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Python中按鈕(BUTTON)樣式屬性及說(shuō)明

更新時(shí)間：2025年01月23日 10:08:35 作者：SAPmatinal

文章介紹了Python中tkinter庫(kù)中的Button組件,用于在GUI中添加按鈕,按鈕可以包含文本或圖像,并且可以通過(guò)點(diǎn)擊執(zhí)行特定函數(shù),文章詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了Button組件的構(gòu)造語(yǔ)法和常用參數(shù),并提供了一個(gè)代碼示例

Python按鈕(BUTTON)樣式屬性

Python tkinter 按鈕組件用于tkinter GUI里添加按鈕，按鈕可以添加文本和圖像。

當(dāng)按鈕按下時(shí)，可以執(zhí)行指定的函數(shù)。

使用語(yǔ)法

widget = Button( master, parameter=value, ... )

master：按鈕控件的父容器
parameter：按鈕的參數(shù)
value：參數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的值

各參數(shù)之間以逗號(hào)分隔。

參數(shù)說(shuō)明

代碼示例

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from tkinter import *
 
 
class buttons:
    def __init__(self):
        root = Tk()
        root.title("按鈕")  # 設(shè)置窗口標(biāo)題
        root.geometry("600x600")  # 設(shè)置窗口大小 注意：是x 不是*
        '''按鈕樣式'''
        # 按鈕文字切換
        self.btsd = Label(root, text='按鈕文字切換：')
        self.bts = Button(root, text='按鈕開始', command=self.Button_text_switch)
        # 按鈕狀態(tài)
        self.button_state = Label(root, text='按鈕狀態(tài)：')
        self.disabled_state = Button(root, text='禁用狀態(tài)')
        self.disabled_state.config(state=DISABLED)
        self.usual_status = Button(root, text='普通狀態(tài)')
        self.usual_status.config(state=NORMAL)
        self.active = Button(root, text='活躍狀態(tài)')
        self.active.config(state=ACTIVE)
        # 鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊到按鈕后改變顏色，activebackground='背景色'，activeforeground='前景色'
        self.mouse_click_color = Label(root, text='鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊顏色：')
        self.click_background_colour = Button(root, text='背景色', activebackground='blue')
        self.click_foreground_colour = Button(root, text='前景色', activeforeground='blue')
        # 按鈕邊框大小，bd='邊框大小'
        self.button_border_size = Label(root, text='按鈕邊框大?。?)
        self.border = Button(root, text='按鈕邊框', bd=5)
        # 按鈕顏色，bg='背景色', fg='前景色'
        self.the_button_color = Label(root, text='按鈕顏色：')
        self.button_background_colour = Button(root, text='背景色', bg='blue')
        self.button_foreground_colour = Button(root, text='前景色', fg='blue')
        # 按鈕字體格式， font=('字體', 字體大小, 'bold/italic/underline/overstrike')
        self.button_font_format = Label(root, text='按鈕字體格式：')
        self.button_face1 = Button(root, text='軟體雅黑/12/重打印', font=('軟體雅黑', 10, 'overstrike'))
        self.button_face2 = Button(root, text='宋體/12/斜體', font=('宋體', 10, 'italic'))
        self.button_face3 = Button(root, text='黑體/12/加粗', font=('黑體', 10, 'bold'))
        self.button_face4 = Button(root, text='楷體/12/下劃線', font=('楷體', 10, 'underline'))
        # 按鈕高度，height='高度'
        self.button_border_xy = Label(root, text='按鈕邊xy：')
        self.button_height = Button(root, text='按鈕高度', height=2)
        self.button_width = Button(root, text='按鈕寬度', width=16)
        # 按鈕圖片設(shè)置，image=圖片變量。圖片必須以變量的形式賦值給image，圖片必須是gif格式。
        self.button_image_settings = Label(root, text='按鈕圖片設(shè)置：')
        gif = PhotoImage(file="1.gif")
        self.button_image = Button(root, image=gif)
        # 按鈕文字對(duì)齊方式，可選項(xiàng)包括LEFT, RIGHT, CENTER
        self.text_alignment = Label(root, text='文字對(duì)齊方式：')
        self.text_left = Button(root, text='左對(duì)齊\n文字左側(cè)對(duì)齊', justify=LEFT)
        self.text_center = Button(root, text='居中對(duì)齊\n文字居中對(duì)齊', justify=CENTER)
        self.text_tight = Button(root, text='右對(duì)齊\n文字右側(cè)對(duì)齊', justify=RIGHT)
        # 按鈕文字與邊框之間的間距，padx='x軸方向間距大小'，pady='y軸間距大小'
        self.text_border_spacing = Label(root, text='文字邊框間距：')
        self.button_padx = Button(root, text='x軸間距', padx=0)
        self.button_pady = Button(root, text='y軸間距', pady=10)
        # 框樣式，設(shè)置控件3D效果，可選的有：FLAT、SUNKEN、RAISED、GROOVE、RIDGE。
        self.box_style = Label(root, text='按鈕框樣式：')
        self.button_relief1 = Button(root, text='邊框平坦', relief=FLAT)
        self.button_relief2 = Button(root, text='邊框凹陷', relief=SUNKEN)
        self.button_relief3 = Button(root, text='邊框凸起', relief=RAISED)
        self.button_relief4 = Button(root, text='邊框壓線', relief=GROOVE)
        self.button_relief5 = Button(root, text='邊框脊線', relief=RIDGE)
        # 按鈕達(dá)到限制字符后換行顯示
        self.Line_shows_state = Label(root, text='文字換行顯示：')
        self.selfLine_shows = Button(root, text='1234567890', wraplength=30)
        # 下劃線。取值就是帶下劃線的字符串索引，為 0 時(shí)，第一個(gè)字符帶下劃線，為 1 時(shí)，第兩個(gè)字符帶下劃線，以此類推
        self.underline_state = Label(root, text='文字標(biāo)下劃線：')
        self.underline = Button(root, text='12345', underline=2)
 
        '''grid布局'''
        self.btsd.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.bts.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_state.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.disabled_state.grid(row=2, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.usual_status.grid(row=2, column=3, sticky='NW')
        self.active.grid(row=2, column=4, sticky='NW')
        self.mouse_click_color.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.click_background_colour.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.click_foreground_colour.grid(row=3, column=3, sticky='NW')
        self.button_border_size.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.border.grid(row=4, column=2, columnspan=3, sticky='NW')
        self.the_button_color.grid(row=5, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_background_colour.grid(row=5, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_foreground_colour.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky='NW')
        self.button_font_format.grid(row=6, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_face1.grid(row=6, column=2, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_face2.grid(row=6, column=4, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_face3.grid(row=6, column=6, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_face4.grid(row=6, column=8, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_border_xy.grid(row=7, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_height.grid(row=7, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_width.grid(row=7, column=3, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_image_settings.grid(row=8, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_image.grid(row=8, column=2, columnspan=3, sticky='NW')
        self.text_alignment.grid(row=9, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.text_left.grid(row=9, column=2, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.text_center.grid(row=9, column=4, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.text_tight.grid(row=9, column=6, columnspan=2, sticky='NW')
        self.text_border_spacing.grid(row=10, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_padx.grid(row=10, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_pady.grid(row=10, column=3, sticky='NW')
        self.box_style.grid(row=11, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.button_relief1.grid(row=11, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.button_relief2.grid(row=11, column=3, sticky='NW')
        self.button_relief3.grid(row=11, column=4, sticky='NW')
        self.button_relief4.grid(row=11, column=5, sticky='NW')
        self.button_relief5.grid(row=11, column=6, sticky='NW')
        self.Line_shows_state.grid(row=12, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.selfLine_shows.grid(row=12, column=2, sticky='NW')
        self.underline_state.grid(row=13, column=1, sticky='E')
        self.underline.grid(row=13, column=2, sticky='NW')
        root.mainloop()
 
    # 按鈕開關(guān)設(shè)置
    def Button_text_switch(self):
        if self.bts['text'] == '按鈕開始':  # 如果文字是開始，則改為關(guān)閉
            self.bts['text'] = '按鈕關(guān)閉'
            print('按鈕開始')
        else:  # 如果不是開始，則改為開始
            self.bts['text'] = '按鈕開始'
            print('按鈕關(guān)閉')
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    buttons()