詳解Qt如何使用QtWebApp搭建Http服務器

更新時間：2024年12月30日 10:47:19 作者：小灰灰搞電子

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了Qt如何使用QtWebApp搭建Http服務器,文中的示例代碼講解詳細,感興趣的小伙伴可以跟隨小編一起學習一下

一、QtWebApp源碼下載

a 、下載地址

http://www.stefanfrings.de/qtwebapp/QtWebApp.zip

b、源碼目錄

二、http服務器搭建

a、使用qt creater新建一個項目

b、將QtWebApp的源碼拷貝到工程中

c、新建一個httpServer的類，繼承stefanfrings::HttpRequestHandler

需要包含相關頭文件

#include <QObject>
#include "httpserver/httprequesthandler.h"
#include <QSettings>
#include "httpserver/httplistener.h"	//新增代碼
#include "httpserver/httprequesthandler.h"	//新增代碼
#include "httpserver/staticfilecontroller.h"
#include "httpserver.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QFileInfo>

httpServer.h

#ifndef HTTPSERVER_H
#define HTTPSERVER_H

#include <QObject>
#include "httpserver/httprequesthandler.h"
#include <QSettings>
#include "httpserver/httplistener.h"	//新增代碼
#include "httpserver/httprequesthandler.h"	//新增代碼
#include "httpserver/staticfilecontroller.h"
#include "httpserver.h"
#include <QFile>
#include <QFileInfo>

class HttpServer : public stefanfrings::HttpRequestHandler
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit HttpServer(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    void service(stefanfrings::HttpRequest& request, stefanfrings::HttpResponse& response);

    /** Encoding of text files */
    QString encoding;

    /** Root directory of documents */
    QString docroot;

    /** Maximum age of files in the browser cache */
    int maxAge;

    struct CacheEntry {
        QByteArray document;
        qint64 created;
        QByteArray filename;
    };

    /** Timeout for each cached file */
    int cacheTimeout;

    /** Maximum size of files in cache, larger files are not cached */
    int maxCachedFileSize;

    /** Cache storage */
    QCache<QString,CacheEntry> cache;

    /** Used to synchronize cache access for threads */
    QMutex mutex;
};

#endif // HTTPSERVER_H

httpServer.cpp

#include "httpserver.h"

HttpServer::HttpServer(QObject *parent)
    : HttpRequestHandler{parent}
{

    QString configFileName=":/new/prefix1/webapp.ini";
    QSettings* listenerSettings=new QSettings(configFileName, QSettings::IniFormat, this);
    listenerSettings->beginGroup("listener");	//新增代碼

    new stefanfrings::HttpListener(listenerSettings, this, this);	//新增代碼

    docroot = "E:/Qt/learning/httpServer/HttpServer";
}

void HttpServer::service(stefanfrings::HttpRequest &request, stefanfrings::HttpResponse &response)
{
    QByteArray path=request.getPath();
    // Check if we have the file in cache
    qint64 now=QDateTime::currentMSecsSinceEpoch();
    mutex.lock();
    CacheEntry* entry=cache.object(path);
    if (entry && (cacheTimeout==0 || entry->created>now-cacheTimeout))
    {
        QByteArray document=entry->document; //copy the cached document, because other threads may destroy the cached entry immediately after mutex unlock.
        QByteArray filename=entry->filename;
        mutex.unlock();
        qDebug("StaticFileController: Cache hit for %s",path.data());
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-zip-compressed");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control","max-age="+QByteArray::number(maxAge/1000));
        response.write(document,true);
    }
    else
    {
        mutex.unlock();
        // The file is not in cache.
        qDebug("StaticFileController: Cache miss for %s",path.data());
        // Forbid access to files outside the docroot directory
        if (path.contains("/.."))
        {
            qWarning("StaticFileController: detected forbidden characters in path %s",path.data());
            response.setStatus(403,"forbidden");
            response.write("403 forbidden",true);
            return;
        }
        // If the filename is a directory, append index.html.
        if (QFileInfo(docroot+path).isDir())
        {
            response.setStatus(404,"not found");
            response.write("404 not found",true);
            return;
        }
        // Try to open the file
        QFile file(docroot+path);
        qDebug("StaticFileController: Open file %s",qPrintable(file.fileName()));
        if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
        {
            response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-zip-compressed");
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control","max-age="+QByteArray::number(maxAge/1000));
            response.setHeader("Content-Length",QByteArray::number(file.size()));
            if (file.size()<=maxCachedFileSize)
            {
                // Return the file content and store it also in the cache
                entry=new CacheEntry();
                while (!file.atEnd() && !file.error())
                {
                    QByteArray buffer=file.read(65536);
                    response.write(buffer);
                    entry->document.append(buffer);
                }
                entry->created=now;
                entry->filename=path;
                mutex.lock();
                cache.insert(request.getPath(),entry,entry->document.size());
                mutex.unlock();
            }
            else
            {
                // Return the file content, do not store in cache
                while (!file.atEnd() && !file.error())
                {
                    response.write(file.read(65536));
                }
            }
            file.close();
        }
        else {
            if (file.exists())
            {
                qWarning("StaticFileController: Cannot open existing file %s for reading",qPrintable(file.fileName()));
                response.setStatus(403,"forbidden");
                response.write("403 forbidden",true);
            }
            else
            {
                response.setStatus(404,"not found");
                response.write("404 not found",true);
            }
        }
    }

}

程序中

    QString configFileName=":/new/prefix1/webapp.ini";
    QSettings* listenerSettings=new QSettings(configFileName, QSettings::IniFormat, this);
    listenerSettings->beginGroup("listener");	//新增代碼

    new stefanfrings::HttpListener(listenerSettings, this, this);	//新增代碼

    docroot = "E:/Qt/learning/httpServer/HttpServer";

configFileName為配置文件內容如下：

[listener]
;host=127.0.0.1
port=8080
minThreads=4
maxThreads=100
cleanupInterval=60000
readTimeout=60000
maxRequestSize=16000
maxMultiPartSize=10000000

[docroot]
path=E:/Qt/learning/httpServer/HttpServer
encoding=UTF-8
maxAge=60000
cacheTime=60000
cacheSize=1000000
maxCachedFileSize=65536

docroot 為文件的根目錄

三、啟動http服務器

在mainwindow中新建一個HttpServer 變量，然后實例化，

此時http服務器已經啟動了。

四、獲取http服務器文件

a、打開瀏覽器輸入http://localhost:8080/filename就能下載到文件名為filename的文件了。

b、我的程序中只實現(xiàn)了zip文件，如果是其他類型文件需要修改一下地方

為

void StaticFileController::setContentType(const QString fileName, HttpResponse &response) const
{
    if (fileName.endsWith(".png"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/png");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".jpg"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/jpeg");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".gif"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/gif");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".pdf"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/pdf");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".txt"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", qPrintable("text/plain; charset="+encoding));
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".html") || fileName.endsWith(".htm"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", qPrintable("text/html; charset="+encoding));
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".css"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/css");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".js"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/javascript");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".svg"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "image/svg+xml");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".woff"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "font/woff");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".woff2"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "font/woff2");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".ttf"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-font-ttf");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".eot"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/vnd.ms-fontobject");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".otf"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/font-otf");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".json"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    }
    else if (fileName.endsWith(".xml"))
    {
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml");
    }
    // Todo: add all of your content types
    else
    {
        qDebug("StaticFileController: unknown MIME type for filename '%s'", qPrintable(fileName));
    }
}

c、下載的源碼中有官方的例程可供參考

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