C#中NAudio音頻庫(kù)的安裝與使用教程詳解

更新時(shí)間：2023年11月17日 09:13:09 作者：SongYuLong的博客

NAudio為.NET平臺(tái)下的開源庫(kù),采用ML-PL協(xié)議,它支持許多音頻操作,可實(shí)現(xiàn)多種API播放與錄制、多種不同音頻格式等功能,下面就跟隨小編一起學(xué)習(xí)一下NAudio的安裝與使用吧

NAudio安裝

項(xiàng)目=>NuGet包管理器搜索NAudio點(diǎn)擊安裝，自動(dòng)安裝依賴庫(kù)。

安裝成功后工具箱會(huì)新增NAudio.WinForms控件

NAudio簡(jiǎn)述

NAudio為.NET平臺(tái)下的開源庫(kù)，采用ML-PL協(xié)議，開源地址：https://github.com/naudio/NAudio支持多種音頻操作，可實(shí)現(xiàn)多種API播放與錄制、多種不同音頻格式、音頻格式轉(zhuǎn)換（重采樣、位深、聲道等）、音頻編碼、多通道播放、音頻效果處理等等。

快速入門

深入研究

常用類：

WaveIn 表示波形輸入, 繼承了 IWaveIn, 例如麥克風(fēng)輸入, 或者計(jì)算機(jī)正在播放的音頻流。
WaveOut 表示波形輸出, 繼承了 IWavePlayer, 用來(lái)播放音頻, 以 IWaveProvider 作為播放源播放音頻, 通過(guò)拓展方法也支持以 ISampleProvider 作為播放源播放音頻。
WaveStream 表示波形流, 它繼承了 IWaveProvider, 可以用來(lái)作為播放源。
WaveFileReader 繼承了 WaveStream, 用來(lái)讀取波形文件。
WaveFileWriter 繼承了Stream, 用來(lái)寫入文件, 常用于保存音頻錄制的數(shù)據(jù)。
AudioFileReader 通用的音頻文件讀取器, 可以讀取波形文件, 也可以讀取其他類型的音頻文件例如 Aiff, MP3

常用接口：

IWaveProvider 波形提供者, 上面已經(jīng)提到, 是音頻播放的提供者, 通過(guò)拓展方法可以轉(zhuǎn)換為 ISampleProvider。
ISampleProvider 采樣提供者, 上面已經(jīng)提到, 通過(guò)拓展方法可以作為 WaveOut 的播放源。

簡(jiǎn)單示例1

自定義錄音機(jī)類：Recorder.cs

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace NAudioDemo
{
    internal class Recorder
    {
        public WaveIn mWaveIn;
        public WaveFileWriter mWaveFileWriter;
        public int secondsRecorded;
        /// <summary>
        /// 開始錄音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filePath"></param>
        public void RecorderStart(string filePath)
        {
            // 創(chuàng)建WaveIn對(duì)象
            mWaveIn = new WaveIn();
            // 添加DataAvailable事件處理回調(diào)
            mWaveIn.DataAvailable += OnDataAvailable;
            // 創(chuàng)建WaveFileWriter對(duì)象
            mWaveFileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(filePath, mWaveIn.WaveFormat);
            // 開始錄音
            mWaveIn.StartRecording();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止錄音
        /// </summary>
        public void RecorderStop()
        {
            mWaveIn?.StopRecording();
            mWaveIn?.Dispose();
            mWaveFileWriter?.Close();
            mWaveFileWriter = null;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 錄音數(shù)據(jù)回調(diào)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void OnDataAvailable(object sender, WaveInEventArgs e)
        {
            // 寫入錄音數(shù)據(jù)
            mWaveFileWriter.Write(e.Buffer, 0, e.BytesRecorded);           
            // 計(jì)算已錄制的秒數(shù)
            secondsRecorded = (int)mWaveFileWriter.Length / mWaveFileWriter.WaveFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond;
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO;
using NAudio.Wave;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Media;
using NAudio.Dsp;
namespace NAudioDemo
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {             
        // 創(chuàng)建錄音機(jī)類實(shí)例
        Recorder recorder = new Recorder();
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = false;
            button2.Enabled = true;
            recorder.RecorderStart(@"D:\1.wav");
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Enabled = true;
            button2.Enabled = false;
            recorder.RecorderStop();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SoundPlayer player = new SoundPlayer(@"D:\1.wav");
            player.Play();           
        }
    }
}

錄制麥克風(fēng)

借助 WaveIn 類, 我們可以輕易的捕獲麥克風(fēng)輸入, 在每一次錄制到數(shù)據(jù)時(shí), 將數(shù)據(jù)寫入到文件或其他流, 這就實(shí)現(xiàn)了保存錄音

在保存波形文件時(shí)需要借助 WaveFileWriter, 當(dāng)然, 如果你想保存為其他格式, 也可以使用其它的 Writer, 例如 CurWaveFileWriter 以及AiffFileWriter, 美中不足的是沒(méi)有直接寫入到 MP3 的 FileWriter

需要注意的是, 桌面程序可以直接使用 WaveIn, 其回調(diào)基于 Windows 消息, 所以無(wú)法在控制臺(tái)應(yīng)用中使用 WaveIn

如果要在控制臺(tái)應(yīng)用中實(shí)現(xiàn)錄音, 只需要使用 WaveInEvent, 它的回調(diào)基于事件而不是 Windows 消息, 所以可以通用

示例代碼：

WaveIn cap = new WaveIn(); // cap, capture
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded); // 訂閱事件
cap.StartRecording(); // 開始錄制
cap.StopRecording(); // 停止錄制
writer.Close(); // 關(guān)閉 FileWriter, 保存數(shù)據(jù)

另外, 除了使用 WaveIn, 你還可以使用 WasapiCapture, 它與 WaveIn 的使用方式是一致的, 可以用來(lái)錄制麥克風(fēng)

Wasapi 全稱 Windows Audio Session Application Programming Interface (Windows音頻會(huì)話應(yīng)用編程接口)

具體 WaveIn, WaveInEvent, WasapiCapture 的性能, 筆者還沒(méi)有測(cè)試過(guò), 但估計(jì)不會(huì)有太大差異.

提示: WasapiCapture 和 WasapiLoopbackCapture 位于 NAudio.Wave 命名空間下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using NAudio;
using NAudio.Wave;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form2 : Form
    {
        private WaveIn waveIn = null;
        private WaveFileWriter writer = null;
        public Form2()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 設(shè)置保存文件名稱
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            saveFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments);
            saveFileDialog1.Filter = "audio files (*.wav)|*.wav| all files (*.*)|*.*"; // 文件類型過(guò)濾
            saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "*.wav"; // 默認(rèn)文件擴(kuò)展名
            //saveFileDialog1.FileName = "1.wav"; // 默認(rèn)文件名
            if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = saveFileDialog1.FileName; // 獲取文件名
                textBox1.Text = fName;
                button2.Enabled = true;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 開始錄音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //waveIn = new WaveIn { WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1) };
            waveIn = new WaveIn();
            waveIn.WaveFormat = new WaveFormat(44100, 1);
            writer = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), waveIn.WaveFormat);
            waveIn.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
            waveIn.StartRecording();
            button2.Enabled = false;
            button3.Enabled = true;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止錄音
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            waveIn.StopRecording();
            waveIn.Dispose();
            waveIn = null;
            writer.Flush();
            writer.Close();
            writer.Dispose();
            button2.Enabled = true;
            button3.Enabled = false;
        }
    }
}

錄制系統(tǒng)聲卡

錄制聲卡輸出, 也就是錄制計(jì)算機(jī)正在播放的聲音, 借助 WasapiLoopbackCapture 即可簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn), 使用方式與 WasapiCapture 無(wú)異

WasapiLoopbackCapture cap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
WaveFileWriter writer = new WaveFileWriter();
cap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => writer.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
cap.StartRecording();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form3 : Form
    {
        private WasapiLoopbackCapture loopCap = new WasapiLoopbackCapture();
        private WaveFileWriter fileWriter;
        public Form3()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
            saveFileDialog.Filter = "wave file *.wav|*.wav|all filse *.*|*.*";
            saveFileDialog.DefaultExt = ".wav";
            if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = saveFileDialog.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;            
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 錄制聲卡開始
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            fileWriter = new WaveFileWriter(textBox1.Text.Trim(), loopCap.WaveFormat) ;
            loopCap.DataAvailable += (s, args) => fileWriter.Write(args.Buffer, 0, args.BytesRecorded);
            loopCap.StartRecording();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 錄制聲卡停止
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            loopCap.StopRecording();
            fileWriter.Flush();
            fileWriter.Close();
            fileWriter.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

WAV格式播放

NAudio 中, 通過(guò) WaveFileReader 來(lái)讀取波形數(shù)據(jù), 在實(shí)例化時(shí), 你可以指定文件名或者是輸入流, 這意味著你可以讀取內(nèi)存流中的音頻數(shù)據(jù).

WaveFileReader reader = new WaveFileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader); // 通過(guò) IWaveProvider 為音頻輸出初始化
wout.Play(); // 至此, wout 將從指定的 reader 中提供的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行播放

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form4 : Form
    {
        private WaveOut wout_wav;
        WaveFileReader reader;
        public Form4()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.wav|*.wav";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.wav";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new WaveFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout_wav = new WaveOut();
            wout_wav.Init(reader);
            wout_wav.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_wav.Stop();
            wout_wav.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
        }
    }
}

MP3格式播放

播放 MP3 音樂(lè)其實(shí)與播放波形音樂(lè)沒(méi)有太大區(qū)別, 只不過(guò)將 WaveFileReader 換成Mp3FileReader 罷了

Mp3FileReader reader = new Mp3FileReader(filepath);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut();
wout.Init(reader);
wout.Play();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form5 : Form
    {
        Mp3FileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout_mp3;
        public Form5()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new Mp3FileReader(textBox1.Text);
            wout_mp3 = new WaveOut();
            wout_mp3.Init(reader);
            wout_mp3.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout_mp3.Stop();
            wout_mp3.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

AudioFileReader讀取播放音頻

通過(guò)AudioFileReader讀取音頻文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多種格式

AudioFileReader reader = new AudioFileReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form6 : Form
    {
        AudioFileReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;
        public Form6()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void Form6_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            { 
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName; 
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new AudioFileReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();  
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

MediaFoundationReader 讀取播放音頻

通過(guò)MediaFoundationReader 讀取音頻文件可以播放.mp3, .wav, .flac等多種格式

MediaFoundationReader reader = new MediaFoundationReader (@“d:\1.mp3”);
WaveOut wout = new WaveOut ();
wout.Init(reader );
wout.Play();
wout.Pause();
wout.Resume();
wout.Stop();

using NAudio.Wave;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace NAudioDemo2
{
    public partial class Form7 : Form
    {
        MediaFoundationReader reader;
        WaveOut wout;
        public Form7()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog  ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "audio file *.mp3|*.mp3|all files *.*|*.*";
            ofd.DefaultExt = "*.mp3";
            if (ofd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                string fName = ofd.FileName;
                textBox1.Text = fName;
            }
        }
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            reader = new MediaFoundationReader(textBox1.Text.Trim());
            wout = new WaveOut();
            wout.Init(reader);
            wout.Play();
        }
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Pause();
        }
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Resume();
        }
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            wout.Stop();
            wout.Dispose();
            reader.Close();
            reader.Dispose();
        }
    }
}

以上就是C#中NAudio音頻庫(kù)的安裝與使用教程詳解的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于C# NAudio的資料請(qǐng)關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

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