Java導(dǎo)出Excel動態(tài)表頭的示例詳解

更新時間：2025年02月07日 10:18:25 作者：伏顏.

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了Java導(dǎo)出Excel動態(tài)表頭的相關(guān)知識,文中的示例代碼簡潔易懂,具有一定的借鑒價值,有需要的小伙伴可以了解下

前言

本文只記錄大致思路以及做法，代碼不進(jìn)行詳細(xì)輸出

場景：

模板導(dǎo)出

1.按照模板內(nèi)容類型分組(分sheet)：1.文本消息;2.文本卡片;3.富文本;4.圖文

2.每個類型的動態(tài)參數(shù)不同，即為每個sheet的表頭不同

一、效果展示

二、代碼實現(xiàn)

1.固定頭實體類

@Data
@ApiModel
@ExcelIgnoreUnannotated
// @HeadRowHeight(value = 50)
// @ContentRowHeight(value = 50)
@ColumnWidth(value = 20)
public class MsgModuleInfoDTO {
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板id")
    private Long id;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板ids")
    private List<Long> ids;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板編碼")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "模板編碼")
    private String code;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板名稱")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "模板名稱")
    private String name;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板關(guān)聯(lián)的渠道內(nèi)容類型Code")
    private String contentTypeCode;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板關(guān)聯(lián)的渠道內(nèi)容類型Value")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "內(nèi)容類型")
    private String contentTypeValue;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "業(yè)務(wù)場景")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "業(yè)務(wù)場景")
    private String condition;
 
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "所屬應(yīng)用id")
    private Integer appId;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "所屬應(yīng)用名稱")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "所屬應(yīng)用")
    private String appName;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否啟用（1：啟用 ；0：不啟用）")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "是否啟用")
    private Integer isEnable;
 
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "app_消息跳轉(zhuǎn)url")
    private String appUrl;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "pc_消息跳轉(zhuǎn)url")
    private String pcUrl;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板標(biāo)題")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "模板標(biāo)題")
    private String title;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板內(nèi)容")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "模板內(nèi)容")
    private String content;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "富文本模板內(nèi)容")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "富文本模板內(nèi)容")
    private String richContent;
 
    private MessageTemplateDynamicProperties dynamicProperties;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "修改時間")
    private LocalDateTime lastUpdateTime;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "修改者用戶ID")
    private Long lastUpdateUser;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "修改者用戶名稱")
    private String lastUpdateUserName;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "是否系統(tǒng)預(yù)設(shè)(1：是；0：不是)")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "是否系統(tǒng)預(yù)設(shè)", converter = MsgSystemConverter.class)
    private Integer isSystemType;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板類型編碼")
    private String msgFormCode;
 
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "模板類型名稱")
    @ExcelProperty(value = "模板類型")
    private String msgFormName;
 
}

2.動態(tài)頭實現(xiàn)

@Getter
@RequiredArgsConstructor(staticName = "of")
public class CodeAndValue {
    private final String code;
    private final String name;
    private final Object value;
}
/**
    渠道動態(tài)配置屬性數(shù)據(jù)提供接口 
*/
public interface DynamicPropertiesGenerator {
    /**
     * 獲取動態(tài)配置字段信息
     *
     * @return List<DynamicProperties>
     */
    @ApiModelProperty(hidden = true)
    @JsonIgnore
    List<CodeAndValue> getDynamicPropertiesList();
}
 
@ApiModel("模板動態(tài)字段配置數(shù)據(jù)")
@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, property = "contentType")
@JsonSubTypes(value = {
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = MessageRichTextConfigurationDynamicProperties.class, name = "richTextMessage"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = MessageTextConfigurationDynamicProperties.class, name = "textMessage"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = MessageCardConfigurationDynamicProperties.class, name = "textCardMessage"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = MessagePictureConfigurationDynamicProperties.class, name = "pictureMessage")
})
public interface MessageTemplateDynamicProperties extends DynamicPropertiesGenerator {
}

MessageRichTextConfigurationDynamicProperties 富文本動態(tài)參數(shù)

@Getter
public class MessageRichTextConfigurationDynamicProperties implements MessageTemplateDynamicProperties {
    private final List<CodeAndValue> dynamicPropertiesList;
    @JsonIgnore
    private final MessageRichConfiguration messageCardConfiguration;
 
    @JsonCreator
    public MessageRichTextConfigurationDynamicProperties(@JsonProperty String messagePlatformRedirectUri,
                                                         @JsonProperty Boolean messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo,
                                                         @JsonProperty String agileAppRedirectUri,
                                                         @JsonProperty String agileMainRedirectUri) {
        this.messageCardConfiguration = new MessageRichConfiguration(messagePlatformRedirectUri, messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo, agileAppRedirectUri, agileMainRedirectUri);
        this.dynamicPropertiesList = DynamicValueUtil.configurationToDynamicProperties(messageCardConfiguration, Mapper.values());
    }
 
    public String getMessagePlatformRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getMessagePlatformRedirectUri();
    }
 
    public Boolean getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo();
    }
 
    public String getAgileAppRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getAgileAppRedirectUri();
    }
 
    public String getAgileMainRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getAgileMainRedirectUri();
    }
 
 
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class MessageRichConfiguration {
        @ExcelProperty(value = "第三方平臺富文本消息鏈接跳轉(zhuǎn)地址")
        private String messagePlatformRedirectUri;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "第三方平臺富文本消息鏈接跳轉(zhuǎn)是否攜帶agile用戶信息")
        private Boolean messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "Agile H5跳轉(zhuǎn)地址")
        private String agileAppRedirectUri;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "Agile PC跳轉(zhuǎn)地址")
        private String agileMainRedirectUri;
    }
 
    @Getter
    @RequiredArgsConstructor
    enum Mapper implements DynamicValueMapper {
        MESSAGE_PLATFORM_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageRichConfiguration::getMessagePlatformRedirectUri), "第三方平臺富文本消息鏈接跳轉(zhuǎn)地址"),
 
        MESSAGE_PLATFORM_REDIRECT_WITH_AGILE_USERINFO(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageRichConfiguration::getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo), "第三方平臺富文本消息鏈接跳轉(zhuǎn)是否攜帶agile用戶信息"),
 
        AGILE_APP_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageRichConfiguration::getAgileAppRedirectUri), "Agile H5跳轉(zhuǎn)地址"),
 
        AGILE_MAIN_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageRichConfiguration::getAgileMainRedirectUri), "Agile PC跳轉(zhuǎn)地址"),
        ;
        private final String code;
        private final String name;
    }
}

MessageCardConfigurationDynamicProperties 文本卡片動態(tài)參數(shù)

@Getter
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class MessageCardConfigurationDynamicProperties implements MessageTemplateDynamicProperties {
    private final List<CodeAndValue> dynamicPropertiesList;
    @JsonIgnore
    private final MessageCardConfiguration messageCardConfiguration;
 
    @JsonCreator
    public MessageCardConfigurationDynamicProperties(@JsonProperty Boolean enableOauth2Link,
                                                     @JsonProperty String btnTxt,
                                                     @JsonProperty String messagePlatformRedirectUri,
                                                     @JsonProperty Boolean messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo,
                                                     @JsonProperty String agileAppRedirectUri,
                                                     @JsonProperty String agileMainRedirectUri) {
        this.messageCardConfiguration = new MessageCardConfiguration(enableOauth2Link, btnTxt, messagePlatformRedirectUri, messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo,
                agileAppRedirectUri, agileMainRedirectUri);
        this.dynamicPropertiesList = DynamicValueUtil.configurationToDynamicProperties(messageCardConfiguration, Mapper.values());
    }
 
    public Boolean getEnableOauth2Link() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getEnableOauth2Link();
    }
 
    public String getBtnTxt() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getBtnTxt();
    }
 
    public String getMessagePlatformRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getMessagePlatformRedirectUri();
    }
 
    public Boolean getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo();
    }
 
    public String getAgileAppRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getAgileAppRedirectUri();
    }
 
    public String getAgileMainRedirectUri() {
        return messageCardConfiguration.getAgileMainRedirectUri();
    }
 
    @Data
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @NoArgsConstructor
    public static class MessageCardConfiguration {
        @ExcelProperty(value = "是否開啟跳轉(zhuǎn)鏈接")
        private Boolean enableOauth2Link;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "卡片消息跳轉(zhuǎn)描述")
        private String btnTxt;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "平臺跳轉(zhuǎn)鏈接")
        private String messagePlatformRedirectUri;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "是否攜帶Agile用戶信息")
        private Boolean messagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "Agile H5跳轉(zhuǎn)地址")
        private String agileAppRedirectUri;
        @ExcelProperty(value = "Agile PC跳轉(zhuǎn)地址")
        private String agileMainRedirectUri;
    }
 
    @Getter
    @RequiredArgsConstructor
    enum Mapper implements DynamicValueMapper {
        ENABLE_OAUTH2_LINK(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getEnableOauth2Link), "跳轉(zhuǎn)鏈接開啟Oauth2授權(quán)"),
        BTN_TXT(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getBtnTxt), "卡片消息跳轉(zhuǎn)描述"),
        MESSAGE_PLATFORM_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getMessagePlatformRedirectUri), "平臺跳轉(zhuǎn)鏈接"),
        MESSAGE_PLATFORM_REDIRECT_WITH_AGILE_USERINFO(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getMessagePlatformRedirectWithAgileUserInfo), "是否攜帶Agile用戶信息"),
        AGILE_APP_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getAgileAppRedirectUri), "Agile H5 跳轉(zhuǎn)路由"),
        AGILE_MAIN_REDIRECT_URI(LambdaUtil.getFieldName(MessageCardConfiguration::getAgileMainRedirectUri), "Agile PC 跳轉(zhuǎn)路由"),
        ;
        private final String code;
        private final String name;
    }
}

3.導(dǎo)出動態(tài)頭

/**
     * 按照模板內(nèi)容類型分組(分sheet)：1.文本消息;2.文本卡片;3.富文本;4.圖文
     *
     * @param queryDto 查詢條件
     * @param response 響應(yīng)
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:30:17
     */
    @Override
    @SneakyThrows
    public void exportExcel(QueryMsgModuleInfoDTO queryDto, HttpServletResponse response) {
 
        log.info("【模板導(dǎo)出】導(dǎo)出模板數(shù)據(jù),傳入?yún)?shù)[queryDto = {}]", queryDto);
 
        // 獲取模板數(shù)據(jù)
        Page<MsgModuleInfoEntity> page = convertPageBean(new Paging(1, -1));
        List<MsgModuleInfoDTO> moduleList = msgModuleInfoMapper.selectPageInfo(queryDto, page);
 
        if (CollUtil.isEmpty(moduleList)) {
            log.info("【模板導(dǎo)出】查詢不到可導(dǎo)出的模板,傳入?yún)?shù)[queryDto = {}]", JsonUtil.toJson(queryDto));
            response.setContentType("application/json");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(ApiResult.failMessage("沒有數(shù)據(jù)可以導(dǎo)出")));
            return;
        }
 
        // 設(shè)置響應(yīng)
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
        String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("消息模板_" + System.currentTimeMillis(), "UTF-8");
        response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".xlsx");
 
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = null;
        ExcelWriter excelWriter = null;
 
        try {
            outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
            excelWriter = EasyExcel.write(outputStream).build();
 
            // 按內(nèi)容類型分組
            Map<String, List<MsgModuleInfoDTO>> contentMap = moduleList.stream()
                    .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(MsgModuleInfoDTO::getContentTypeCode));
 
            for (Map.Entry<String, List<MsgModuleInfoDTO>> entry : contentMap.entrySet()) {
                String contentType = entry.getKey();
                String sheetName = MsgEnum.ContentType.getLabelByKey(contentType);
 
                List<MsgModuleInfoDTO> items = entry.getValue();
 
                // 動態(tài)生成表頭
                Map<String, Field> headMap = this.generateHeader(items);
                List<List<String>> head = headMap.keySet().stream()
                        .map(Collections::singletonList)
                        .collect(Collectors.toList());
 
                // 提取數(shù)據(jù)行
                List<List<Object>> dataList = this.obtainExportData(items, headMap);
                // 寫入數(shù)據(jù)到不同的 sheet 使用動態(tài)生成的表頭
                WriteSheet writeSheet = EasyExcel.writerSheet(sheetName)
                        .head(head)
                        .registerWriteHandler(new CustomColumnWidthStyleStrategy())
                        .build();
                excelWriter.write(dataList, writeSheet);
 
            }
 
            // 刷新輸出流
            outputStream.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("導(dǎo)出模板數(shù)據(jù)失敗", e);
            response.reset();
            response.setContentType("application/json");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            response.getWriter().println(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(ApiResult.failMessage("下載文件失敗")));
        } finally {
            // 關(guān)閉 ExcelWriter
            if (excelWriter != null) {
                excelWriter.finish();
            }
            // 關(guān)閉輸出流
            if (outputStream != null) {
                try {
                    outputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    log.error("關(guān)閉輸出流失敗", e);
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 提取數(shù)據(jù)行
     *
     * @param items
     * @param headMap
     * @return {@link List }<{@link List }<{@link Object }>>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:59:11
     */
    private List<List<Object>> obtainExportData(List<MsgModuleInfoDTO> items, Map<String, Field> headMap) {
        List<List<Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (MsgModuleInfoDTO item : items) {
            List<Object> dataListRow = new ArrayList<>();
            // 填充固定字段
            for (Map.Entry<String, Field> entryField : headMap.entrySet()) {
                String fieldName = entryField.getKey();
                Field field = entryField.getValue();
                if (field != null) {
                    // 固定字段通過反射獲取
                    try {
                        field.setAccessible(true);
                        Object value = field.get(item);
                        dataListRow.add(this.convertValue(value));
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        log.error("反射獲取字段值失敗: {}", fieldName, e);
                        dataListRow.add("");
                    }
                } else {
                    // 動態(tài)字段通過getDynamicProperties獲取
                    Object value = Optional.ofNullable(item.getDynamicProperties())
                            .map(MessageTemplateDynamicProperties::getDynamicPropertiesList)
                            .orElse(Collections.emptyList())
                            .stream()
                            .filter(cv -> cv.getName().equals(fieldName))
                            .findFirst()
                            .map(CodeAndValue::getValue)
                            .orElse("");
                    dataListRow.add(this.convertValue(value));
                }
            }
            dataList.add(dataListRow);
        }
        return dataList;
    }
 
    /**
     * 生成Excel表頭結(jié)構(gòu)
     *
     * @param items 模板數(shù)據(jù)
     * @return {@link Map }<{@link String }, {@link Field }>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:30:06
     */
    private Map<String, Field> generateHeader(List<MsgModuleInfoDTO> items) {
 
        // 1. 固定字段（通過反射獲取DTO的@ExcelProperty）
        Map<String, Field> headerMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(this.getExcelHeader(MsgModuleInfoDTO.class));
 
        // 2. 動態(tài)字段（直接從dynamicPropertiesList提取code）
        if (CollUtil.isNotEmpty(items)) {
            MsgModuleInfoDTO firstItem = items.get(0);
            MessageTemplateDynamicProperties dynamicProperties = firstItem.getDynamicProperties();
            if (dynamicProperties != null && CollUtil.isNotEmpty(dynamicProperties.getDynamicPropertiesList())) {
                // 去重處理code，避免重復(fù)表頭
                dynamicProperties.getDynamicPropertiesList().stream()
                        .map(CodeAndValue::getName)
                        .distinct()
                        .forEach(name -> headerMap.putIfAbsent(name, null));
            }
        }
        return headerMap;
    }
 
    /**
     * 工具方法：獲取類中帶有@ExcelProperty注解的字段
     *
     * @param clazz 類
     * @return {@link Map }<{@link String }, {@link Field }>
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:29:55
     */
    private Map<String, Field> getExcelHeader(Class<?> clazz) {
        Map<String, Field> fieldMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(ExcelProperty.class)) {
                ExcelProperty excelProperty = field.getAnnotation(ExcelProperty.class);
                // 獲取注解中的字段名稱
                fieldMap.put(excelProperty.value()[0], field);
            }
        }
        return fieldMap;
    }
 
    /**
     * 轉(zhuǎn)換字段值為字符串
     *
     * @param value
     * @return {@link Object }
     * @author zhumq
     * @date 2025/01/22 14:50:16
     */
    private Object convertValue(Object value) {
        if (value instanceof Boolean) {
            return (Boolean) value ? "是" : "否";
        } else if (value instanceof Integer) {
            return (Integer) value == 1 ? "是" : "否";
        } else if (value == null) {
            return "";
        }
        return value;
    }

到此這篇關(guān)于Java導(dǎo)出Excel動態(tài)表頭的示例詳解的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Java導(dǎo)出Excel動態(tài)表頭內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！

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