import json

# 創(chuàng)建示例配置文件
config_data = {
    "database": {
        "host": "localhost",
        "port": 3306,
        "username": "admin"
    },
    "settings": {
        "debug": True,
        "log_level": "INFO"
    }
}

with open("config.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(config_data, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

# 讀取 JSON 文件
with open("config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    config = json.load(f)
    print("配置文件內(nèi)容:")
    print(json.dumps(config, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))
    
# 訪問配置值
db_host = config["database"]["host"]
debug_mode = config["settings"]["debug"]
print(f"\n數(shù)據(jù)庫主機: {db_host}")
print(f"調試模式: {debug_mode}")

import json

# 創(chuàng)建配置數(shù)據(jù)
config = {
    "app": {
        "name": "我的應用",
        "version": "1.0.0"
    },
    "server": {
        "host": "0.0.0.0",
        "port": 8080
    }
}

# 寫入到文件
with open("app_config.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(config, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)

print("配置文件已保存到: app_config.json")

# 驗證寫入
with open("app_config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    loaded = json.load(f)
    print(f"應用名稱: {loaded['app']['name']}")
    print(f"服務器端口: {loaded['server']['port']}")

import json
import os
from typing import Any, Dict

class SimpleConfig:
    def __init__(self, filename: str = "config.json"):
        self.filename = filename
        self.config = {}
    
    def load(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """加載配置文件"""
        if os.path.exists(self.filename):
            with open(self.filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                self.config = json.load(f)
        else:
            self.config = self.get_default_config()
            self.save()
        return self.config
    
    def save(self) -> None:
        """保存配置文件"""
        with open(self.filename, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            json.dump(self.config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
    
    def get_default_config(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """獲取默認配置"""
        return {
            "app": {
                "name": "默認應用",
                "version": "1.0.0"
            },
            "database": {
                "host": "localhost",
                "port": 5432
            }
        }
    
    def get(self, *keys) -> Any:
        """獲取配置值"""
        value = self.config
        for key in keys:
            if isinstance(value, dict) and key in value:
                value = value[key]
            else:
                return None
        return value
    
    def set(self, *keys_and_value) -> None:
        """設置配置值
        參數(shù)格式: key1, key2, ..., value
        例如: set("database", "host", "192.168.1.100")
        """
        if len(keys_and_value) < 2:
            raise ValueError("至少需要2個參數(shù): keys和value")
        
        *keys, value = keys_and_value
        
        # 遍歷到倒數(shù)第二個鍵
        current = self.config
        for key in keys[:-1]:
            if key not in current or not isinstance(current[key], dict):
                current[key] = {}
            current = current[key]
        
        # 設置最后一個鍵的值
        current[keys[-1]] = value
        self.save()

# 使用示例
config = SimpleConfig("my_config.json")

# 加載配置
config.load()

# 獲取配置
app_name = config.get("app", "name")
print(f"應用名稱: {app_name}")

# 設置新配置
config.set("database", "host", "192.168.1.100")
config.set("app", "debug", True)
config.set("logging", "level", "DEBUG")

# 驗證設置
print(f"數(shù)據(jù)庫主機: {config.get('database', 'host')}")
print(f"調試模式: {config.get('app', 'debug')}")
print(f"日志級別: {config.get('logging', 'level')}")

# 查看完整的配置
print(f"\n完整配置: {json.dumps(config.config, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)}")

# 清理臨時文件
if os.path.exists("my_config.json"):
    os.remove("my_config.json")

import json
import os
from typing import Any, Dict

class EnvConfig:
    def __init__(self, config_file: str = "config.json", env_prefix: str = "APP_"):
        self.config_file = config_file
        self.env_prefix = env_prefix
        self.config = {}
    
    def load(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """加載配置，環(huán)境變量優(yōu)先于文件配置"""
        # 1. 加載文件配置
        if os.path.exists(self.config_file):
            with open(self.config_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                self.config = json.load(f)
        else:
            self.config = {}
        
        # 2. 用環(huán)境變量覆蓋
        self._apply_env_vars()
        
        return self.config
    
    def _apply_env_vars(self) -> None:
        """應用環(huán)境變量到配置"""
        for env_key, env_value in os.environ.items():
            if env_key.startswith(self.env_prefix):
                # 轉換環(huán)境變量名: APP_DATABASE_HOST -> database.host
                config_key = env_key[len(self.env_prefix):].lower()
                
                # 轉換值類型
                value = self._convert_value(env_value)
                
                # 設置到配置中
                self._set_nested(config_key, value)
    
    def _convert_value(self, value: str) -> Any:
        """轉換字符串值為適當類型"""
        # 布爾值
        if value.lower() in ("true", "false"):
            return value.lower() == "true"
        
        # 數(shù)字
        try:
            if "." in value:
                return float(value)
            return int(value)
        except ValueError:
            pass
        
        # 列表（逗號分隔）
        if "," in value:
            return [item.strip() for item in value.split(",")]
        
        return value
    
    def _set_nested(self, key_path: str, value: Any) -> None:
        """設置嵌套配置"""
        parts = key_path.split("_")
        current = self.config
        
        for part in parts[:-1]:
            if part not in current or not isinstance(current[part], dict):
                current[part] = {}
            current = current[part]
        
        current[parts[-1]] = value
    
    def save(self) -> None:
        """保存配置到文件"""
        with open(self.config_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            json.dump(self.config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

# 使用示例
# 設置環(huán)境變量
os.environ["APP_DATABASE_HOST"] = "prod-db.example.com"
os.environ["APP_DEBUG"] = "true"
os.environ["APP_LOG_LEVEL"] = "WARNING"

# 創(chuàng)建文件配置
file_config = {
    "database": {
        "host": "localhost",  # 將被環(huán)境變量覆蓋
        "port": 3306
    },
    "app": {
        "debug": False,  # 將被環(huán)境變量覆蓋
        "log_level": "INFO"  # 將被環(huán)境變量覆蓋
    }
}

# 保存文件配置
with open("env_config.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(file_config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

# 加載配置
config = EnvConfig("env_config.json")
config_data = config.load()

print("最終配置:")
print(json.dumps(config_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))

# 清理
os.remove("env_config.json")
del os.environ["APP_DATABASE_HOST"]
del os.environ["APP_DEBUG"]
del os.environ["APP_LOG_LEVEL"]

import json
from datetime import datetime, date
from decimal import Decimal
from enum import Enum
from typing import Any

class CustomJSONEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    """自定義 JSON 編碼器，支持更多數(shù)據(jù)類型"""
    
    def default(self, obj: Any) -> Any:
        if isinstance(obj, (datetime, date)):
            return obj.isoformat()
        elif isinstance(obj, Decimal):
            return float(obj)
        elif isinstance(obj, Enum):
            return obj.value
        elif hasattr(obj, '__dict__'):
            return obj.__dict__
        return super().default(obj)

# 定義數(shù)據(jù)類型
class LogLevel(Enum):
    DEBUG = "DEBUG"
    INFO = "INFO"
    WARNING = "WARNING"
    ERROR = "ERROR"

# 創(chuàng)建包含特殊類型的數(shù)據(jù)
config_data = {
    "app": {
        "name": "數(shù)據(jù)分析",
        "created": datetime.now(),
        "version": "2.0.0"
    },
    "database": {
        "host": "localhost",
        "port": 5432,
        "timeout": 30.5
    },
    "logging": {
        "level": LogLevel.INFO,
        "retention_days": Decimal("90.5")
    },
    "features": ["auth", "api", "dashboard"]
}

# 使用自定義編碼器保存
with open("special_config.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(config_data, f, cls=CustomJSONEncoder, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

print("包含特殊類型的配置文件已保存")

# 讀取和驗證
with open("special_config.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    loaded = json.load(f)
    print("\n讀取的配置:")
    print(f"應用名稱: {loaded['app']['name']}")
    print(f"創(chuàng)建時間: {loaded['app']['created']}")
    print(f"日志級別: {loaded['logging']['level']}")
    print(f"保留天數(shù): {loaded['logging']['retention_days']}")

# 清理
import os
os.remove("special_config.json")

import json
from typing import Any, Dict, List

class ConfigValidator:
    """簡單的配置驗證器"""
    
    def validate(self, config: Dict[str, Any], rules: Dict[str, Any]) -> List[str]:
        """驗證配置"""
        errors = []
        
        for key, rule in rules.items():
            if key not in config:
                if rule.get("required", False):
                    errors.append(f"缺少必要字段: {key}")
                continue
            
            value = config[key]
            value_type = rule.get("type")
            
            # 檢查類型
            if value_type and not isinstance(value, value_type):
                errors.append(f"{key} 應為 {value_type.__name__} 類型")
            
            # 檢查枚舉值
            if "enum" in rule and value not in rule["enum"]:
                errors.append(f"{key} 的值 {value} 不在允許范圍內(nèi): {rule['enum']}")
            
            # 檢查范圍
            if "min" in rule and value < rule["min"]:
                errors.append(f"{key} 的值 {value} 小于最小值 {rule['min']}")
            
            if "max" in rule and value > rule["max"]:
                errors.append(f"{key} 的值 {value} 大于最大值 {rule['max']}")
        
        return errors

# 使用示例
config = {
    "app": {
        "name": "我的應用",
        "version": "1.0.0"
    },
    "database": {
        "host": "localhost",
        "port": 3306,
        "timeout": 30
    },
    "server": {
        "port": 8080,
        "workers": 4
    }
}

# 定義驗證規(guī)則
validation_rules = {
    "app": {
        "type": dict,
        "required": True
    },
    "database": {
        "type": dict,
        "required": True
    },
    "server": {
        "type": dict,
        "required": True
    }
}

database_rules = {
    "host": {
        "type": str,
        "required": True
    },
    "port": {
        "type": int,
        "required": True,
        "min": 1,
        "max": 65535
    },
    "timeout": {
        "type": int,
        "required": True,
        "min": 1
    }
}

# 驗證配置
validator = ConfigValidator()

# 驗證頂層
errors = validator.validate(config, validation_rules)
if errors:
    print("配置驗證失敗:")
    for error in errors:
        print(f"  - {error}")
else:
    print("? 頂層配置驗證通過")

# 驗證數(shù)據(jù)庫配置
db_errors = validator.validate(config["database"], database_rules)
if db_errors:
    print("數(shù)據(jù)庫配置驗證失敗:")
    for error in db_errors:
        print(f"  - {error}")
else:
    print("? 數(shù)據(jù)庫配置驗證通過")

# 保存驗證通過的配置
if not errors and not db_errors:
    with open("validated_config.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        json.dump(config, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
    print("\n? 配置已保存到: validated_config.json")
    
    # 清理
    import os
    os.remove("validated_config.json")