應(yīng)用，也不需要另外安裝其他的X服務(wù)器。該子系統(tǒng)不能運(yùn)行所有Linux軟件，但學(xué)習(xí)大多數(shù)內(nèi)部命令的使用絕對(duì)方便！

準(zhǔn)備工作

檢查Window10版本，低于 18362 的版本不支持 WSL。運(yùn)行 winver 的結(jié)果：

或者在 Windows 命令提示符下輸入 ver 命令：

C:\Users\hann>ver
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.23511.1000]

檢查一下Windows Terminal是否為“已初裝”狀態(tài)：

打開(kāi)Terminal，并按快捷鍵 Ctrl , (Ctrl鍵和逗號(hào)）調(diào)出啟動(dòng)設(shè)置界面

照下圖所示設(shè)置，保存退出：

安裝Linux子系統(tǒng)

打開(kāi)MicrosoftStore，搜索Linux，然后安裝自己喜歡的發(fā)行版，我安裝了Ubuntu和Debian。

如還無(wú)法正常安裝，可以試試以下步驟：

打開(kāi)子系統(tǒng)功能
以管理員身份啟動(dòng)PowerShell，輸入如下內(nèi)容，以啟用Windows子系統(tǒng)功能：
dism.exe/online/enable-feature/featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux/all/norestart
然后輸入如下內(nèi)容，以啟用虛擬機(jī)平臺(tái)功能：
dism.exe/online/enable-feature/featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform/all/norestart
完成之后，重啟計(jì)算機(jī)。
下載Linux內(nèi)核更新包
點(diǎn)擊此鏈接，以下載適用于x64計(jì)算機(jī)的WSL2Linux內(nèi)核更新包。
下載完成后，安裝。
然后以管理員身份運(yùn)行PowerShell，輸入如下內(nèi)容，以設(shè)置WSL2為默認(rèn)版本：
wsl--set-default-version2

設(shè)置Unix用戶名和密碼

安裝成功后，進(jìn)入設(shè)置用戶：

查看幫助 help

Ubantu的幫助：

hann@HannYang:~$ help
GNU bash, version 5.0.17(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list.
Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'.
Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general.
Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list.

Debian的幫助：

hann@HannYang:~$ help
GNU bash, version 5.2.15(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
These shell commands are defined internally. Type `help' to see this list.
Type `help name' to find out more about the function `name'.
Use `info bash' to find out more about the shell in general.
Use `man -k' or `info' to find out more about commands not in this list.

兩者列出的內(nèi)部命令列表基本相同：

job_spec [&] history [-c] [-d offset] [n] or history -an>
(( expression )) if COMMANDS; then COMMANDS; [ elif COMMANDS>
. filename [arguments] jobs [-lnprs] [jobspec ...] or jobs -x comm>
: kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pi>
[ arg... ] let arg [arg ...]
[[ expression ]] local [option] name[=value] ...
alias [-p] [name[=value] ... ] logout [n]
bg [job_spec ...] mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [>
bind [-lpsvPSVX] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [> popd [-n] [+N | -N]
break [n] printf [-v var] format [arguments]
builtin [shell-builtin [arg ...]] pushd [-n] [+N | -N | dir]
caller [expr] pwd [-LP]
case WORD in [PATTERN [| PATTERN]...) COMMAN> read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text]>
cd [-L|[-P [-e]] [-@]] [dir] readarray [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin]>
command [-pVv] command [arg ...] readonly [-aAf] [name[=value] ...] or reado>
compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A acti> return [n]
complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-DEI] [-o op> select NAME [in WORDS ... ;] do COMMANDS; d>
compopt [-o|+o option] [-DEI] [name ...] set [-abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option-name] [>
continue [n] shift [n]
coproc [NAME] command [redirections] shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]
declare [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] [name[=value] .> source filename [arguments]
dirs [-clpv] [+N] [-N] suspend [-f]
disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ... | pid ...] test [expr]
echo [-neE] [arg ...] time [-p] pipeline
enable [-a] [-dnps] [-f filename] [name ...> times
eval [arg ...] trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]
exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...> true
exit [n] type [-afptP] name [name ...]
export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -> typeset [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] name[=value] .>
false ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit]
fc [-e ename] [-lnr] [first] [last] or fc -s> umask [-p] [-S] [mode]
fg [job_spec] unalias [-a] name [name ...]
for NAME [in WORDS ... ] ; do COMMANDS; don> unset [-f] [-v] [-n] [name ...]
for (( exp1; exp2; exp3 )); do COMMANDS; don> until COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
function name { COMMANDS ; } or name () { CO> variables - Names and meanings of some shel>
getopts optstring name [arg] wait [-fn] [id ...]
hash [-lr] [-p pathname] [-dt] [name ...] while COMMANDS; do COMMANDS; done
help [-dms] [pattern ...] { COMMANDS ; }