Qt中線程常用通信方式介紹

更新時間：2025年01月15日 08:35:16 作者：雲(yún)煙

Qt中,線程通信無處不在,最核心的特性信號槽就是一種線程間通信,這篇文章主要為大家介紹了幾種常用的方式,需要的小伙伴可以參考一下

項目場景

Qt中，線程通信無處不在，最核心的特性信號槽就是一種線程間通信，安全可靠易用。除此之外，還有別的幾種常用的方式：

QMutex

互斥鎖，可以保護共享的數(shù)據(jù)訪問，例如對共享數(shù)據(jù)globalCounter得讀寫，可以保證數(shù)據(jù)的唯一和安全。

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QThread>
#include <QMutex>
#include <QDebug>
 
QMutex mutex;
int globalCounter = 0;
 
class Worker : public QThread {
protected:
    void run() override {
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {
            mutex.lock();
            ++globalCounter;
            mutex.unlock();
        }
    }
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    Worker worker1, worker2;
    worker1.start();
    worker2.start();
 
    worker1.wait();
    worker2.wait();
 
    qDebug() << "Global counter:" << globalCounter;
 
    return 0;
}

QWaitCondition

條件等待通常與QMutex搭配使用，本質是等待某一線程釋放mutex后，別的線程才可以使用，添加了事件執(zhí)行條件，可以避免同一時間多個線程同時訪問同一變量。

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QThread>
#include <QMutex>
#include <QWaitCondition>
#include <QDebug>
 
QMutex mutex;
QWaitCondition condition;
bool ready = false;
 
class Producer : public QThread {
protected:
    void run() override {
        mutex.lock();
        qDebug() << "Producer is producing.";
        ready = true;
        condition.wakeOne();
        mutex.unlock();
    }
};
 
class Consumer : public QThread {
protected:
    void run() override {
        mutex.lock();
        if (!ready) {
            condition.wait(&mutex);
        }
        qDebug() << "Consumer is consuming.";
        mutex.unlock();
    }
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    Producer producer;
    Consumer consumer;
 
    consumer.start();
    producer.start();
 
    consumer.wait();
    producer.wait();
 
    return 0;
}

QSemaphore

信號量可以控制訪問特定資源的線程數(shù)量。

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QThread>
#include <QSemaphore>
#include <QDebug>
 
QSemaphore semaphore(3); // 允許同時訪問資源的數(shù)量
 
class Worker : public QThread {
protected:
    void run() override {
        semaphore.acquire();
        qDebug() << "Worker is accessing resource in thread:" << QThread::currentThread();
        QThread::sleep(1); // 模擬工作
        semaphore.release();
    }
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    Worker workers[10];
    for (auto &worker : workers) {
        worker.start();
    }
 
    for (auto &worker : workers) {
        worker.wait();
    }
 
    return 0;
}

QEvent

使用事件隊列傳遞和處理，實現(xiàn)線程間的通信。

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QThread>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QEvent>
#include <QApplication>
 
class CustomEvent : public QEvent {
public:
    static const QEvent::Type EventType = static_cast<QEvent::Type>(QEvent::User + 1);
    CustomEvent(const QString &message) : QEvent(EventType), message(message) {}
    QString message;
};
 
class EventReceiver : public QObject {
protected:
    bool event(QEvent *event) override {
        if (event->type() == CustomEvent::EventType) {
            CustomEvent *customEvent = static_cast<CustomEvent *>(event);
            qDebug() << "Received custom event with message:" << customEvent->message;
            return true;
        }
        return QObject::event(event);
    }
};
 
class EventSender : public QThread {
protected:
    void run() override {
        QThread::sleep(1);
        qApp->postEvent(receiver, new CustomEvent("Hello from another thread!"));
    }
public:
    EventReceiver *receiver;
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    EventReceiver receiver;
    EventSender sender;
    sender.receiver = &receiver;
 
    sender.start();
    sender.wait();
 
    return app.exec();
}

以上就是Qt中線程常用通信方式介紹的詳細內(nèi)容，更多關于Qt線程通信的資料請關注腳本之家其它相關文章！

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