Springboot+Stomp協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)聊天功能

更新時(shí)間：2024年02月11日 09:34:26 作者：suyukangchen

本示例實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)功能,前端通過(guò)websocket發(fā)送消息給后端服務(wù),后端服務(wù)接收到該消息時(shí),原樣將消息返回給前端,前端技術(shù)棧html+stomp.js,后端SpringBoot,需要的朋友可以參考下

前端代碼

這里我對(duì)Stomp.js進(jìn)行了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的封裝，寫在stomp-client.js里面

/**
 * 對(duì) stomp 客戶端進(jìn)行封裝
 */

var client;
var subscribes = [];
var errorTimes = 0;

var endpoint = "/ws";

/**
 * 建立websocket連接
 * @param {Function} onConnecting 開(kāi)始連接時(shí)的回調(diào)
 * @param {Function} onConnected 連接成功回調(diào)
 * @param {Function} onError 連接異?；驍嚅_(kāi)回調(diào)
 */
function connect(onConnecting, onConnected, onError) {
    onConnecting instanceof Function && onConnecting();
    var sock = new SockJS(endpoint);
    client = Stomp.over(sock);
    console.log("ws: start connect to " + endpoint);
    client.connect({}, function (frame) {
        errorTimes = 0;
        console.log('connected: ' + frame);
        // 連接成功后重新訂閱
        subscribes.forEach(function (item) {
            client.subscribe(item.destination, function (resp) {
                console.debug("ws收到消息: ", resp);
                item.cb(JSON.parse(resp.body));
            });
        });
        onConnected instanceof Function && onConnected();
    }, function (err) {
        errorTimes = errorTimes > 8 ? 0 : errorTimes;
        var nextTime = ++errorTimes * 3000;
        console.warn("與服務(wù)器斷開(kāi)連接，" + nextTime + " 秒后重新連接", err);
        setTimeout(function () {
            console.log("嘗試重連……");
            connect(onConnecting, onConnected, onError);
        }, nextTime);
        onError instanceof Function && onError();
    });
}

/**
 * 訂閱消息，若當(dāng)前未連接，則會(huì)在連接成功后自動(dòng)訂閱
 *
 * 注意，為防止重連導(dǎo)致重復(fù)訂閱，請(qǐng)勿使用匿名函數(shù)做回調(diào)
 *
 * @param {String} destination 目標(biāo)
 * @param {Function} cb 回調(diào)
 */
function subscribe(destination, cb) {
    var exist = subscribes.filter(function (sub) {
        return sub.destination === destination && sub.cb === cb
    });
    // 防止重復(fù)訂閱
    if (exist && exist.length) {
        return;
    }
    // 記錄所有訂閱，在連接成功時(shí)統(tǒng)一處理
    subscribes.push({
        destination: destination,
        cb: cb
    });
    if (client && client.connected) {
        client.subscribe(destination, function (resp) {
            console.debug("ws收到消息: ", resp);
            cb instanceof Function && cb(JSON.parse(resp.body));
        });
    } else {
        console.warn("ws未連接，暫時(shí)無(wú)法訂閱：" + destination)
    }
}

/**
 * 發(fā)送消息
 * @param {String} destination 目標(biāo)
 * @param {Object} msg 消息體對(duì)象
 */
function send(destination, msg) {
    if (!client) {
        console.error("客戶端未連接，無(wú)法發(fā)送消息！")
    }
    client.send(destination, {}, JSON.stringify(msg));
}

window.onbeforeunload = function () {
    // 當(dāng)窗口關(guān)閉時(shí)斷開(kāi)連接
    if (client && client.connected) {
        client.disconnect(function () {
            console.log("websocket disconnected ");
        });
    }
};

前端的html頁(yè)面index.html如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>STOMP</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="tip">Welcome!</h1>
<p>狀態(tài): <span id="status"></span></p>
<input type="text" id="content" placeholder="請(qǐng)輸入要發(fā)送的消息"> <br>
<button onclick="sendTextMsg()">發(fā)送</button>
<ul id="ul">
</ul>
<script th:src="@{lib/sockjs.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{lib/stomp.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{stomp-client.js}"></script>
<script>
    connect(function () {
        statusChange("連接中...");
    }, function () {
        statusChange("在線");
        // 注意，為防止重連導(dǎo)致重復(fù)訂閱，請(qǐng)勿使用匿名函數(shù)做回調(diào)
        subscribe("/user/topic/subNewMsg", onNewMsg);
    }, function () {
        statusChange("離線");
    });

    function onNewMsg(msg) {
        var li = document.createElement("li");
        li.innerText = msg.content;
        document.getElementById("ul").appendChild(li);
    }

    function sendTextMsg() {
        var content = document.getElementById("content").value;
        var msg = {
            msgType: 1,
            content: content
        };
        send("/app/echo", msg);
    }

    function statusChange(status) {
        document.getElementById("status").innerText = status;
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

后端代碼

依賴引入，主要引入下面的包，其它的包略過(guò)

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
 </dependency>

配置類

@Slf4j
@Setter
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "websocket")
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = {@Autowired})
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer, ApplicationListener<BrokerAvailabilityEvent> {
    private final BrokerConfig brokerConfig;
    private String[] allowOrigins;

    @Override
    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
        // 繼承DefaultHandshakeHandler并重寫determineUser方法，可以自定義如何確定用戶
        // 添加方法：registry.addEndpoint("/ws").setHandshakeHandler(handshakeHandler)
        registry.addEndpoint("/ws")
                .setAllowedOrigins(allowOrigins)
                .withSockJS();
    }

    /**
     * 配置消息代理
     */
    @Override
    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
        registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");

        if (brokerConfig.isUseSimpleBroker()) {
            // 使用 SimpleBroker
            // 配置前綴, 有這些前綴的消息會(huì)路由到broker
            registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic", "/queue")
                    //配置stomp協(xié)議里, server返回的心跳
                    .setHeartbeatValue(new long[]{10000L, 10000L})
                    //配置發(fā)送心跳的scheduler
                    .setTaskScheduler(new DefaultManagedTaskScheduler());
        } else {
            // 使用外部 Broker
            // 指定前綴，有這些前綴的消息會(huì)路由到broker
            registry.enableStompBrokerRelay("/topic", "/queue")
                    // 廣播用戶目標(biāo)，如果要推送的用戶不在本地，則通過(guò) broker 廣播給集群的其他成員
                    .setUserDestinationBroadcast("/topic/log-unresolved-user")
                    // 用戶注冊(cè)廣播，一旦有用戶登錄，則廣播給集群中的其他成員
                    .setUserRegistryBroadcast("/topic/log-user-registry")
                    // 虛擬地址
                    .setVirtualHost(brokerConfig.getVirtualHost())
                    // 用戶密碼
                    .setSystemLogin(brokerConfig.getUsername())
                    .setSystemPasscode(brokerConfig.getPassword())
                    .setClientLogin(brokerConfig.getUsername())
                    .setClientPasscode(brokerConfig.getPassword())
                    // 心跳間隔
                    .setSystemHeartbeatSendInterval(10000)
                    .setSystemHeartbeatReceiveInterval(10000)
                    // 使用 setTcpClient 以配置多個(gè) broker 地址，setRelayHost/Port 只能配置一個(gè)
                    .setTcpClient(createTcpClient());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 創(chuàng)建 TcpClient 工廠，用于配置多個(gè) broker 地址
     */
    private ReactorNettyTcpClient<byte[]> createTcpClient() {
        return new ReactorNettyTcpClient<>(
                // BrokerAddressSupplier 用于獲取中繼地址，一次只使用一個(gè)，如果該中繼出錯(cuò)，則會(huì)獲取下一個(gè)
                client -> client.addressSupplier(brokerConfig.getBrokerAddressSupplier()),
                new StompReactorNettyCodec());
    }

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(BrokerAvailabilityEvent event) {
        if (!event.isBrokerAvailable()) {
            log.warn("stomp broker is not available!!!!!!!!");
        } else {
            log.info("stomp broker is available");
        }
    }
}

消息處理

@Slf4j
@Controller
@RequiredArgsConstructor(onConstructor_ = {@Autowired})
public class StompController {
    private final SimpMessageSendingOperations msgOperations;
    private final SimpUserRegistry simpUserRegistry;

    /**
     * 回音消息，將用戶發(fā)來(lái)的消息內(nèi)容加上 Echo 前綴后推送回客戶端
     */
    @MessageMapping("/echo")
    public void echo(Principal principal, Msg msg) {
        String username = principal.getName();
        msg.setContent("Echo: " + msg.getContent());
        msgOperations.convertAndSendToUser(username, "/topic/subNewMsg", msg);
        int userCount = simpUserRegistry.getUserCount();
        int sessionCount = simpUserRegistry.getUser(username).getSessions().size();
        log.info("當(dāng)前本系統(tǒng)總在線人數(shù): {}, 當(dāng)前用戶: {}, 該用戶的客戶端連接數(shù): {}", userCount, username, sessionCount);
    }
}

實(shí)現(xiàn)效果

報(bào)文分析

開(kāi)啟調(diào)試模式，我們根據(jù)報(bào)文來(lái)分析一下前后端互通的報(bào)文

握手

客戶端請(qǐng)求報(bào)文如下

GET ws://localhost:8025/ws/035/5hy4avgm/websocket HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8025
Connection: Upgrade
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/114.0.5735.289 Safari/537.36
Upgrade: websocket
Origin: http://localhost:8025
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: 略
Sec-WebSocket-Key: PlMHmdl2JRzDAVk3feOaeA==
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits

服務(wù)端響應(yīng)握手請(qǐng)求

HTTP/1.1 101
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Accept: 9CKY8n1j/cHoKsWmpmX4pNlQuZg=
Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: permessage-deflate;client_max_window_bits=15
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Expires: 0
X-Frame-Options: DENY
Date: Thu, 08 Feb 2024 06:58:28 GMT

stomp報(bào)文分析

在瀏覽器消息一欄，我們可以看到長(zhǎng)連接過(guò)程中通信的報(bào)文

下面來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單分析一下stomp的報(bào)文

客戶端請(qǐng)求連接

其中\(zhòng)n表示換行

[
  "CONNECT\naccept-version:1.1,1.0\nheart-beat:10000,10000\n\n\u0000"
]

可以看到請(qǐng)求連接的命令是CONNECT，連接報(bào)文里面還包含了心跳的信息

服務(wù)端返回連接成功

[
  "CONNECTED\nversion:1.1\nheart-beat:10000,10000\nuser-name:admin\n\n\u0000"
]

CONNECTED是服務(wù)端連接成功的命令，報(bào)文中也包含了心跳的信息

客戶端訂閱

訂閱的目的地是：/user/topic/subNewMsg

["SUBSCRIBE\nid:sub-0\ndestination:/user/topic/subNewMsg\n\n\u0000"]

客戶端發(fā)送消息

發(fā)送的目的地是：/app/echo

[
  "SEND\ndestination:/app/echo\ncontent-length:35\n\n{\"msgType\":1,\"content\":\"你好啊\"}\u0000"
]

服務(wù)端響應(yīng)消息

響應(yīng)的目的地是：/user/topic/subNewMsg，當(dāng)訂閱了這個(gè)目的地的，方法，將會(huì)被回調(diào)

[
  "MESSAGE\ndestination:/user/topic/subNewMsg\ncontent-type:application/json;charset=UTF-8\nsubscription:sub-0\nmessage-id:5hy4avgm-1\ncontent-length:41\n\n{\"content\":\"Echo: 你好啊\",\"msgType\":1}\u0000"
]