pip install pygame

import random

def print_matrix(matrix):
    """打印矩陣，用于調(diào)試"""
    print('—'*19)
    for row in matrix:
        print('|'+' '.join([str(col) for col in row])+'|')
    print('—'*19)

def shuffle_number(_list):
    """隨機(jī)打亂列表，用于生成不同的數(shù)獨(dú)"""
    random.shuffle(_list)
    return _list

def check(matrix, i, j, number):
    """
    檢查數(shù)字是否可以放置在指定位置
    規(guī)則：行、列、3x3子網(wǎng)格中不能有重復(fù)數(shù)字
    """
    # 檢查行
    if number in matrix[i]:
        return False
    # 檢查列
    if number in [row[j] for row in matrix]:
        return False
    # 檢查3x3子網(wǎng)格
    group_i, group_j = int(i/3), int(j/3)
    if number in [matrix[i][j] for i in range(group_i*3, (group_i+1)*3) 
                 for j in range(group_j*3, (group_j+1)*3)]:
        return False
    return True

def build_game(matrix, i, j, number):
    """遞歸構(gòu)建完整數(shù)獨(dú)矩陣"""
    if i > 8 or j > 8:
        return matrix
    if check(matrix, i, j, number):
        # 創(chuàng)建矩陣副本進(jìn)行修改
        _matrix = [[col for col in row] for row in matrix]
        _matrix[i][j] = number
        # 計(jì)算下一個(gè)位置
        next_i, next_j = (i+1, 0) if j == 8 else (i, j+1)
        # 嘗試下一個(gè)位置的所有可能數(shù)字
        for _number in shuffle_number(number_list):
            __matrix = build_game(_matrix, next_i, next_j, _number)
            # 驗(yàn)證是否生成了完整有效的數(shù)獨(dú)
            if __matrix and sum([sum(row) for row in __matrix]) == (sum(range(1,10)) * 9):
                return __matrix
    return None

def give_me_a_game(blank_size=9):
    """生成帶空白的數(shù)獨(dú)游戲"""
    # 生成完整數(shù)獨(dú)
    matrix_all = build_game(matrix, 0, 0, random.choice(number_list))
    # 隨機(jī)生成要空白的位置
    set_ij = set()
    while len(list(set_ij)) < blank_size:
        set_ij.add(f"{random.choice(range(9))},{random.choice(range(9))}")
    
    # 創(chuàng)建帶空白的數(shù)獨(dú)
    matrix_blank = [[col for col in row] for row in matrix_all]
    blank_ij = []
    for ij in list(set_ij):
        i, j = int(ij.split(',')[0]), int(ij.split(',')[1])
        blank_ij.append((i, j))
        matrix_blank[i][j] = 0
    
    return matrix_all, matrix_blank, blank_ij

# 全局變量
number_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
matrix = [([0]*9) for i in range(9)]

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 測(cè)試生成數(shù)獨(dú)
    print_matrix(build_game(matrix, 0, 0, random.choice(number_list)))

import sys
import pygame
from pygame.color import THECOLORS as COLORS
from build import print_matrix, give_me_a_game, check

def draw_background():
    """繪制游戲背景和網(wǎng)格"""
    # 白色背景
    screen.fill(COLORS['white'])
    
    # 繪制9x9網(wǎng)格，加粗繪制3x3大格子邊界
    # 垂直線
    for i in range(10):
        line_width = 5 if i % 3 == 0 else 2
        pygame.draw.line(screen, COLORS['black'], 
                         (i*100, 0), (i*100, 900), line_width)
    
    # 水平線
    for i in range(10):
        line_width = 5 if i % 3 == 0 else 2
        pygame.draw.line(screen, COLORS['black'], 
                         (0, i*100), (900, i*100), line_width)

def draw_choose():
    """繪制當(dāng)前選中的單元格高亮框"""
    # 繪制藍(lán)色高亮框，留出邊框
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, COLORS['blue'], 
                    (cur_j*100+5, cur_i*100+5, 100-10, 100-10), 0)

def check_win(matrix_all, matrix):
    """檢查是否完成數(shù)獨(dú)"""
    return matrix_all == matrix

def check_color(matrix, i, j):
    """檢查數(shù)字是否符合規(guī)則，返回對(duì)應(yīng)的顏色"""
    _matrix = [[col for col in row] for row in matrix]
    _matrix[i][j] = 0  # 臨時(shí)清空當(dāng)前位置以便檢查
    if check(_matrix, i, j, matrix[i][j]):
        return COLORS['green']  # 合法數(shù)字顯示綠色
    return COLORS['red']      # 非法數(shù)字顯示紅色

def draw_number():
    """繪制數(shù)獨(dú)中的數(shù)字"""
    for i in range(len(MATRIX)):
        for j in range(len(MATRIX[0])):
            # 空白格子的數(shù)字顏色根據(jù)合法性變化，固定數(shù)字顯示灰色
            _color = check_color(MATRIX, i, j) if (i,j) in BLANK_IJ else COLORS['gray']
            # 渲染數(shù)字，空值不顯示
            txt = font80.render(
                str(MATRIX[i][j] if MATRIX[i][j] not in [0, '0'] else ''), 
                True, _color)
            x, y = j*100 + 30, i*100 + 10  # 居中顯示
            screen.blit(txt, (x, y))

def draw_context():
    """繪制游戲狀態(tài)信息"""
    txt = font100.render(
        f'Blank: {cur_blank_size}   Changes: {cur_change_size}', 
        True, COLORS['black'])
    screen.blit(txt, (10, 900))  # 顯示在底部

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 初始化pygame
    pygame.init()
    
    # 常量定義
    SIZE = [900, 1000]  # 窗口大小，額外100像素顯示狀態(tài)信息
    font80 = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 80)   # 數(shù)字字體
    font100 = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 90)  # 狀態(tài)信息字體
    
    # 創(chuàng)建窗口
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SIZE)
    pygame.display.set_caption("數(shù)獨(dú)小游戲")  # 設(shè)置窗口標(biāo)題
    
    # 變量初始化
    cur_i, cur_j = 0, 0  # 當(dāng)前選中的單元格
    cur_blank_size = int(sys.argv[1]) if len(sys.argv) > 1 else 10  # 空白數(shù)量，可通過(guò)命令行參數(shù)設(shè)置
    cur_change_size = 0  # 已修改次數(shù)
    
    # 生成數(shù)獨(dú)游戲
    MATRIX_ANSWER, MATRIX, BLANK_IJ = give_me_a_game(blank_size=cur_blank_size)
    print(BLANK_IJ)
    print_matrix(MATRIX)
    
    # 主游戲循環(huán)
    running = True
    while running:
        # 事件處理
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                running = False
                break
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                # 鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊選擇單元格
                x, y = event.pos
                cur_j, cur_i = int(x / 100), int(y / 100)
                # 確保選擇在有效范圍內(nèi)
                cur_i = max(0, min(8, cur_i))
                cur_j = max(0, min(8, cur_j))
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                # 鍵盤輸入數(shù)字
                if chr(event.key) in ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'] and (cur_i, cur_j) in BLANK_IJ:
                    MATRIX[cur_i][cur_j] = int(chr(event.key))
                    # 更新空白數(shù)量
                    cur_blank_size = sum(1 for row in MATRIX for col in row if col in [0, '0'])
                    cur_change_size += 1
        
        # 繪制游戲元素
        draw_background()
        draw_choose()
        draw_number()
        draw_context()
        
        # 刷新屏幕
        pygame.display.flip()
        
        # 檢查是否完成
        if check_win(MATRIX_ANSWER, MATRIX):
            print('恭喜你，完成了數(shù)獨(dú)挑戰(zhàn)！')
            break
    
    # 退出游戲
    pygame.quit()