# 從列表創(chuàng)建
fs1 = frozenset([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
print(fs1)  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2, 3, 4, 5})

# 從元組創(chuàng)建
fs2 = frozenset((1, 2, 3))
print(fs2)  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2, 3})

# 從字符串創(chuàng)建
fs3 = frozenset('hello')
print(fs3)  # 輸出: frozenset({'h', 'e', 'l', 'o'})

# 創(chuàng)建空f(shuō)rozenset
fs4 = frozenset()
print(fs4)  # 輸出: frozenset()

# 從set創(chuàng)建
regular_set = {1, 2, 3}
fs = frozenset(regular_set)
print(fs)  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2, 3})

# 從字典創(chuàng)建（只使用鍵）
dict_keys = frozenset({'a': 1, 'b': 2}.keys())
print(dict_keys)  # 輸出: frozenset({'a', 'b'})

# 創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)frozenset
fs1 = frozenset([1, 2, 3, 4])
fs2 = frozenset([3, 4, 5, 6])

# 計(jì)算交集
intersection = fs1 & fs2
print(f"交集: {intersection}")  # 輸出: frozenset({3, 4})

# 計(jì)算并集
union = fs1 | fs2
print(f"并集: {union}")  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})

# 計(jì)算差集
difference = fs1 - fs2
print(f"差集: {difference}")  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2})

# 計(jì)算對(duì)稱(chēng)差集
symmetric_diff = fs1 ^ fs2
print(f"對(duì)稱(chēng)差集: {symmetric_diff}")  # 輸出: frozenset({1, 2, 5, 6})

# 檢查元素是否存在
print(1 in fs1)  # 輸出: True
print(5 in fs1)  # 輸出: False

# 獲取元素個(gè)數(shù)
print(len(fs1))  # 輸出: 4

fs = frozenset([1, 2, 3])

try:
    fs.add(4)  # 錯(cuò)誤：frozenset沒(méi)有add方法
except AttributeError as e:
    print(f"錯(cuò)誤：{e}")

try:
    fs.remove(1)  # 錯(cuò)誤：frozenset沒(méi)有remove方法
except AttributeError as e:
    print(f"錯(cuò)誤：{e}")

try:
    fs.clear()  # 錯(cuò)誤：frozenset沒(méi)有clear方法
except AttributeError as e:
    print(f"錯(cuò)誤：{e}")

# 使用frozenset作為字典鍵來(lái)存儲(chǔ)組合
def store_combinations():
    combinations = {}
    # 存儲(chǔ)不同組合的得分
    combinations[frozenset(['apple', 'orange'])] = 85
    combinations[frozenset(['banana', 'grape'])] = 92
    combinations[frozenset(['apple', 'banana'])] = 78
    
    return combinations

# 使用示例
combinations = store_combinations()
# 查找特定組合的得分
search_combination = frozenset(['apple', 'orange'])
print(f"組合 {search_combination} 的得分: {combinations[search_combination]}")

class DataProcessor:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cache = {}
    
    def process_data(self, data_set):
        # 將輸入轉(zhuǎn)換為frozenset以用作緩存鍵
        frozen_data = frozenset(data_set)
        
        # 檢查緩存中是否已有結(jié)果
        if frozen_data in self.cache:
            print("從緩存中獲取結(jié)果")
            return self.cache[frozen_data]
        
        # 計(jì)算新結(jié)果
        print("計(jì)算新結(jié)果")
        result = sum(frozen_data)  # 示例計(jì)算
        self.cache[frozen_data] = result
        return result

# 使用示例
processor = DataProcessor()
print(processor.process_data([1, 2, 3]))  # 計(jì)算新結(jié)果
print(processor.process_data([3, 2, 1]))  # 從緩存中獲取結(jié)果（因?yàn)榧显叵嗤?

class Configuration:
    def __init__(self, settings):
        self._settings = frozenset(settings)
    
    @property
    def settings(self):
        return self._settings
    
    def has_setting(self, setting):
        return setting in self._settings
    
    def is_compatible_with(self, other_config):
        return bool(self._settings & other_config.settings)

# 使用示例
config1 = Configuration(['debug', 'logging', 'cache'])
config2 = Configuration(['logging', 'security', 'api'])

print(f"Config1設(shè)置: {config1.settings}")
print(f"是否啟用debug: {config1.has_setting('debug')}")
print(f"配置是否兼容: {config1.is_compatible_with(config2)}")

import sys

# 比較set和frozenset的內(nèi)存使用
data = list(range(1000))
regular_set = set(data)
frozen_set = frozenset(data)

print(f"set內(nèi)存使用: {sys.getsizeof(regular_set)} bytes")
print(f"frozenset內(nèi)存使用: {sys.getsizeof(frozen_set)} bytes")

import timeit

# 比較set和frozenset的創(chuàng)建性能
set_creation = timeit.timeit('set(range(100))', number=10000)
frozenset_creation = timeit.timeit('frozenset(range(100))', number=10000)

print(f"set創(chuàng)建時(shí)間: {set_creation:.6f}秒")
print(f"frozenset創(chuàng)建時(shí)間: {frozenset_creation:.6f}秒")

# 好的實(shí)踐：直接創(chuàng)建frozenset
fs = frozenset([1, 2, 3])

# 避免：先創(chuàng)建set再轉(zhuǎn)換
s = set([1, 2, 3])
fs = frozenset(s)  # 額外的轉(zhuǎn)換步驟

def safe_create_frozenset(data):
    try:
        return frozenset(data)
    except TypeError as e:
        print(f"錯(cuò)誤：輸入數(shù)據(jù)不可哈希 - {e}")
        return frozenset()  # 返回空f(shuō)rozenset

# 使用示例
valid_data = [1, 2, 3]
invalid_data = [1, [2, 3], 4]  # 包含列表，不可哈希

print(safe_create_frozenset(valid_data))
print(safe_create_frozenset(invalid_data))

# frozenset的相等性比較基于其元素
fs1 = frozenset([1, 2, 3])
fs2 = frozenset([3, 2, 1])
print(fs1 == fs2)  # 輸出: True

# frozenset可以計(jì)算哈希值
fs = frozenset([1, 2, 3])
print(f"哈希值: {hash(fs)}")