pip install multipledispatch

from multipledispatch import dispatch

# 整數(shù)加法實(shí)現(xiàn)
@dispatch(int, int)
def add(x, y):
    return x + y

# 浮點(diǎn)數(shù)加法實(shí)現(xiàn)（帶精度控制）
@dispatch(float, float)
def add(x, y):
    return round(x + y, 2)

# 列表拼接實(shí)現(xiàn)
@dispatch(list, list)
def add(x, y):
    return x + y

# 混合類型實(shí)現(xiàn)（整數(shù)與字符串）
@dispatch(int, str)
def add(x, y):
    return str(x) + y

# 調(diào)用示例
print(add(1, 2))        # 輸出: 3（匹配int, int）
print(add(1.5, 2.3))    # 輸出: 3.8（匹配float, float）
print(add([1, 2], [3])) # 輸出: [1, 2, 3]（匹配list, list）
print(add(5, " apples"))# 輸出: "5 apples"（匹配int, str）

from collections.abc import Iterable, Number

# 聯(lián)合類型示例：列表或元組的元素平方
@dispatch((list, tuple))
def square_elements(x):
    return [i**2 for i in x]

# 抽象類型示例：任意可迭代對(duì)象求和
@dispatch(Iterable)
def total(iterable):
    return sum(iterable)

# 抽象類型示例：任意數(shù)字類型的乘法
@dispatch(Number, Number)
def multiply(x, y):
    return x * y

# 調(diào)用示例
print(square_elements([1, 2, 3]))  # 輸出: [1, 4, 9]
print(square_elements((4, 5)))     # 輸出: [16, 25]
print(total(range(10)))            # 輸出: 45
print(multiply(3.14, 2))           # 輸出: 6.28

from multipledispatch import dispatch
from functools import partial

# 創(chuàng)建自定義命名空間
my_namespace = {}
# 綁定命名空間到dispatch裝飾器
my_dispatch = partial(dispatch, namespace=my_namespace)

# 在自定義命名空間中定義函數(shù)
@my_dispatch(int)
def process(x):
    return x * 2

# 全局命名空間中定義同名函數(shù)
@dispatch(int)
def process(x):
    return x + 2

# 調(diào)用結(jié)果不同，因?yàn)閷儆诓煌臻g
print(process(5))                 # 輸出: 7（全局命名空間）
print(my_namespace['process'](sslocal://flow/file_open?url=5&flow_extra=eyJsaW5rX3R5cGUiOiJjb2RlX2ludGVycHJldGVyIn0=)) # 輸出: 10（自定義命名空間）

# 定義存在歧義的函數(shù)
@dispatch(float, object)
def calculate(x, y):
    return x**2 + y

@dispatch(object, float)
def calculate(x, y):
    return x + y**2

# 調(diào)用時(shí)會(huì)觸發(fā)AmbiguityWarning
# calculate(2.0, 3.0)  # 兩個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)均匹配，存在歧義

# 解決歧義：添加更具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)
@dispatch(float, float)
def calculate(x, y):
    return (x**2 + y**2)/2  # 取兩種計(jì)算方式的平均值

print(calculate(2.0, 3.0)) # 輸出: 6.5（匹配float, float，無歧義）

class MathOperations:
    @dispatch(int, int)
    def multiply(self, x, y):
        return x * y
    
    @dispatch(float, float)
    def multiply(self, x, y):
        return round(x * y, 3)
    
    @classmethod
    @dispatch(int)
    def square(cls, x):
        return x * x

# 使用示例
math = MathOperations()
print(math.multiply(3, 4))      # 輸出: 12
print(math.multiply(2.5, 3.2))  # 輸出: 8.0
print(MathOperations.square(5)) # 輸出: 25

import numpy as np

@dispatch(int, int)
def dot_product(x, y):
    return x * y

@dispatch(list, list)
def dot_product(x, y):
    return sum(i*j for i,j in zip(x,y))

@dispatch(np.ndarray, np.ndarray)
def dot_product(x, y):
    return np.dot(x, y)

# 應(yīng)用示例
print(dot_product(3, 4))               # 輸出: 12
print(dot_product([1,2,3], [4,5,6]))   # 輸出: 32
print(dot_product(np.array([1,2]), np.array([[3],[4]]))) # 輸出: 11

import json
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

@dispatch(dict, str)
def serialize(data, format):
    if format == "json":
        return json.dumps(data)
    elif format == "xml":
        root = ET.Element("data")
        for k, v in data.items():
            ET.SubElement(root, k).text = str(v)
        return ET.tostring(root, encoding="unicode")
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported format: {format}")

@dispatch(list, str)
def serialize(data, format):
    if format == "csv":
        return ",".join(map(str, data))
    else:
        return serialize({f"item_{i}": v for i, v in enumerate(data)}, format)

# 使用示例
print(serialize({"name": "Alice", "age": 30}, "json"))
print(serialize(["apple", "banana", "cherry"], "csv"))

class MouseEvent:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

class KeyboardEvent:
    def __init__(self, key):
        self.key = key

@dispatch(MouseEvent, str)
def handle_event(event, action):
    if action == "click":
        print(f"Mouse clicked at ({event.x}, {event.y})")
    elif action == "drag":
        print(f"Mouse dragged to ({event.x}, {event.y})")

@dispatch(KeyboardEvent, str)
def handle_event(event, action):
    if action == "press":
        print(f"Key {event.key} pressed")
    elif action == "release":
        print(f"Key {event.key} released")

# 事件處理示例
handle_event(MouseEvent(100, 200), "click")    # 輸出: Mouse clicked at (100, 200)
handle_event(KeyboardEvent("Enter"), "press")  # 輸出: Key Enter pressed