# 使用單引號
s1 = 'Hello, Python!'

# 使用雙引號（當(dāng)字符串內(nèi)部包含單引號時非常有用）
s2 = "I'm learning Python."

print(s1)  # 輸出: Hello, Python!
print(s2)  # 輸出: I'm learning Python.

s3 = '''
這是一個
多行字符串
'''

s4 = """可以包含 '單引號' 和 "雙引號" 的字符串"""

print(s3)
print(s4)

num = 100
s5 = str(num)  # 將整數(shù) 100 轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串 '100'
print(type(s5)) # 輸出: <class 'str'>

name = "Alice"
age = 25
s6 = f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old."
print(s6) # 輸出: My name is Alice and I am 25 years old.

# 創(chuàng)建空列表
empty_list = []

# 創(chuàng)建包含元素的列表
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mixed_list = [1, "Hello", 3.14, True] # 列表中可以包含不同類型的數(shù)據(jù)

print(numbers)
print(mixed_list)

# 將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為列表
char_list = list("Python")
print(char_list) # 輸出: ['P', 'y', 't', 'h', 'o', 'n']

# 將元組轉(zhuǎn)換為列表
tuple_data = (10, 20, 30)
list_from_tuple = list(tuple_data)
print(list_from_tuple) # 輸出: [10, 20, 30]

# 生成 0 到 9 的平方列表
squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]
print(squares) # 輸出: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]

# 生成偶數(shù)列表
evens = [x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
print(evens) # 輸出: [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]

# 創(chuàng)建空字典
empty_dict = {}

# 創(chuàng)建包含鍵值對的字典
person = {
    "name": "Bob",
    "age": 30,
    "city": "New York"
}
print(person)
print(person["name"]) # 訪問值，輸出: Bob

# 使用關(guān)鍵字參數(shù)
d1 = dict(name="Alice", age=25, job="Engineer")
print(d1)

# 使用二元組列表
d2 = dict([('one', 1), ('two', 2), ('three', 3)])
print(d2) # 輸出: {'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3}

keys = ['name', 'age', 'gender']
default_value = 'unknown'

# 創(chuàng)建一個默認(rèn)值為 'unknown' 的字典
d3 = dict.fromkeys(keys, default_value)
print(d3) 
# 輸出: {'name': 'unknown', 'age': 'unknown', 'gender': 'unknown'}

# 將列表中的元素作為鍵，元素的平方作為值
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
square_dict = {x: x**2 for x in numbers}
print(square_dict) 
# 輸出: {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}