Maven編譯Fatal?error?compiling:無效的目標發(fā)行版:11問題及解決

更新時間：2024年12月27日 09:56:29 作者：困知勉行1985

在Java11中編譯Springboot工程時遇到問題,解決方法是在pom.xml文件中指定Maven的Java編譯器版本,可以使用MavenJava編譯器屬性或插件,在Java9及以后的版本中,也要使用插件并設置release屬性

Maven編譯Fatal error compiling:無效的目標發(fā)行版:11

安裝了Java11后，用其編譯多個Springboot工程，老是失敗，后來發(fā)現所有工程指定了java版本為java8，于是乎卸載了java11，安裝了java8，再去編譯。

其中某個工程在之前用java11編譯的時候沒有任何問題，但是換成java8后出現了以下錯誤：

具體信息：

F:\Digital marketing\workspace-scrm\workspace-scrm\wit-gateway-app>mvn clean install package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/tcloud/scrm/common-dependencies/3.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Downloaded from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/tcloud/scrm/common-dependencies/3.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (621 B at 3.8 kB/s)
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------< net.trueland.tcloud.scrm:tcloud-gateway >---------------
[INFO] Building tcloud-gateway 3.1.0
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
Downloading from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/commons/1.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Downloaded from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/commons/1.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (983 B at 16 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/tcloud/scrm/common-base/3.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml
Downloaded from nexus: http://......:8051/repository/maven-public/net/trueland/tcloud/scrm/common-base/3.1-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml (996 B at 15 kB/s)
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ tcloud-gateway ---
[INFO] Deleting F:\Digital marketing\wit-gateway-app\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources) @ tcloud-gateway ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered properties files.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] Copying 6 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ tcloud-gateway ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 14 source files to F:\Digital marketing\workspace-scrm\wit-gateway-app\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.305 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-01-12T08:43:21+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) on project tcloud-gateway: Fatal error compiling: 無效的目標發(fā)行版: 11 -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

從網上查了查資料，需要指定Maven的java編譯器版本：

1.在Java 8和更早版本中指定Maven的Java編譯器

在Java 8 和更早版本開始，可以通過兩種方式在Maven POM文件中設置Java編譯器版本：

通過Maven Java編譯器屬性。
通過Maven Java編譯器插件。

下面將具體說明這兩種在Maven中設置Java編譯器版本的方法。

Maven Java編譯器屬性

最簡單的方法是通過Maven Java編譯器屬性。

在我們工程的pom.xml文件中進行設置，這些屬性必須包含在POM文件的properties元素中。

<properties>
  <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
</properties>

下面是一個具體的例子：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.bruce</groupId>
    <artifactId>wit-example</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Maven Java編譯器插件

第二種方式是通過插件：

<build>
  <plugins>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>3.6.1</version>
      <configuration>
        <source>1.8</source>
        <target>1.8</target>
      </configuration>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
</build>

下面是一個具體的例子：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.bruce</groupId>
    <artifactId>wit-example</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.0</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.6.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2.在Java 9及以后的版本中指定Maven的Java編譯器

在Java 9和更高版本中，也要使用插件，但是要用release屬性來代替source和target屬性。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.8.0</version>
    <configuration>
        <release>11</release>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

Note：Maven Java編譯器插件的版本已從3.6.1更改為3.8.0