/**
     * 處理接收到的設(shè)備數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)類型進(jìn)行不同的處理。energy數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，其他數(shù)據(jù)通過(guò)WebSocket發(fā)送到前端展示。
     * @param data 數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容
     */
    private void handleIncomingData(String data) {
        	......
            /*
                * 通過(guò)設(shè)備ID找到用戶ID, 不能通過(guò)securityContext獲取當(dāng)前用戶ID，因?yàn)檫@里是異步處理消息，不在請(qǐng)求線程中。
                * 通過(guò)securityContext獲取當(dāng)前用戶ID的方法只能在請(qǐng)求線程中使用，通常是與HTTP請(qǐng)求相關(guān)的操作才能獲取到。
                * 這里是MQTT消息處理，不在請(qǐng)求線程中，所以要通過(guò)其他方式獲取當(dāng)前用戶ID。
                * 還因?yàn)檫@里是存入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，因?yàn)橐膊荒芤蕾囄锢碓O(shè)備的用戶ID，設(shè)備不一定是存用戶ID, 降低耦合性。
               TODO: 這里是否可以改進(jìn)？
             */
            long userId = deviceMapper.findDeviceById(deviceId).getUserId();
            if (userId<=0) {//如果userId<=0，說(shuō)明沒(méi)有找到對(duì)應(yīng)的設(shè)備
                logger.error("Failed to get user id by device id: {}", deviceId);
                throw new RuntimeException("Failed to get user id by device id: " + deviceId);
            }
            Energy energy = new Energy();
            energy.setDeviceId(deviceId);
            energy.setEnergy(totalEnergy);
            energy.setRecordDate(recordDate);
            energy.setUserId(userId);
			......
    }

   @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .csrf(AbstractHttpConfigurer::disable) // disable csrf
                .authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
                        .requestMatchers("/login","/register","/verify-code","/forgot-password","/change-password").permitAll()// permit request without authentication
                        .requestMatchers("/ws/**").permitAll()// permit websocket request without authentication
                        .anyRequest().authenticated()
                )
                .addFilterBefore(jwtRequestFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                .logout(AbstractHttpConfigurer::disable);// disable logout otherwise it will conflict with our custom logout
        return http.build();
    }