// 添加依賴
// <dependency>
//     <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
//     <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
//     <version>1.9.4</version>
// </dependency>
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
public class CommonsExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 1. 創(chuàng)建源對(duì)象
        User source = new User("Alice", 25, new Address("New York"));
        // 2. 創(chuàng)建目標(biāo)對(duì)象
        UserDTO target = new UserDTO();
        // 3. 屬性拷貝（同名屬性自動(dòng)復(fù)制）
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(target, source);
        System.out.println(target); 
        // 輸出: UserDTO{name='Alice', age=25, city='New York'}
        // 4. 動(dòng)態(tài)獲取屬性
        String city = BeanUtils.getProperty(source, "address.city");
        System.out.println(city); // 輸出: New York
        // 5. 動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)置屬性
        BeanUtils.setProperty(target, "age", "30"); // 字符串自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)int
        // 6. 對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)Map
        Map<String, String> map = BeanUtils.describe(source);
        System.out.println(map); 
        // {name=Alice, age=25, address=Address[city=New York]}
        // 7. Map轉(zhuǎn)對(duì)象
        Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
        data.put("name", "Bob");
        data.put("age", "35"); // 字符串自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換
        data.put("address.city", "London"); // 嵌套屬性
        User newUser = new User();
        BeanUtils.populate(newUser, data);
        System.out.println(newUser.getAddress().getCity()); // 輸出: London
    }
}
// JavaBean 類
class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private Address address;
    // 無(wú)參構(gòu)造器、getter/setter 省略
}
class UserDTO {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String city; // 對(duì)應(yīng) address.city
    // 無(wú)參構(gòu)造器、getter/setter 省略
}
class Address {
    private String city;
    // 構(gòu)造器、getter/setter 省略
}

// 添加依賴
// <dependency>
//     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
//     <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
//     <version>5.3.20</version>
// </dependency>
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
public class SpringExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User source = new User("Alice", 25, new Address("New York"));
        UserDTO target = new UserDTO();
        // 1. 基礎(chǔ)屬性復(fù)制
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(source, target);
        System.out.println(target.getCity()); // 輸出: null (不自動(dòng)處理嵌套)
        // 2. 帶忽略屬性的復(fù)制
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(source, target, "age"); // 忽略age屬性
        System.out.println(target.getAge()); // 輸出: 0 (默認(rèn)值)
        // 3. 自定義屬性處理器
        class CustomConverter implements Converter {
            public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
                if(value instanceof User) {
                    return ((User) value).getAddress().getCity();
                }
                return null;
            }
        }
        // 4. 處理嵌套屬性（需自定義）
        String city = (String) new CustomConverter().convert(String.class, source);
        target.setCity(city);
        System.out.println(target.getCity()); // 輸出: New York
    }
}

// Apache 解決方案
BeanUtils.setProperty(target, "address.city", "Paris");
// Spring 解決方案（需自定義）
class AddressMapper {
    public static void map(User source, UserDTO target) {
        target.setCity(source.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}

// 注冊(cè)自定義轉(zhuǎn)換器
ConvertUtils.register(new Converter() {
    public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
        return LocalDate.parse(value.toString());
    }
}, LocalDate.class);
// 現(xiàn)在可以處理字符串轉(zhuǎn)LocalDate
BeanUtils.setProperty(target, "birthDate", "2023-01-01");

// Spring 方式
BeanUtils.copyProperties(source, target, "password", "sensitiveData");
// Apache 方式（需額外處理）
Map<String, String> map = BeanUtils.describe(source);
map.remove("password");
BeanUtils.populate(target, map);

// Controller層
public UserDTO getUser(Long id) {
    User user = userService.findById(id);
    UserDTO dto = new UserDTO();
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, dto);
    return dto;
}

// 接收表單提交
public String createUser(@ModelAttribute UserForm form) {
    User user = new User();
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(form, user);
    userService.save(user);
    return "redirect:/users";
}

// 從配置文件中讀取設(shè)置
@Value("${app.settings}")
private Map<String, String> settings;
public void applySettings() {
    AppConfig config = new AppConfig();
    BeanUtils.populate(config, settings);
}

public User mergeUserChanges(User original, User changes) {
    User merged = new User();
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(original, merged); // 復(fù)制原始數(shù)據(jù)
    BeanUtils.copyProperties(changes, merged);  // 覆蓋變更數(shù)據(jù)
    return merged;
}