import socket
IP = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())

import socket
def GetLocalIPByPrefix(prefix):
    r""" 多網(wǎng)卡情況下，根據(jù)前綴獲取IP（Windows 下適用） """
    localIP = ''
    for ip in socket.gethostbyname_ex(socket.gethostname())[2]:
        if ip.startswith(prefix):
            localIP = ip
    return localIP
print(GetLocalIPByPrefix('192.168'))

import uuid
def GetMAC():
  r""" 針對單網(wǎng)卡 """
  addr = hex(uuid.getnode())[2:].upper()
  return '-'.join(addr[i:i+2] for i in range(0, len(addr), 2))

import psutil
def PrintNetIfAddr():
  r""" 打印多網(wǎng)卡 mac 和 ip 信息 """
  dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
  for adapter in dic:
      snicList = dic[adapter]
      mac = '無 mac 地址'
      ipv4 = '無 ipv4 地址'
      ipv6 = '無 ipv6 地址'
      for snic in snicList:
          if snic.family.name in {'AF_LINK', 'AF_PACKET'}:
              mac = snic.address
          elif snic.family.name == 'AF_INET':
              ipv4 = snic.address
          elif snic.family.name == 'AF_INET6':
              ipv6 = snic.address
      print('%s, %s, %s, %s' % (adapter, mac, ipv4, ipv6))

import psutil
def GetLocalIPByPrefix(prefix):
    r"""
    多網(wǎng)卡情況下，根據(jù)前綴獲取IP
    測試可用：Windows、Linux，Python 3.6.x，psutil 5.4.x
    ipv4/ipv6 地址均適用
    注意如果有多個(gè)相同前綴的 ip，只隨機(jī)返回一個(gè)
    """
    localIP = ''
    dic = psutil.net_if_addrs()
    for adapter in dic:
        snicList = dic[adapter]
        for snic in snicList:
            if not snic.family.name.startswith('AF_INET'):
                continue                
            ip = snic.address
            if ip.startswith(prefix):
                localIP = ip
    return localIP     
print(GetLocalIPByPrefix('192.168'))