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Springboot實(shí)現(xiàn)連接多個(gè)ElasticSearch數(shù)據(jù)庫的過程

更新時(shí)間：2026年03月17日 16:29:22 作者：彭于晏Yan

這篇文章介紹了如何在Springboot項(xiàng)目中實(shí)現(xiàn)與多個(gè)Elasticsearch數(shù)據(jù)庫的高效交互,本文結(jié)合實(shí)例代碼給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì),感興趣的朋友跟隨小編一起看看吧

在實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中，一個(gè)微服務(wù)需要與多個(gè)不同的ES數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行交互。下面介紹這種方式，微服務(wù)可以在數(shù)據(jù)庫或數(shù)據(jù)集群之間保持高效的交互，實(shí)現(xiàn)更復(fù)雜的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。

1. 引入依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>7.7.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
    <version>7.7.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>7.7.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 適用于中大型的集群 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client-sinffer</artifactId>
    <version>7.7.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 配置信息

es:
  httpHosts: 127.0.0.1:9200
  username: elastic1
  password: elastic
test2:
  es:
    httpHosts: 127.0.0.2:9200
    username: elastic2
    password: elastic

3. RestHighLevelClientBuilder

public class RestHighLevelClientBuilder {
	public static RestHighLevelClient buildRestHighLevelClient(EsProperties esProperties) throws Exception {
		if (esProperties.getHttpHosts() == null) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("es httpHosts must be not empty");
		}
		String[] urls = esProperties.getHttpHosts().split(",");
		Node[] nodes = new Node[urls.length];
		for (int i = 0; i < urls.length; i++) {
			URI uri = new URI(urls[i]);
			nodes[i] = new Node(new HttpHost(uri.getHost(), uri.getPort(), uri.getScheme()));
		}
		RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(nodes);
		/**
		 * 在使用云ES時(shí)，提供的是一個(gè)域名負(fù)載均衡地址（就像一個(gè)單節(jié)點(diǎn)地址），似乎應(yīng)該把云ES的地址認(rèn)為是一直可用
		 */
//		builder.setFailureListener(new RestClient.FailureListener() {
//		    @Override
//		    public void onFailure(Node node) {
//		        log.error("node:{} was failed", node);
//		    }
//		});
		builder.setNodeSelector(NodeSelector.ANY); //default
		builder.setRequestConfigCallback(new RequestConfigCallback() {
			@Override
			public RequestConfig.Builder customizeRequestConfig(RequestConfig.Builder requestConfigBuilder) {
				return requestConfigBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(esProperties.getConnectionRequestTimeout())
						.setConnectTimeout(esProperties.getConnectTimeout())
						.setSocketTimeout(esProperties.getSocketTimeout());
			}
		});
		builder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(new HttpClientConfigCallback() {
			@Override
			public HttpAsyncClientBuilder customizeHttpClient(HttpAsyncClientBuilder httpClientBuilder) {
				if(StringUtils.hasText(esProperties.getPassword())) {
					CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
					credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials(esProperties.getUsername(), esProperties.getPassword()));
					httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
				}
				httpClientBuilder.setKeepAliveStrategy(new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy() {
					@Override
					public long getKeepAliveDuration(HttpResponse response, HttpContext context) {
						long keepAliveDuration = super.getKeepAliveDuration(response, context);
						if(keepAliveDuration < 0) {// < 0 無限，會(huì)跟服務(wù)端不一致報(bào)SocketTimeout
							return esProperties.getKeepAlive();
						}
						return keepAliveDuration;
					}
				});
//				httpClientBuilder.setConnectionManager(connManager);
//				httpClientBuilder.setConnectionReuseStrategy(reuseStrategy);
				httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnPerRoute(esProperties.getMaxConnPerRoute());
				httpClientBuilder.setMaxConnTotal(esProperties.getMaxConnTotal());
//				httpClientBuilder.setDefaultIOReactorConfig(IOReactorConfig.custom().setIoThreadCount(1).build());
				return httpClientBuilder.setDefaultIOReactorConfig(
						IOReactorConfig.custom().setIoThreadCount(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()).build());
			}
		});
		return new RestHighLevelClient(builder);
	}
}

4. Es連接配置

@Data
public class EsProperties {
    private boolean shutdownOnUpdateCheck = true;
    private String httpHosts;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private int connectionRequestTimeout = 3000;//default -1 ;
    private int connectTimeout = 1000;//default 1000
    private int socketTimeout = 30000;//default 30000
    private int keepAlive = 118000;//ES服務(wù)端默認(rèn)應(yīng)該是120s
    private int maxConnPerRoute = 10;//default 2 , 對(duì)同一地址（例如3個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)使用不同ip時(shí)，應(yīng)該會(huì)是每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)最多幾個(gè)；3個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)使用統(tǒng)一域名時(shí)，應(yīng)該是按一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)算）,對(duì)一個(gè)HttpClient對(duì)象而言
    private int maxConnTotal = 20;//default 20 , 總和,對(duì)一個(gè)HttpClient對(duì)象而言
    private boolean enabled;
    public RestHighLevelClient buildRestHighLevelClient() throws Exception {
        if(enabled) {
            return RestHighLevelClientBuilder.buildRestHighLevelClient(this);
        }
        return null;
    }
}

5.其他ES連接信息

@Data
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(value = {RestHighLevelClient.class})
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "es")
public class Test1EsProperties extends EsProperties {
}
@Data
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass(value = {RestHighLevelClient.class})
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "test2.es")
public class Test2EsProperties extends EsProperties{
}

6. Es客戶端注入Bean

@Configuration
public class EsConfigBean {
    @Autowired
    private Test1EsProperties test1EsProperties;
    @Autowired
    private Test2EsProperties test2EsProperties;
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public RestHighLevelClient client() throws Exception {
        return test1EsProperties.buildRestHighLevelClient();
    }
    @Bean("test2Client")
    public RestHighLevelClient test2Client() throws Exception {
        return test2EsProperties.buildRestHighLevelClient();
    }
}

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