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python之http請(qǐng)求模擬器(tk)使用及說(shuō)明

更新時(shí)間：2026年01月22日 08:55:40 作者：像風(fēng)一樣的男人@

文章總結(jié)了使用Python和Tkinter創(chuàng)建一個(gè)HTTP請(qǐng)求模擬器的經(jīng)驗(yàn),提供了代碼示例,并鼓勵(lì)讀者參考和支持腳本之家

python之http請(qǐng)求模擬器(tk)

來(lái)看實(shí)例吧

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk, scrolledtext, messagebox
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
import json
from datetime import datetime
import re


class RequestSimulator(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.title("HTTP請(qǐng)求模擬器")
        self.geometry("800x650")

        self.method_var = tk.StringVar(value="GET")  # 方法選擇

        self.json_tags = {
            "key": "#0066cc",  # 鍵名：藍(lán)色
            "string": "#009933",  # 字符串：綠色
            "number": "#ff6600",  # 數(shù)字：橙色
            "boolean": "#cc00cc",  # 布爾值：紫色
            "null": "#888888",  # null：灰色
            "brace": "#333333",  # 大括號(hào)/中括號(hào)：深灰色
            "colon": "#333333",  # 冒號(hào)：深灰色
            "comma": "#333333"  # 逗號(hào)：深灰色
        }

        self.create_widgets()
        self.init_json_highlight_tags()  # 初始化高亮標(biāo)簽


    def create_widgets(self):
        # 頂部控制區(qū)域
        top_frame = ttk.Frame(self, padding="10")
        top_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=10, pady=5)
        top_frame.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)

        # 請(qǐng)求方法選擇
        method_label = ttk.Label(top_frame, text="請(qǐng)求方法:")
        method_label.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")

        methods = ["GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE"]
        method_menu = ttk.OptionMenu(
            top_frame, self.method_var, methods[0], *methods
        )
        method_menu.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)

        # URL輸入框（移除StringVar綁定，直接通過(guò)get()獲?。?
        url_label = ttk.Label(top_frame, text="請(qǐng)求URL:")
        url_label.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")

        self.url_entry = ttk.Entry(
            top_frame, width=100
        )
        self.url_entry.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="ew")
        top_frame.columnconfigure(3, weight=2)

        # 發(fā)送按鈕
        send_btn = ttk.Button(
            top_frame, text="發(fā)送請(qǐng)求", command=self.send_request
        )
        send_btn.grid(row=0, column=4, padx=10, pady=5)

        # 中間請(qǐng)求體區(qū)域
        body_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self, text="請(qǐng)求體（支持JSON格式化）", padding="10")
        body_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=10, pady=5)
        body_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        # 請(qǐng)求體文本框（無(wú)StringVar綁定）
        self.body_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(
            body_frame, wrap=tk.WORD, height=10
        )
        self.body_text.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        # 格式化JSON按鈕
        format_btn = ttk.Button(
            body_frame, text="格式化JSON", command=self.format_json
        )
        format_btn.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")

        # 底部響應(yīng)區(qū)域
        response_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self, text="響應(yīng)結(jié)果", padding="10")
        response_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=5)
        response_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        response_frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        # 狀態(tài)提示
        self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="狀態(tài): 等待請(qǐng)求")
        status_label = ttk.Label(
            response_frame, textvariable=self.status_var, foreground="#333"
        )
        status_label.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")

        # 響應(yīng)內(nèi)容文本框（保留高亮配置）
        self.response_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(
            response_frame, wrap=tk.WORD, state=tk.DISABLED, font=("Consolas", 10)
        )
        self.response_text.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

    def init_json_highlight_tags(self):
        """初始化高亮標(biāo)簽（僅給響應(yīng)體文本框添加）"""
        for tag_name, color in self.json_tags.items():
            self.response_text.tag_configure(tag_name, foreground=color)

    def highlight_json(self, text_widget, json_content):
        """通用JSON高亮方法（僅用于響應(yīng)體）"""
        text_widget.tag_remove("all", "1.0", tk.END)
        text_widget.delete("1.0", tk.END)
        text_widget.insert("1.0", json_content)

        try:
            parsed = json.loads(json_content)
            formatted = json.dumps(parsed, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
            text_widget.delete("1.0", tk.END)
            text_widget.insert("1.0", formatted)
            self._tag_json_elements(text_widget, formatted)
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            pass

    def _tag_json_elements(self, text_widget, json_str):
        """遞歸標(biāo)記JSON元素（內(nèi)部輔助方法）"""

        patterns = [
            ("key", r'"([^"]+)"(?=\s*:)'),
            ("string", r'"([^"]*)"'),
            ("number", r'-?\d+(\.\d+)?([eE][+-]?\d+)?'),
            ("boolean", r'\b(true|false)\b'),
            ("null", r'\b(null)\b'),
            ("brace", r'[{}\[\]]'),
            ("colon", r':'),
            ("comma", r',')
        ]

        for tag_name, pattern in patterns:
            for match in re.finditer(pattern, json_str):
                start = "1.0 + {} chars".format(match.start())
                end = "1.0 + {} chars".format(match.end())
                text_widget.tag_add(tag_name, start, end)

    def format_json(self):
        """格式化JSON"""
        content = self.body_text.get("1.0", tk.END).strip()
        if not content:
            messagebox.showwarning("提示", "請(qǐng)求體為空，無(wú)需格式化")
            return

        try:
            json_data = json.loads(content)
            formatted_json = json.dumps(
                json_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False, sort_keys=True
            )
            self.body_text.delete("1.0", tk.END)
            self.body_text.insert("1.0", formatted_json)
        except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
            messagebox.showerror("JSON格式錯(cuò)誤", f"無(wú)法解析JSON：\n{str(e)}")

    def send_request(self):
        """發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求"""
        url = self.url_entry.get().strip()
        method = self.method_var.get()

        body = None
        if method in ["POST", "PUT"]:
            content = self.body_text.get("1.0", tk.END).strip()
            if content:
                try:
                    body = json.loads(content)
                except json.JSONDecodeError:
                    body = content

        try:
            self.status_var.set("狀態(tài): 正在請(qǐng)求...")
            self.update_idletasks()

            start_time = datetime.now()

            if method == "GET":
                response = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
            elif method == "POST":
                response = requests.post(
                    url, json=body if isinstance(body, dict) else None,
                    data=body if not isinstance(body, dict) else None,
                    timeout=30
                )
            elif method == "PUT":
                response = requests.put(
                    url, json=body if isinstance(body, dict) else None,
                    data=body if not isinstance(body, dict) else None,
                    timeout=30
                )
            else:
                response = requests.delete(url, timeout=30)

            duration = (datetime.now() - start_time).total_seconds()
            self.status_var.set(
                f"狀態(tài): 成功 | 狀態(tài)碼: {response.status_code} | 耗時(shí): {duration:.2f}s"
            )
            self.show_response(response)

        except RequestException as e:
            self.status_var.set("狀態(tài): 請(qǐng)求失敗")
            messagebox.showerror("請(qǐng)求錯(cuò)誤", f"無(wú)法連接到URL：\n{str(e)}")
        except Exception as e:
            self.status_var.set("狀態(tài): 未知錯(cuò)誤")
            messagebox.showerror("錯(cuò)誤", f"發(fā)生異常：\n{str(e)}")

    def show_response(self, response):
        """顯示響應(yīng)結(jié)果（保留JSON高亮）"""
        self.response_text.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
        self.response_text.delete("1.0", tk.END)

        try:
            json_data = response.json()
            formatted_json = json.dumps(
                json_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False, sort_keys=True
            )
            self.highlight_json(self.response_text, formatted_json)
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            self.response_text.insert(tk.END, response.text)

        self.response_text.config(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def destroy(self):
        super().destroy()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = RequestSimulator()
    app.mainloop()