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java如何在過濾器中為http請求加請求頭header

更新時(shí)間：2026年04月28日 09:49:53 作者：于京京9909

總結(jié)：通過在過濾器中添加`addHeader`方法,強(qiáng)制將用戶唯一標(biāo)識添加到請求頭中,然后在需要的地方通過`@RequestHeader`注解獲取用戶唯一標(biāo)識,此方法適用于所有接口,解決了通過頁面?zhèn)鬟ftoken不適用所有接口的問題

前言

現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)需求場景：每一個(gè)請求我都需要在請求頭里面加上token這個(gè)請求頭，作為一種校驗(yàn)機(jī)制，傳統(tǒng)的接口可以通過設(shè)置一個(gè)全局的變量，然后通過頁面攜帶過來（大概就是先將我們的token放在session中，寫一個(gè)服務(wù)用來獲取session中的token，然后主頁面用 ajax 調(diào)用接口，將 token放在隱藏域中，然后將請求頭放進(jìn)來，用 ajax 方法，這里不想細(xì)說了），但是有一個(gè)情況是通過頁面?zhèn)鬟f的并不一定都會適用所有接口，比如上傳和下載的接口有時(shí)候請求頭里面就沒有token 參數(shù)，可能是上傳和下載是用表單提交的。

這個(gè)時(shí)候如何將請求頭通過后臺的方法加進(jìn)來？

想到用過濾器，用后臺方法強(qiáng)制加入請求頭。

我這里加的是將用戶唯一標(biāo)識加在請求頭上，并在自己需要的時(shí)候自己獲取

1.創(chuàng)建攔截器

核心代碼為 addHeader方法，將userid添加到請求頭中

package com.kaying.luck.interceptor;

import com.kaying.luck.dao.draw.user.UserDao;
import com.kaying.luck.exception.ServiceException;
import com.kaying.luck.pojo.draw.user.dos.UserDO;
import com.kaying.luck.response.enums.ApiResponseCodeEnum;
import com.kaying.luck.utils.applicationContext.MyApplicationContext;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author csp
 * @create 2021-11-23 14:54
 * @description
 */
@Component
public class BaseInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao = MyApplicationContext.getBean(UserDao.class);

    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object o) throws Exception {

        String userId = request.getHeader("userId");
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(userId)){
            throw new ServiceException(ApiResponseCodeEnum.ERROR_USER_ID, "未查詢到用戶信息");
        }
        UserDO userDO = userDao.getUserByUserId(userId);
        if (userDO == null) {
            userDO = new UserDO();
            userDO.setId(null);
            userDO.setUserId(userId);
            userDO.setUserOrderStatus(0);
            userDao.insert(userDO);
        }
        Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("userId",userId);
        addHeader(request,map);
        return true;
    }

    private void addHeader(HttpServletRequest request, Map<String, String> headerMap) {
        if (headerMap==null||headerMap.isEmpty()){
            return;
        }

        Class<? extends HttpServletRequest> c=request.getClass();
        //System.out.println(c.getName());
        System.out.println("request實(shí)現(xiàn)類="+c.getName());
        try{
            Field requestField=c.getDeclaredField("request");
            requestField.setAccessible(true);

            Object o=requestField.get(request);
            Field coyoteRequest=o.getClass().getDeclaredField("coyoteRequest");
            coyoteRequest.setAccessible(true);

            Object o2=coyoteRequest.get(o);
            System.out.println("coyoteRequest實(shí)現(xiàn)類="+o2.getClass().getName());
            Field headers=o2.getClass().getDeclaredField("headers");
            headers.setAccessible(true);

            MimeHeaders mimeHeaders=(MimeHeaders) headers.get(o2);
            for (Map.Entry<String,String> entry:headerMap.entrySet()){
                mimeHeaders.removeHeader(entry.getKey());
                mimeHeaders.addValue(entry.getKey()).setString(entry.getValue());
            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }


    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse response, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS");
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600");
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*");
        response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
    }

}

2.配置攔截器

攔截器需要配置才能使用

package com.kaying.luck.config.interceptor;

import com.kaying.luck.interceptor.BaseInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

/**
 * 攔截器需要配置才可以使用，也可以在這里注入其他的類
 *
 * @author yt
 * @create 2022/10/17 14:26
 */
@Configuration
public class BaseInterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        // 添加攔截器
        registry.addInterceptor(new BaseInterceptor())
                //添加攔截路徑
                .addPathPatterns("/**")
                //排除的攔截路徑（此路徑不攔截）
                .excludePathPatterns("/swagger/**","/error","/download/**","/wx/**","/address/**","/management/**","/callback/**",
                        "/favicon.ico","/swagger2/**", "/swagger*", "/swagger*/**", "/webjars/**", "/doc.html", "/swagger-ui.html", "/swagger-resources/**", "/v2/api-docs**");

    }

    /**
     * 開啟跨域
     */
    @Override
    public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
        // 設(shè)置允許跨域的路由
        registry.addMapping("/**")
                // 設(shè)置允許跨域請求的域名
                .allowedOriginPatterns("*")
                // 是否允許證書（cookies）
                .allowCredentials(true)
                // 設(shè)置允許的方法
                .allowedMethods("*")
                // 跨域允許時(shí)間
                .maxAge(3600);
    }


}

4.在要攔截的方法

接收參數(shù)上添加 @RequestHeader注解

 @ApiOperation(value = "根據(jù)用戶UserId查詢用戶信息")
    @GetMapping("get/user")
    public ApiResponse<UserDO> getUserByUserId( @RequestHeader("userId") String userId) {
        System.out.println("userId = " + userId);
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(userId)) {
            throw new ServiceException(ApiResponseCodeEnum.FAIL, "獲取用戶信息失敗");
        }
        UserDO userDO = userLoginService.getUserByUserId(userId);
        return ApiResponse.success(userDO);
    }