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Java如何獲取真實(shí)請(qǐng)求IP

更新時(shí)間：2023年08月28日 17:02:01 作者：Ocean@上源碼

這篇文章主要介紹了Java如何獲取真實(shí)請(qǐng)求IP問(wèn)題,具有很好的參考價(jià)值,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助,如有錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教

java獲取真實(shí)請(qǐng)求IP

在使用Nginx或Apache等代理的情況下，需要Nginx或Apache代替客戶端去訪問(wèn)服務(wù)器。

當(dāng)請(qǐng)求包經(jīng)過(guò)反向代理后，在代理服務(wù)器這里這個(gè)IP數(shù)據(jù)包的IP包頭做了修改，最終后端WEB服務(wù)器得到的數(shù)據(jù)包的頭部源IP地址是代理服務(wù)器的IP地址。

這樣一來(lái)，后端服務(wù)器的程序就無(wú)法獲取用戶的真實(shí)ip。

nginx中配置：

proxy_set_header Host  $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Real-Port $remote_port;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

Apache有代理的情況：

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
Include conf/extra/httpd-remoteip.conf
vi /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-remoteip.conf
LoadModule remoteip_module modules/mod_remoteip.so 
RemoteIPHeader X-Forwarded-For 
RemoteIPinternalProxy 127.0.0.1

X-Real-IP 真實(shí)請(qǐng)求IP【Nginx中設(shè)置】
X-Forwarded-For IP鏈，真實(shí)IP + , + 代理IP1.... + , + 代理IPN
request.getRemoteAddr() 獲取真實(shí)IP/代理IP（用戶使用代理軟件時(shí)無(wú)法獲取真實(shí)IP）

真實(shí)請(qǐng)求IP

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class IPUtil {
    /**
     * 真是請(qǐng)求IP
     *
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    public static String getRealRequestIp(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        if (null != ip && ip.contains(",")) {
            ip = ip.substring(0, ip.indexOf(","));
        }
        return ip;
    }
}

本機(jī)IP

???????import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class IPUtil {
    /**
     * 本機(jī)IP
     *
     * @return
     * @throws UnknownHostException
     */
    public static String getLocalIp() throws UnknownHostException {
        return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
    }
}

java獲取發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的電腦的IP地址

客戶端所有的請(qǐng)求信息都可以通過(guò)HttpServletRequest獲得，獲取客戶端ip可以通過(guò)getRemoteAddr()獲取。

但是如果客戶端是通過(guò)代理訪問(wèn)我們的服務(wù)器，那么getRemoteAddr()獲取到的ip就很有可能不是真實(shí)的ip，這時(shí)候我們可以通過(guò)請(qǐng)求頭里的x-forwarded-for來(lái)獲取真實(shí)的ip，請(qǐng)求每經(jīng)一次代理，都會(huì)在后面拼接該代理的ip，以逗號(hào)分隔。

方法一

此方法獲取真實(shí)IP（本機(jī)IP并不是127.0.0.1）

獲取發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的電腦的IP地址，并返回

package com.lc.z.common.utils;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
public class IpUtil {
    /**
     * 獲取請(qǐng)求的ip
     */
    public static String getRequestIp() {
        RequestAttributes requestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        // 從獲取RequestAttributes中獲取HttpServletRequest的信息
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) requestAttributes.resolveReference(RequestAttributes.REFERENCE_REQUEST);
        String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
        }
        return ip;
    }
}

方法二

RequestAttributes requestAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) requestAttributes).getRequest();
String clientIP = ServletUtil.getClientIP(request);
// 本地的服務(wù)輸出 IP:127.0.0.1
System.out.println("IP:"+ clientIP);