# 打開文件進行寫入（如果文件不存在會自動創(chuàng)建）
with open('example.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write("這是第一行文本\n")
    file.write("這是第二行文本\n")
    file.write("這是第三行文本\n")

lines = ["第一行\(zhòng)n", "第二行\(zhòng)n", "第三行\(zhòng)n"]

with open('multiline.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.writelines(lines)

with open('example.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write("這是追加的內(nèi)容\n")

name = "張三"
age = 25

with open('formatted.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    file.write(f"姓名: {name}, 年齡: {age}\n")
    # 或者使用format
    file.write("職業(yè): {}\n".format("工程師"))

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    for line in file:  # 迭代器方式逐行讀取
        print(line.strip())  # strip()去除行尾換行符

with open('example.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    lines = file.readlines()  # 返回包含所有行的列表
    for i, line in enumerate(lines, 1):
        print(f"第{i}行: {line.strip()}")

# 方法1：逐行讀?。▋?nèi)存友好）
with open('large_file.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    for line in file:
        process_line(line)  # 處理每一行的函數(shù)

# 方法2：分塊讀取
chunk_size = 1024 * 1024  # 1MB
with open('large_file.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    while True:
        chunk = file.read(chunk_size)
        if not chunk:
            break
        process_chunk(chunk)  # 處理每個塊的函數(shù)

# 相對路徑（相對于當前工作目錄）
with open('./data/example.txt', 'r') as file:
    ...

# 絕對路徑（推薦使用os.path或pathlib處理跨平臺路徑）
import os
file_path = os.path.join('C:', 'Users', 'username', 'Documents', 'example.txt')
with open(file_path, 'r') as file:
    ...

from pathlib import Path

# 創(chuàng)建Path對象
file_path = Path('data/example.txt')

# 檢查文件是否存在
if file_path.exists():
    # 讀取文件
    content = file_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
    print(content)
    
    # 寫入文件
    file_path.write_text("新內(nèi)容\n", encoding='utf-8')

# 嘗試常見編碼
encodings = ['utf-8', 'gbk', 'gb2312', 'big5', 'latin1']

def read_with_fallback(filename):
    for encoding in encodings:
        try:
            with open(filename, 'r', encoding=encoding) as file:
                return file.read()
        except UnicodeDecodeError:
            continue
    raise UnicodeDecodeError(f"無法解碼文件 {filename}，嘗試了所有常見編碼")

# 寫入時忽略無法編碼的字符（不推薦，除非必要）
with open('output.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore') as file:
    file.write("包含特殊字符的文本")

with open('example.txt', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    content = file.read()
    file.seek(0)  # 移動指針到文件開頭
    file.write("新內(nèi)容\n" + content)  # 在開頭插入內(nèi)容

import csv

# 寫入CSV格式文本
with open('data.txt', 'w', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerow(['姓名', '年齡', '城市'])
    writer.writerow(['張三', 25, '北京'])
    writer.writerow(['李四', 30, '上海'])

# 讀取CSV格式文本
with open('data.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    for row in reader:
        print(row)

import json

data = {
    "name": "張三",
    "age": 25,
    "skills": ["Python", "數(shù)據(jù)分析"]
}

# 寫入JSON
with open('data.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    json.dump(data, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)

# 讀取JSON
with open('data.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
    loaded_data = json.load(file)
    print(loaded_data)

from pathlib import Path

def process_file_operations():
    # 創(chuàng)建目錄（如果不存在）
    data_dir = Path('data')
    data_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
    
    # 寫入文件
    file_path = data_dir / 'example.txt'
    file_path.write_text(
        "第一行文本\n"
        "第二行文本\n"
        "第三行文本\n",
        encoding='utf-8'
    )
    
    # 讀取并處理文件
    if file_path.exists():
        content = file_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8')
        print("文件內(nèi)容:")
        print(content)
        
        # 追加內(nèi)容
        file_path.write_text(
            content + "\n這是追加的內(nèi)容\n",
            encoding='utf-8'
        )
    else:
        print("文件不存在")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    process_file_operations()