pip install pyserial

import serial
# 基礎(chǔ)示例：打開 COM3，波特率 9600
ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600)

ser = serial.Serial(
    port='COM3',                    # Windows端口，Linux下如 '/dev/ttyUSB0'
    baudrate=9600,                 # 波特率
    bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,     # 數(shù)據(jù)位，默認(rèn)為8
    parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,     # 校驗(yàn)位，默認(rèn)為無
    stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,  # 停止位，默認(rèn)為1
    timeout=1                      # 讀超時(shí)時(shí)間（秒），None為阻塞讀取，0為非阻塞
)

ser.write(b'Hello, World!')  # 發(fā)送字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)
ser.write("Hello\r\n".encode('utf-8'))  # 將字符串編碼為字節(jié)后發(fā)送

data = ser.read(10)           # 讀取10個(gè)字節(jié)
line = ser.readline()          # 讀取一行，直到換行符
bytes_waiting = ser.in_waiting # 獲取接收緩沖區(qū)中的字節(jié)數(shù)

ser.close()

import serial.tools.list_ports
ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
for port in ports:
    print(f"設(shè)備: {port.device}, 描述: {port.description}")

with serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1) as ser:
    ser.write(b'AT\r\n')
    response = ser.readline()
    print(response.decode('utf-8'))

import threading
import time
def read_from_port(ser):
    while True:
        if ser.in_waiting > 0:
            data = ser.readline().decode('utf-8').strip()
            print(f"收到: {data}")
def main():
    ser = serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1)
    read_thread = threading.Thread(target=read_from_port, args=(ser,))
    read_thread.daemon = True  # 設(shè)置為守護(hù)線程，主程序退出時(shí)自動(dòng)結(jié)束
    read_thread.start()
    # 主線程可以處理發(fā)送或其他邏輯
    while True:
        message = input("輸入要發(fā)送的消息 (輸入quit退出): ")
        if message.lower() == 'quit':
            break
        ser.write((message + '\r\n').encode('utf-8'))
    ser.close()

import serial
import serial.tools.list_ports
def list_available_ports():
    """列出所有可用串口"""
    ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
    if not ports:
        print("未找到可用串口設(shè)備。")
        return None
    print("可用串口設(shè)備：")
    for idx, port in enumerate(ports):
        print(f"  [{idx}] {port.device} - {port.description}")
    return ports
def main():
    # 1. 列出并選擇端口
    available_ports = list_available_ports()
    if not available_ports:
        return
    port_index = int(input("請(qǐng)選擇要打開的串口編號(hào): "))
    selected_port = available_ports[port_index].device
    # 2. 配置并打開串口
    try:
        with serial.Serial(
            port=selected_port,
            baudrate=9600,
            bytesize=serial.EIGHTBITS,
            parity=serial.PARITY_NONE,
            stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,
            timeout=2  # 設(shè)置讀取超時(shí)為2秒
        ) as ser:
            print(f"串口 {ser.name} 已成功打開。")
            # 3. 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
            send_data = b'Hello from Python!\r\n'
            ser.write(send_data)
            print(f"已發(fā)送: {send_data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').strip()}")
            # 4. 嘗試讀取數(shù)據(jù)
            if ser.in_waiting:
                received_data = ser.read(ser.in_waiting)
                print(f"接收到原始數(shù)據(jù): {received_data}")
                try:
                    print(f"解碼后: {received_data.decode('utf-8')}")
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    print("數(shù)據(jù)無法用UTF-8解碼，可能為二進(jìn)制數(shù)據(jù)。")
            else:
                print("未接收到數(shù)據(jù)。")
    except serial.SerialException as e:
        print(f"串口操作出錯(cuò): {e}")
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\n程序被用戶中斷。")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"發(fā)生未知錯(cuò)誤: {e}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()