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C#實(shí)現(xiàn)字母與ASCII碼互相轉(zhuǎn)換

更新時(shí)間：2024年01月02日 16:57:03 作者：wenchm

ASCII是基于拉丁字母的編碼系統(tǒng),也是現(xiàn)今最通用的單字節(jié)編碼系統(tǒng),本文主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了如何使用C#實(shí)現(xiàn)字母與ASCII碼互轉(zhuǎn),需要的可以參考下

一、關(guān)于ASCII及與字符互轉(zhuǎn)

ASCII(American Standard Code for Information Interchange，美國(guó)信息互換標(biāo)準(zhǔn)代碼)是基于拉丁字母的編碼系統(tǒng)，也是現(xiàn)今最通用的單字節(jié)編碼系統(tǒng)。在程序設(shè)計(jì)中，可以方便地將字母轉(zhuǎn)換為ASCⅡ碼，也可以將ASCII碼方便地轉(zhuǎn)換為字母。

1.主要用到Encoding對(duì)象的GetBytes方法

Encoding對(duì)象的GetBytes方法接收一個(gè)字符串或字符數(shù)組作為參數(shù)，最后返回字節(jié)數(shù)組，可以根據(jù)字節(jié)數(shù)組得到字母的ASCⅡ碼。

string P_str_temp ="abc";
Encoding P_encoding =Encoding.GetEncoding("unicode");
byte[]P_byte =P_encoding.GetBytes(P_str_temp);
string P_str=P_byte[0].ToString();

使用Encoding類的GetEncoding靜態(tài)方法得到Encoding對(duì)象，然后調(diào)用Encoding對(duì)象的GetBytes方法，該方法接收一個(gè)字符串或字符數(shù)組作為參數(shù)，最后GetBytes方法會(huì)返回字節(jié)數(shù)組對(duì)象，可以根據(jù)字節(jié)數(shù)組的第0個(gè)索引來(lái)得到字符串中第一個(gè)字母的ASCⅡ碼。

2.Char顯式轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)值類型得到ASCⅡ

字符Char是值類型，它總是表示成16位Unicode代碼值。

現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)了解到Char是值類型，如果將Char顯式轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)值類型，可以方便地得到ASCⅡ碼值。相反，如果將ASCⅡ碼數(shù)值強(qiáng)制轉(zhuǎn)換為Char，將會(huì)得到一個(gè)Char對(duì)象。

二、實(shí)例

// 字符與ASCII相互轉(zhuǎn)換
using System.Text;
 
namespace _036
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        private GroupBox? groupBox1;
        private Button? button2;
        private Button? button1;
        private TextBox? textBox1;
        private TextBox? textBox2;
        private TextBox? textBox3;
        private TextBox? textBox4;
 
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Load += Form1_Load;
        }
 
        private void Form1_Load(object? sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 
            // button2
            // 
            button2 = new Button
            {
                Location = new Point(117, 58),
                Name = "button2",
                Size = new Size(91, 23),
                TabIndex = 6,
                Text = "ASCII轉(zhuǎn)字符",
                UseVisualStyleBackColor = true
            };
            button2.Click += Button2_Click;
            // 
            // button1
            // 
            button1 = new Button
            {
                Location = new Point(117, 29),
                Name = "button1",
                Size = new Size(91, 23),
                TabIndex = 5,
                Text = "字符轉(zhuǎn)ASCII",
                UseVisualStyleBackColor = true
            };
            button1.Click += Button1_Click;
            // 
            // textBox1
            // 
            textBox1 = new TextBox
            {
                Location = new Point(6, 29),
                Name = "textBox1",
                Size = new Size(100, 23),
                TabIndex = 1
            };
            // 
            // textBox2
            // 
            textBox2 = new TextBox
            {
                Location = new Point(219, 29),
                Name = "textBox2",
                Size = new Size(100, 23),
                TabIndex = 2
            };
            // 
            // textBox3
            // 
            textBox3 = new TextBox
            {
                Location = new Point(6, 58),
                Name = "textBox3",
                Size = new Size(100, 23),
                TabIndex = 3
            };
            // 
            // textBox4
            // 
            textBox4 = new TextBox
            {
                Location = new Point(219, 58),
                Name = "textBox4",
                Size = new Size(100, 23),
                TabIndex = 4
            };
            // 
            // groupBox1
            // 
            groupBox1 = new GroupBox
            {
                Location = new Point(12, 14),
                Name = "groupBox1",
                Size = new Size(325, 100),
                TabIndex = 0,
                TabStop = false,
                Text = "字符與ASCII相互轉(zhuǎn)換"
            };
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(button2);
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(button1);
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(textBox1);
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(textBox2);
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(textBox3);
            groupBox1.Controls.Add(textBox4);
            groupBox1.SuspendLayout();
            
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            AutoScaleDimensions = new SizeF(7F, 17F);
            AutoScaleMode = AutoScaleMode.Font;
            ClientSize = new Size(349, 126);
            Controls.Add(groupBox1);
            Name = "Form1";
            StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
            Text = "字符與ASCII互轉(zhuǎn)";           
            groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);
            groupBox1.PerformLayout();           
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// 字母轉(zhuǎn)ASCII
        /// 注釋掉的部分異常：
        /// Index was outside of the bounds of the array
        /// 未處理的異常：System.IndexOutOfRangeException：索引超出數(shù)組的范圍(在第一個(gè)if語(yǔ)句處)
        /// 修改后，正常了
        /// </summary>
        private void Button1_Click(object? sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (textBox1!.Text != string.Empty)                 //判斷輸入是否為空
            {
                /*if (Encoding.GetEncoding("unicode").          //判斷輸入是否為字符
                     GetBytes(new char[] { textBox2!.Text[0] })[1] == 0)  */             
                if (char.IsLetterOrDigit(textBox1.Text.ToCharArray()[0])) //判斷輸入是否為字符
                {
                    textBox2!.Text = Encoding.GetEncoding(      //字符轉(zhuǎn)ASCII碼
                        "unicode").GetBytes(textBox1.Text)[0].ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox2!.Text = string.Empty;              //輸出空字符串
                    MessageBox.Show("請(qǐng)輸入字母！", "提示！");//提示用戶信息
                }
            }
            else
            {               
                MessageBox.Show("請(qǐng)輸入字母！", "提示！");
            }
        }
 
        /// <summary>
        /// ASCII轉(zhuǎn)字母
        /// </summary>
        private void Button2_Click(object? sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (textBox3!.Text != string.Empty)             //判斷輸入是否為空
            {
                if (int.TryParse(                           //將輸入的字符轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字
                   textBox3.Text, out int P_int_Num))
                {
                    textBox4!.Text =
                        ((char)P_int_Num).ToString();       //ASCII碼轉(zhuǎn)為字符
                }
                else
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(                        //如果輸入不符合要求彈出提示框
                        "請(qǐng)輸入正確ASCII碼值。", "錯(cuò)誤！");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("請(qǐng)輸入ASCII！", "提示！"); 
            }          
        }
    }
}