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Android開發(fā)(Kotlin)?retrofit基本使用教程

更新時(shí)間：2025年11月17日 10:28:49 作者：來來走走

本文介紹了在Android開發(fā)中使用Kotlin和Retrofit進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求的基本步驟,包括導(dǎo)入Retrofit、創(chuàng)建單例類、定義數(shù)據(jù)類和接口、配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)權(quán)限以及進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)請(qǐng)求并打印結(jié)果,感興趣的朋友跟隨小編一起看看吧

導(dǎo)入retrofit

dependencies {
  	........
    implementation("com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:3.0.0")
    implementation("com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:3.0.0")
}

創(chuàng)建單例類

object ServiceCreator {
    private const val BASE_URL = "https://7a6396f8-09a1-4ade-b42a-f6db7776fb31.mock.pstmn.io"
    private val retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()
        .baseUrl(BASE_URL)
        .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
        .build()
    fun <T> create(serviceClass: Class<T>): T = retrofit.create(serviceClass)
}

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)類
數(shù)據(jù)格式

{
    "data": [
        {
            "random": "3",
            "def": "中止，停頓；歸屬待定，暫擱",
            "word": "abeyance"
        }
    ]
}

data class  WordListBean(val data: List<WordBean>)
data class WordBean(val random: String, val def: String, val word: String)

配置接口

interface AppService {
    @GET("/flutter")
    fun getData(): Call<WordListBean>
}

調(diào)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口

        binding.clickButC.setOnClickListener {
            val appService = ServiceCreator.create(AppService::class.java)
            appService.getData().enqueue(object : Callback<WordListBean>{
                override fun onResponse(call: Call<WordListBean?>, response: Response<WordListBean?>) {
                    Log.d("ClickActivity",response.body().toString())
                }
                override fun onFailure(call: Call<WordListBean?>, t: Throwable) {
                    Log.d("ClickActivity",t.toString())
                }
            })
        }

打印結(jié)果

2025-11-15 01:07:28.592 23340-23340 ClickActivity
com.bz.yh.xd.testkotlin
D WordListBean(data=[WordBean(random=0, def=拋棄，遺棄；中止；陷入，沉湎于, word=abandon), WordBean(random=1, def=拋棄；放縱, word=abandonment), WordBean(random=2, def=縮略詞，縮寫形式；縮略, word=abbreviation), WordBean(random=3, def=中止，停頓；歸屬待定，暫擱, word=abeyance)])

使用實(shí)化來優(yōu)化ServiceCreator

object ServiceCreator {
    private const val BASE_URL = "https://7a6396f8-09a1-4ade-b42a-f6db7776fb31.mock.pstmn.io"
    private val retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()
        .baseUrl(BASE_URL)
        .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
        .build()
    inline fun <reified T> create(): T = create(T::class.java)
}

        binding.clickButC.setOnClickListener {
            val appService = ServiceCreator.create<AppService>()
            appService.getData().enqueue(object : Callback<WordListBean>{
                override fun onResponse(call: Call<WordListBean?>, response: Response<WordListBean?>) {
                    Log.d("ClickActivity",response.body().toString())
                }
                override fun onFailure(call: Call<WordListBean?>, t: Throwable) {
                    Log.d("ClickActivity",t.toString())
                }
            })
        }

其他
聲明網(wǎng)絡(luò)權(quán)限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

配置networkSecurityConfig，使用http

<application
		.....
        android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config">

network_security_config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"/>
</network-security-config>

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