Spring使用Redis限制用戶登錄失敗的次數(shù)及暫時(shí)鎖定用戶登錄權(quán)限功能
背景
前兩天被面試到這個(gè)問題,最初回答的不是很合理,登錄次數(shù)這方面記錄還一直往數(shù)據(jù)庫上面想,后來感覺在數(shù)據(jù)庫中加一個(gè)登錄日志表,來查詢一段時(shí)間內(nèi)用戶登錄的次數(shù),現(xiàn)在看來,自己還是太年輕了,做個(gè)登錄限制肯定是為了防止數(shù)據(jù)庫高并發(fā),加一個(gè)表來記錄登錄日志,這就把請求都打到數(shù)據(jù)庫了,后來看了前輩們的解決方案,可以用Redis來實(shí)現(xiàn),包括登錄次數(shù)和賬號(hào)鎖定,我最開始在回答這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候只回答到了賬號(hào)鎖定用Redis做管理,前者登錄次數(shù)回答的比較差勁,后來我也及時(shí)復(fù)盤了這次面試,就標(biāo)題的內(nèi)容做出基本實(shí)現(xiàn)
環(huán)境
Java8、MySQL8、Redis、IDEA,環(huán)境支持的同學(xué)可以參考這份代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)以下
代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)
0. 項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)圖(供參考)

1. 數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表(供參考)
SET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for login_demo_user -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `login_demo_user`; CREATE TABLE `login_demo_user` ( `id` bigint NOT NULL COMMENT '主鍵', `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用戶名', `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼', PRIMARY KEY (`id`, `username`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of login_demo_user -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `login_demo_user` VALUES (1, 'hh', 'hh'); SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
2. 依賴(pom.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<groupId>com.openallzzz</groupId>
<artifactId>logindemo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.20</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>3. 配置文件(application.yml)
server:
port: 8080
spring:
profiles:
active: dev
main:
allow-circular-references: true
datasource:
druid:
driver-class-name: ${datasource.driver-class-name}
url: jdbc:mysql://${datasource.host}:${datasource.port}/${datasource.database}?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
username: ${datasource.username}
password: ${datasource.password}
redis:
host: ${redis.host}
port: ${redis.port}
database: ${redis.database}
mybatis:
#mapper配置文件
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.openallzzz.logindemo.entity
configuration:
#開啟駝峰命名
map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
logging:
level:
com:
openallzzz:
mapper: debug
service: info
controller: info4. 配置文件(application-dev.yml)
datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver host: localhost port: 3306 database: testdb username: root password: root redis: host: localhost port: 6379 database: 1
5. UserLoginDTO
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.dto;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserLoginDTO {
private String username;
private String password;
}6. DemoConstant
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.constant;
public class DemoConstant {
// 每分鐘限制登錄的最大次數(shù)
public static final int MAX_LOGIN_TIMRS_PER_MINUTE = 5;
}7. User(后來才用的lombok,沒有統(tǒng)一寫法)
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.entity;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String password;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}8. UserMapper
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.mapper;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
@Select("select id, username, password from login_demo_user where username = #{username}")
User selectByUsername(String username);
}9. UserService(供參考)
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.service;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.constant.DemoConstant;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.dto.UserLoginDTO;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.entity.User;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.result.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
public Result<String> login(UserLoginDTO userLoginDTO) {
if (userLoginDTO == null || userLoginDTO.getUsername() == null || userLoginDTO.getPassword() == null) {
return Result.error("用戶信息不完整!");
}
String username = userLoginDTO.getUsername();
String password = userLoginDTO.getPassword();
boolean lockStatus = getLockStatus(username);
if (lockStatus) {
return Result.error("失敗次數(shù)過多,請稍后重試");
}
User user = userMapper.selectByUsername(username);
if (user.getPassword().equals(password)) {
clearLastCount(username);
clearLockStatus(username);
return Result.success();
} else {
int lastCount = getLastCount(username);
if (lastCount + 1 == DemoConstant.MAX_LOGIN_TIMRS_PER_MINUTE) {
setLockStatus(username);
return Result.error("失敗次數(shù)過多,請稍后重試");
} else {
setLastCount(username);
return Result.error("登錄失敗,請檢查用戶名或密碼,再重試");
}
}
}
private void clearLockStatus(String username) {
log.info("清除用戶鎖定狀態(tài):{}", username);
String key = "Lock" + ":" + username;
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
private void clearLastCount(String username) {
log.info("將用戶登錄次數(shù)還原:{}", username);
String key = "Count" + ":" + username;
redisTemplate.delete(key);
}
private int getLastCount(String username) {
log.info("獲取用戶一分鐘內(nèi)已經(jīng)失敗登錄了多少次:{}", username);
String key = "Count" + ":" + username;
Integer count = (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
return count == null ? 0 : count;
}
private void setLastCount(String username) {
log.info("設(shè)置用戶一分鐘內(nèi)已經(jīng)失敗登錄了多少次:{}", username);
String key = "Count" + ":" + username;
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, getLastCount(username) + 1, 1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
}
private void setLockStatus(String username) {
log.info("鎖定用戶,限制其登錄:{}", username);
String key = "Lock" + ":" + username;
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, "lock", 2, TimeUnit.HOURS);
}
private boolean getLockStatus(String username) {
log.info("獲取用戶是否被限制其登錄:{}", username);
String key = "Lock" + ":" + username;
String o = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
if ("lock".equals(o)) return true;
return false;
}
}10. UserController
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.controller;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.dto.UserLoginDTO;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.result.Result;
import com.openallzzz.logindemo.service.UserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Slf4j
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@PostMapping("/login")
public Result<String> login(@RequestBody UserLoginDTO userLoginDTO) {
log.info("用戶登錄:{}", userLoginDTO);
return userService.login(userLoginDTO);
}
}11. RedisConfig
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.config;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
@Bean(name = "redisTemplate")
public RedisTemplate<String,Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory){
RedisTemplate<String,Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
//配置連接工廠
template.setConnectionFactory(factory);
//使用jackson序列化和反序列value的值,
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jacksonSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//指定需要序列化的范圍,All表示field、get和set,以及修飾符范圍,ANY表示所有范圍,包括private
mapper.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
jacksonSerializer.setObjectMapper(mapper);
//設(shè)置template中value使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer序列化
template.setValueSerializer(jacksonSerializer);
//設(shè)置template中key使用StringRedisSerializer序列化
template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
//這是hash中key和value的序列化方式,key采用StringRedisSerializer,value采用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer
template.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
template.setHashValueSerializer(jacksonSerializer);
//使template屬性生效
template.afterPropertiesSet();
return template;
}
}12. 統(tǒng)一返回結(jié)果
package com.openallzzz.logindemo.result;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* 后端統(tǒng)一返回結(jié)果
* @param <T>
*/
@Data
public class Result<T> implements Serializable {
private Integer code; //編碼:1成功,0和其它數(shù)字為失敗
private String msg; //錯(cuò)誤信息
private T data; //數(shù)據(jù)
public static <T> Result<T> success() {
Result<T> result = new Result<T>();
result.code = 1;
return result;
}
public static <T> Result<T> success(T object) {
Result<T> result = new Result<T>();
result.data = object;
result.code = 1;
return result;
}
public static <T> Result<T> error(String msg) {
Result result = new Result();
result.msg = msg;
result.code = 0;
return result;
}
}13. 啟動(dòng)類LoginDemoApplication
package com.openallzzz.logindemo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class LoginDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(LoginDemoApplication.class, args);
}
}測試登錄接口(一分鐘內(nèi)五次密碼全錯(cuò),觸發(fā)賬號(hào)鎖定登錄權(quán)限)
第一次測試(300ms)

第二次測試(32ms)

第三次測試(22ms)

第四次測試(12ms)

第五次測試(8ms)

總結(jié)
登錄業(yè)務(wù)預(yù)先判斷了該賬號(hào)是否被鎖定,如果短期內(nèi)有大量登錄請求(用戶不斷試錯(cuò)、被惡意攻擊),壓力只會(huì)給到Redis,從而避免DB被大量請求打中。
到此這篇關(guān)于Spring使用Redis限制用戶登錄失敗的次數(shù)及暫時(shí)鎖定用戶登錄權(quán)限功能的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Spring Redis限制用戶登錄失敗次數(shù)內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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