try:
    # 可能引發(fā)異常的代碼
except:
    # 異常處理邏輯

try:
    with open('data.txt', 'r') as f:
        content = f.read()
except:
    print("文件讀取失敗，請(qǐng)檢查路徑是否正確")

except FileNotFoundError:
    print("文件未找到")
except PermissionError:
    print("沒有訪問權(quán)限")

try:
    complex_operation()
except Exception as e:
    print(f"發(fā)生未知錯(cuò)誤: {str(e)}")
    logging.error(traceback.format_exc())  # 記錄詳細(xì)堆棧信息

import requests

try:
    response = requests.get('https://api.example.com/data', timeout=5)
    response.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    print(f"網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求失敗: {str(e)}")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"其他異常: {str(e)}")

tasks = [task1, task2, task3]

for task in tasks:
    try:
        task.run()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"任務(wù){(diào)task.id}執(zhí)行失敗: {str(e)}")
        continue

while True:
    try:
        user_input = input("請(qǐng)輸入數(shù)字: ")
        number = int(user_input)
        break
    except ValueError:
        print("輸入不是有效的整數(shù)，請(qǐng)重試")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"發(fā)生意外錯(cuò)誤: {str(e)}")
        break

try:
    result = 100 / 0  # 明顯的除零錯(cuò)誤
except:
    print("發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤")  # 掩蓋了本應(yīng)修復(fù)的問題

except (requests.ConnectionError, requests.Timeout) as e:
    print("網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接問題")
except requests.HTTPError as e:
    print("HTTP狀態(tài)碼異常")

try:
    data = fetch_data()
except Exception as e:
    print("錯(cuò)誤處理")
else:
    process(data)
finally:
    cleanup_resources()

try:
    try:
        1 / 0
    except ZeroDivisionError as e:
        raise ValueError("數(shù)學(xué)錯(cuò)誤") from e
except Exception as e:
    print(f"異常鏈: {e.__cause__}")

def handle_error(e, context=""):
    error_type = type(e).__name__
    print(f"[{context}] 錯(cuò)誤類型: {error_type}, 信息: {str(e)}")
    # 發(fā)送到監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)...

try:
    risky_operation()
except Exception as e:
    handle_error(e, "主流程")

# 不推薦的寫法
for item in large_list:
    try:
        process(item)
    except:
        continue

# 更優(yōu)方案
valid_items = [item for item in large_list if validate(item)]
for item in valid_items:
    process(item)

import logging
logging.basicConfig(filename='app.log', level=logging.ERROR)

try:
    main_logic()
except Exception as e:
    logging.exception("致命錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生: %s", str(e))
    # 或者使用詳細(xì)格式
    logging.error("錯(cuò)誤詳情", exc_info=True)

class StateMachine:
    def transition(self):
        try:
            self.validate_transition()
        except PreconditionError as e:
            self.handle_validation_error(e)
        except Exception as e:
            self.handle_unexpected_error(e)
        else:
            self.execute_transition()

def safe_execute(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        except ValueError as e:
            print(f"值錯(cuò)誤: {str(e)}")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"未知錯(cuò)誤: {str(e)}")
    return wrapper

@safe_execute
def calculate(data):
    # 業(yè)務(wù)邏輯

import unittest

class TestErrorHandling(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_division(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
            1 / 0

    def test_custom_error(self):
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "必須為正數(shù)"):
            check_value(-5)

def run_tasks():
    with allow_unhandled():
        task1()
        task2()

try:
    run_tasks()
except* ValueError as e:
    print(f"值錯(cuò)誤組: {e.exceptions}")

from contextlib import contextmanager

@contextmanager
def safe_open(filename):
    try:
        f = open(filename, 'r')
        yield f
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print("文件未找到")
    finally:
        if 'f' in locals():
            f.close()

from tenacity import retry, stop_after_attempt, wait_exponential

@retry(stop=stop_after_attempt(3), wait=wait_exponential(multiplier=1))
def fetch_data():
    # 可能失敗的網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求