pip install requests

import requests

# 基本GET請求
response = requests.get('https://www.example.com')

# 打印響應(yīng)狀態(tài)碼
print(response.status_code)

# 打印響應(yīng)內(nèi)容
print(response.text)

# 通過params參數(shù)傳遞查詢字符串
params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/get', params=params)

# 實際請求的URL
print(response.url)  # 輸出: https://httpbin.org/get?key1=value1&key2=value2

# 基本POST請求
data = {'key': 'value'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', data=data)

# 查看服務(wù)器返回的數(shù)據(jù)
print(response.json())

response = requests.get('https://www.example.com')

# 文本內(nèi)容
print(response.text)

# 二進制內(nèi)容
print(response.content)

# JSON響應(yīng)(自動解析)
print(response.json())

# 原始響應(yīng)(用于流式傳輸)
print(response.raw)

response = requests.get('https://www.example.com')

# 狀態(tài)碼
print(response.status_code)

# 狀態(tài)碼是否成功(200-400范圍內(nèi))
print(response.ok)

# 拋出HTTP錯誤(如果請求失敗)
response.raise_for_status()

# 自定義請求頭
headers = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0',
    'Accept': 'application/json'
}
response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', headers=headers)

# 查看響應(yīng)頭
print(response.headers)

# 獲取特定響應(yīng)頭
print(response.headers['Content-Type'])

# 設(shè)置超時時間(秒)
try:
    response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', timeout=3)
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
    print("請求超時")

# 創(chuàng)建會話
session = requests.Session()

# 設(shè)置公共參數(shù)
session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'MyApp/1.0'})

# 使用會話發(fā)送請求
response1 = session.get('https://httpbin.org/cookies/set/sessioncookie/123456789')
response2 = session.get('https://httpbin.org/cookies')

print(response2.json())  # 會顯示之前設(shè)置的cookie

proxies = {
    'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128',
    'https': 'http://10.10.1.10:1080',
}

response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', proxies=proxies)

files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', files=files)
print(response.text)

response = requests.get('https://www.example.com/bigfile', stream=True)

with open('bigfile', 'wb') as fd:
    for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=128):
        fd.write(chunk)

from requests.exceptions import RequestException

try:
    response = requests.get('https://www.example.com', timeout=5)
    response.raise_for_status()  # 檢查請求是否成功
except RequestException as e:
    print(f"請求發(fā)生錯誤: {e}")

# 獲取GitHub用戶信息
response = requests.get('https://api.github.com/users/octocat')

if response.status_code == 200:
    user_data = response.json()
    print(f"用戶名: {user_data['login']}")
    print(f"倉庫數(shù): {user_data['public_repos']}")
else:
    print(f"請求失敗，狀態(tài)碼: {response.status_code}")

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

response = requests.get('https://www.example.com')
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')

# 提取所有鏈接
for link in soup.find_all('a'):
    print(link.get('href'))

url = 'https://www.example.com/sample.pdf'
response = requests.get(url)

with open('sample.pdf', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(response.content)

# 禁用證書驗證(不推薦生產(chǎn)環(huán)境使用)
response = requests.get('https://example.com', verify=False)

# 使用自定義CA證書
response = requests.get('https://example.com', verify='/path/to/cert.pem')

# 禁用重定向
response = requests.get('http://example.com', allow_redirects=False)

# 獲取重定向歷史
print(response.history)

# 啟用詳細日志
import logging
import http.client

http.client.HTTPConnection.debuglevel = 1
logging.basicConfig()
logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
requests_log = logging.getLogger("requests.packages.urllib3")
requests_log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
requests_log.propagate = True