Spring中獲取HttpServletRequest的三種方式小結(jié)

更新時間：2026年04月14日 09:29:59 作者：愛碼少年 00fly.online

spring框架web環(huán)境中,獲取HttpServletRequest是常見的操作,本文將為大家詳細(xì)介紹一下Spring中獲取HttpServletRequest的三種方式,有需要的小伙伴可以了解下

一、簡要概述

spring框架web環(huán)境中，獲取HttpServletRequest是常見的操作，下面我們以獲取客戶端ip功能為例，給出獲取HttpServletRequest對象的幾種方式。

二、3種方式

1、直接在請求方法參數(shù)中聲明

    String[] IP_HEADERS = {"X-Forwarded-For", "X-Real-IP", "Proxy-Client-IP", "WL-Proxy-Client-IP", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED", "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_FORWARDED", "HTTP_VIA", "REMOTE_ADDR"};
    
    @GetMapping({"/", "/index"})
    public String index(HttpServletRequest request)
    {
        return StringUtils.join("client ip: ", getClientIp(request));
    }
    
    /**
     * 獲取客戶端真實IP地址
     */
    private String getClientIp(HttpServletRequest request)
    {
        for (String header : IP_HEADERS)
        {
            String ip = request.getHeader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isEmpty() && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip))
            {
                String[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getRemoteAddr");
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }

2、注入方式獲取

    @Autowired
    HttpServletRequest request;
    
    String[] IP_HEADERS = {"X-Forwarded-For", "X-Real-IP", "Proxy-Client-IP", "WL-Proxy-Client-IP", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED", "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_FORWARDED", "HTTP_VIA", "REMOTE_ADDR"};
    
    @GetMapping({"/", "/index"})
    public String index()
    {
        return StringUtils.join("client ip: ", getClientIp(request));
    }
    
    /**
     * 獲取客戶端真實IP地址
     */
    private String getClientIp(HttpServletRequest request)
    {
        for (String header : IP_HEADERS)
        {
            String ip = request.getHeader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isEmpty() && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip))
            {
                // 處理多個IP的情況（逗號分隔）
                String[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getRemoteAddr");
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }

或者

    @Autowired
    HttpServletRequest request;
    
    String[] IP_HEADERS = {"X-Forwarded-For", "X-Real-IP", "Proxy-Client-IP", "WL-Proxy-Client-IP", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED", "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_FORWARDED", "HTTP_VIA", "REMOTE_ADDR"};
    
    @GetMapping({"/", "/index"})
    public String index()
    {
        return StringUtils.join("client ip: ", getClientIp());
    }
    
    /**
     * 獲取客戶端真實IP地址
     */
    private String getClientIp()
    {
        for (String header : IP_HEADERS)
        {
            String ip = request.getHeader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isEmpty() && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip))
            {
                // 處理多個IP的情況（逗號分隔）
                String[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getRemoteAddr");
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }

3、隱式從上下文獲取

    @GetMapping({"/", "/index"})
    public String index()
    {
        return StringUtils.join("client ip: ", getClientIp());
    }
    
    String[] IP_HEADERS = {"X-Forwarded-For", "X-Real-IP", "Proxy-Client-IP", "WL-Proxy-Client-IP", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_X_FORWARDED", "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_CLIENT_IP", "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR", "HTTP_FORWARDED", "HTTP_VIA", "REMOTE_ADDR"};
    
    /**
     * 獲取客戶端真實IP地址
     */
    private String getClientIp()
    {
        HttpServletRequest request = getHttpServletRequest();
        for (String header : IP_HEADERS)
        {
            String ip = request.getHeader(header);
            if (ip != null && !ip.isEmpty() && !"unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip))
            {
                // 處理多個IP的情況（逗號分隔）
                String[] ips = ip.split(",");
                log.info("##### ip header: {}", header);
                return ips[0].trim();
            }
        }
        log.info("##### request.getRemoteAddr");
        return request.getRemoteAddr();
    }
    
    private HttpServletRequest getHttpServletRequest()
    {
        ServletRequestAttributes servletRequestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        if (servletRequestAttributes != null)
        {
            return servletRequestAttributes.getRequest();
        }
        return null;
    }

大家可以根據(jù)需要選擇其中一種使用。

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