try:
    # 可能引發(fā)異常的代碼
    1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    # 在處理過(guò)程中又引發(fā)了新異常（主動(dòng)拋出新異常）
    raise ValueError("處理除零錯(cuò)誤時(shí)出錯(cuò)")

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProject\Learn_250816\except_chain.py", line 3, in <module>
    1 / 0
    ~~^~~
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProject\Learn_250816\except_chain.py", line 6, in <module>
    raise ValueError("處理除零錯(cuò)誤時(shí)出錯(cuò)")
ValueError: 處理除零錯(cuò)誤時(shí)出錯(cuò)

try:
    1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError as original_error:
    raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤") from original_error

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProject\Learn_250816\except_chain.py", line 10, in <module>
    1 / 0
    ~~^~~
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProject\Learn_250816\except_chain.py", line 12, in <module>
    raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤") from original_error
ValueError: 新錯(cuò)誤

try:
    1 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤") from None

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PythonProject\Learn_250816\except_chain.py", line 17, in <module>
    raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤") from None
ValueError: 新錯(cuò)誤

try:
    try:
        1 / 0
    except ZeroDivisionError as e:
        raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤") from e
except ValueError as ve:
    print(f"當(dāng)前異常: {ve}")
    print(f"顯式原因: {ve.__cause__}")
    print(f"隱式上下文: {ve.__context__}")

當(dāng)前異常: 新錯(cuò)誤
顯式原因: division by zero
隱式上下文: division by zero

try:
    try:
        1 / 0
    except ZeroDivisionError as e:
        raise ValueError("新錯(cuò)誤")
except ValueError as ve:
    print(f"當(dāng)前異常: {ve}")
    print(f"顯式原因: {ve.__cause__}")
    print(f"隱式上下文: {ve.__context__}")

當(dāng)前異常: 新錯(cuò)誤
顯式原因: None
隱式上下文: division by zero

try:
    config = load_config()
except FileNotFoundError as e:
    raise ConfigurationError("配置文件缺失") from e

try:
    process_data(data)
except ProcessingError as e:
    raise ProcessingError(f"處理ID為{data.id}的記錄時(shí)出錯(cuò)") from e

try:
    connect_to_database()
except DatabaseError:
    raise ServiceUnavailableError("服務(wù)暫時(shí)不可用") from None