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Spring AI 實(shí)現(xiàn) STDIO和SSE MCP Server的過(guò)程詳解

 更新時(shí)間：2025年05月20日 10:39:37   作者：laopeng301  
STDIO方式是基于進(jìn)程間通信,MCP Client和MCP Server運(yùn)行在同一主機(jī),主要用于本地集成、命令行工具等場(chǎng)景,這篇文章主要介紹了Spring AI 實(shí)現(xiàn) STDIO和SSE MCP Server,需要的朋友可以參考下

Spring AI 實(shí)現(xiàn) STDIO和SSE MCP Server

Java MCP 三層架構(gòu)中，傳輸?shù)姆绞接蠸TDIO和SSE兩種，如下圖所示。

STDIO方式是基于進(jìn)程間通信，MCP Client和MCP Server運(yùn)行在同一主機(jī)，主要用于本地集成、命令行工具等場(chǎng)景。

SSE方式是基于HTTP協(xié)議，MCP Client遠(yuǎn)程調(diào)用MCP Server提供的SSE服務(wù)。實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶端和服務(wù)端遠(yuǎn)程通信。

SSE Server

spring-ai-starter-mcp-server-webflux 基于WebFlux SSE 實(shí)現(xiàn)SSE Server。

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-server-webflux</artifactId>
</dependency>

MCP 服務(wù)端功能支持基于 Spring WebFlux 的 SSE（服務(wù)器發(fā)送事件）服務(wù)器傳輸和可選的 STDIO 傳輸。

1.新建Spring Boot項(xiàng)目

使用https://start.spring.io/新建項(xiàng)目，引入以下依賴。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>3.4.4</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.mcp.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>mcp-webflux-server-example</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>mcp-webflux-server-example</name>
	<description>mcp-webflux-server-example</description>
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-ai-bom</artifactId>
				<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-server-webflux</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<name>Central Portal Snapshots</name>
			<id>central-portal-snapshots</id>
			<url>https://central.sonatype.com/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
			<releases>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</releases>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>true</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
			<releases>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</releases>
		</repository>
	</repositories>
</project>

2.application.yaml配置

spring:
  ai:
    mcp:
      server:
        name: webflux-mcp-server
        version: 1.0.0
        type: ASYNC  # Recommended for reactive applications
        sse-message-endpoint: /mcp/messages

定義MCP名稱和版本號(hào)以及同步或異步配置。

3.定義工具類

@Service
public class DateTimeService {
    @Tool(description = "Get the current date and time in the user's timezone")
    String getCurrentDateTime() {
        return LocalDateTime.now().atZone(LocaleContextHolder.getTimeZone().toZoneId()).toString();
    }
    @Tool(description = "Set a user alarm for the given time, provided in ISO-8601 format")
     String setAlarm(String time) {
        LocalDateTime alarmTime = LocalDateTime.parse(time, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME);
        return "Alarm set for " + alarmTime;
    }
}

定義二個(gè)工具：

1.獲取當(dāng)前日期和時(shí)間

2.設(shè)置提醒功能

4.暴露工具

@Configuration
public class McpWebFluxServiceExampleConfig {
    @Bean
    public ToolCallbackProvider dateTimeTools(DateTimeService dateTimeService) {
        return MethodToolCallbackProvider.builder().toolObjects(dateTimeService).build();
    }
}

5.啟動(dòng)MCP Server項(xiàng)目

啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目發(fā)現(xiàn)注冊(cè)的兩個(gè)工具成功，可以端可以發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)工具。到此MCP Server服務(wù)完成，SSE的端點(diǎn)路徑：http://localhost:9090，接下來(lái)是客戶端連接使用服務(wù)端提供的工具。

6.MCP Client連接MCP Server

1.新建Spring Boot項(xiàng)目，然后引入starter

     <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

完整pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.mcp.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>mcp-client-example</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>mcp-client-example</name>
    <description>mcp-client-example</description>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-ai-bom</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-openai-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <name>Central Portal Snapshots</name>
            <id>central-portal-snapshots</id>
            <url>https://central.sonatype.com/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
</project>

2.配置

spring:
  ai:
    openai:
      api-key: 你自己密鑰
      base-url: https://api.siliconflow.cn
      chat:
        options:
          model: Qwen/Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct
    mcp:
      client:
        sse:
          connections:
            server1:
              url: http://localhost:9090
        toolcallback:
          enabled: true
server:
  port: 9091

配置文件內(nèi)容，大模型配置方便測(cè)試工具使用，mcp服務(wù)端設(shè)置就是mcp server提供的sse端點(diǎn)。

toolcalback.enable=true 自動(dòng)注入Spring AI ToolCallbackProvider。

3.測(cè)試

package com.mcp.example.mcpclientexample;
import io.modelcontextprotocol.client.McpAsyncClient;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.ai.chat.client.ChatClient;
import org.springframework.ai.mcp.SyncMcpToolCallbackProvider;
import org.springframework.ai.tool.ToolCallback;
import org.springframework.ai.tool.ToolCallbackProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
@SpringBootApplication
public class McpClientExampleApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Resource
    private ToolCallbackProvider tools;
    @Resource
    ChatClient.Builder chatClientBuilder;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(McpClientExampleApplication.class, args);
    }
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        var chatClient = chatClientBuilder
                .defaultTools(tools)
                .build();
        String content = chatClient.prompt("10分鐘后，設(shè)置一個(gè)鬧鈴。").call().content();
        System.out.println(content);
        String content1 = chatClient.prompt("明天星期幾?").call().content();
        System.out.println(content1);
    }
}

運(yùn)行客戶端項(xiàng)目：

結(jié)果表明定義的工具大模型根據(jù)用戶的提問，選擇了合適的工具進(jìn)行回答。

STDIO Server

標(biāo)準(zhǔn) MCP 服務(wù)器,通過(guò) STDIO 服務(wù)器傳輸支持完整的 MCP 服務(wù)器功能。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

1.創(chuàng)建Server項(xiàng)目

新建Spring Boot項(xiàng)目引入以下依賴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>3.4.4</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.mcp.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>mcp-stdio-server-example</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>mcp-stdio-server-example</name>
	<description>mcp-stdio-server-example</description>
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-ai-bom</artifactId>
				<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-ai-starter-mcp-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<name>Central Portal Snapshots</name>
			<id>central-portal-snapshots</id>
			<url>https://central.sonatype.com/repository/maven-snapshots/</url>
			<releases>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</releases>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>true</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-snapshots</id>
			<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
			<releases>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</releases>
		</repository>
	</repositories>
</project>

配置文件application.yaml

spring:
  ai:
    mcp:
      server:
        name: stdio-mcp-server
        version: 1.0.0
        stdio: true
  main:
    banner-mode: off
    web-application-type: none
logging:
  pattern:
    console:
server:
  port: 9090

main:
banner-mode: off
web-application-type: none 這個(gè)配置非常關(guān)鍵，否則client與server通信會(huì)提示json解析有問題。這個(gè)必須關(guān)掉。

2.新建工具

與sse server一樣，新建DateTimeTool并注冊(cè)。

3.打包項(xiàng)目

STDIO方式server和client之間是進(jìn)程間通信，所以需要把server打包成jar，以便client命令啟動(dòng)執(zhí)行，或者三方客戶端命令啟動(dòng)執(zhí)行。將server jar放到一個(gè)指定目錄，如下所示：

target/mcp-stdio-server-example.jar

4.創(chuàng)建client項(xiàng)目

直接使用上面sse server使用的 Clinet，修改對(duì)應(yīng)配置文件application.yaml和新建mcp-server配置json。
mcp-servers-config.json。

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "stdio-mcp-server": {
      "command": "java",
      "args": [
        "-Dspring.ai.mcp.server.stdio=true",
        "-Dspring.main.web-application-type=none",
        "-jar",
        "mcp server正確的路徑 ../mcp-stdio-server-example-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar"
      ],
      "env": {}
    }
  }
}

application.yaml

spring:
  ai:
    openai:
      api-key: sk-qwkegvacbfpsctyhfgakxlwfnklinwjunjyfmonnxddmcixr
      base-url: https://api.siliconflow.cn
      chat:
        options:
          model: Qwen/Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct
    mcp:
      client:
#        sse:
#          connections:
#            server1:
#              url: http://localhost:9090
         stdio:
           root-change-notification: false
           servers-configuration: classpath:/mcp-servers-config.json
         toolcallback:
          enabled: true
server:
  port: 9091

5.啟動(dòng)客戶端

到此這篇關(guān)于Spring AI 實(shí)現(xiàn) STDIO和SSE MCP Server的過(guò)程詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Spring AI STDIO和SSE MCP Server內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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