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java對接微信小程序詳細(xì)流程(登錄&獲取用戶信息)

更新時(shí)間：2023年08月04日 10:57:26 作者：某_

這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關(guān)于java對接微信小程序(登錄&獲取用戶信息)的相關(guān)資料,我們在開發(fā)微信小程序時(shí)經(jīng)常需要獲取用戶微信用戶名以及頭像信息,微信提供了專門的接口API用于返回這些信息,需要的朋友可以參考下

需求說明：

用戶通過小程序登錄，進(jìn)入到平臺系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)行各功能操作；

解決方案：

首先通過對接小程序，用戶通過小程序登錄及授權(quán)獲取用戶信息，后端調(diào)用接口獲取微信用戶信息，進(jìn)行保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫，然后返回token給前端（實(shí)際在這里相當(dāng)于用戶的一個(gè)注冊及登錄），前端使用該token訪問所有接口；

相關(guān)代碼：

首先我們需要用到 http工具類 方便后續(xù)的接口調(diào)用：
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class HttpClientUtils {
    final static int TIMEOUT = 1000;
    final static int TIMEOUT_MSEC = 5 * 1000;   
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> paramMap) throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建Httpclient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 創(chuàng)建Http Post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 創(chuàng)建參數(shù)列表
            if (paramMap != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : paramMap.entrySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(param.getKey(), param.getValue()));
                }
                // 模擬表單
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            httpPost.setConfig(builderRequestConfig());
            // 執(zhí)行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw e;
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw e;
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    private static RequestConfig builderRequestConfig() {
        return RequestConfig.custom()
                .setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setConnectionRequestTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC)
                .setSocketTimeout(TIMEOUT_MSEC).build();
    }
}

小程序用戶表

CREATE TABLE `wechat_user` (
  `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `nickname` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶昵稱',
  `avatar_url` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶頭像',
  `gender` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別  0-未知、1-男性、2-女性',
  `country` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '所在國家',
  `province` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '省份',
  `city` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '城市',
  `mobile` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手機(jī)號碼',
  `open_id` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '小程序openId',
  `union_id` varchar(100) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '小程序unionId',
  `created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '插入時(shí)間',
  `updated_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新時(shí)間',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `idx_open_id` (`open_id`),
  KEY `idx_union_id` (`union_id`),
  KEY `idx_mobile` (`mobile`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC COMMENT='小程序用戶表';

dto

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
@Data
public class WechatLoginRequest {
	//登錄時(shí)獲取的 code，可通過wx.login獲取
    @NotNull(message = "code不能為空")
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "微信code", required = true)
    private String code;
	//這個(gè)入?yún)⑵鋵?shí)里面包含了用戶的信息 下面的impl層 就是解析這個(gè)json獲取用戶信息
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "用戶非敏感字段")
    private String rawData;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "簽名")
    private String signature;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "用戶敏感字段")
    private String encryptedData;
    @ApiModelProperty(value = "解密向量")
    private String iv;
}

主要代碼：

controller

import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/wechat")
@Api(tags = {"微信小程序"}, value = "/wechat")
@Slf4j
public class LoginController {
    @Resource
    private WechatService wechatService;
    @ApiOperation(value = "登入接口", httpMethod = "POST")
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public ResponseResult login(@Validated @RequestBody WechatLoginRequest loginRequest) throws Exception {
        return wechatService.getUserInfoMap(loginRequest);
    }
}

mapper

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.mmc.aircraftsystemserver.api.wechet.pojo.WechatUser;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
@Mapper
public interface WechatMapper extends BaseMapper<WechatUser> {
}

impl

package com.mmc.aircraftsystemserver.api.wechet.service.impl;
import cn.hutool.core.codec.Base64;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.update.UpdateWrapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.service.impl.ServiceImpl;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.AlgorithmParameters;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Slf4j
@Service
public class WechatServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<WechatMapper, WechatUser> implements WechatService {
	//小程序 appId
    @Value("${wechat.appid}")
    private String APPID;
    //小程序 appSecret
    @Value("${wechat.secret}")
    private String SECRET;
    //${wechat.grantType} = authorization_code
    @Value("${wechat.grantType}")
    private String GRANT_TYPE;
    // ${wechat.url} = https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session
    @Value("${wechat.url}")
    private String REQUEST_URL;
    public ResponseResult getUserInfoMap(WechatLoginRequest loginRequest) throws Exception {
        JSONObject sessionKeyOpenId = getSessionKeyOrOpenId(loginRequest.getCode());
        // 獲取openId && sessionKey
        String openId = sessionKeyOpenId.getString("openid");
        String sessionKey = sessionKeyOpenId.getString("session_key");
        //校驗(yàn)簽名 小程序發(fā)送的簽名signature與服務(wù)器端生成的簽名signature2 = sha1(rawData + sessionKey)
        String signature2 = DigestUtils.sha1Hex(loginRequest.getRawData() + sessionKey);
        if (!loginRequest.getSignature().equals(signature2)) {
            return ResponseResult.errorResult(HttpCodeEnum.FAIL, "簽名校驗(yàn)失敗");
        }
        WechatUser insertOrUpdateDO = buildWechatUserAuthInfoDO(loginRequest, sessionKey, openId);
        // 根據(jù)code保存openId和sessionKey
        JSONObject sessionObj = new JSONObject();
        sessionObj.put("openId", openId);
        sessionObj.put("sessionKey", sessionKey);
        // 根據(jù)openid查詢用戶
        QueryWrapper wrapper = new QueryWrapper();
        wrapper.eq("open_id",openId);
        WechatUser user = getOne(wrapper);
        if (user == null) {
            // 用戶不存在，insert用戶
            save(insertOrUpdateDO);
        } else {
            // 已存在，更新用戶的信息
            UpdateWrapper<WechatUser> updateWrapper = new UpdateWrapper();
            updateWrapper.eq("openId",openId)
                    .set("nickname",insertOrUpdateDO.getNickname())
                    .set("avatar_url",insertOrUpdateDO.getAvatarUrl())
                    .set("gender",insertOrUpdateDO.getGender())
                    .set("country",insertOrUpdateDO.getCountry())
                    .set("province",insertOrUpdateDO.getProvince())
                    .set("city",insertOrUpdateDO.getCity())
                    .set("mobile",insertOrUpdateDO.getMobile());
           update(updateWrapper);
        }
        ResponseResult token = createToken(insertOrUpdateDO);
        return ResponseResult.okResult(token);
    }
	//調(diào)用接口
    private JSONObject getSessionKeyOrOpenId(String code) throws Exception {
        Map<String, String> requestUrlParam = new HashMap<>();
        requestUrlParam.put("appid", APPID);
        requestUrlParam.put("secret", SECRET);
        requestUrlParam.put("js_code", code);
        requestUrlParam.put("grant_type", GRANT_TYPE);
        // 發(fā)送post請求讀取調(diào)用微信接口獲取openid用戶唯一標(biāo)識
        String result = HttpClientUtils.doPost(REQUEST_URL, requestUrlParam);
        return JSON.parseObject(result);
    }
    private WechatUser buildWechatUserAuthInfoDO(WechatLoginRequest loginRequest, String sessionKey, String openId){
        WechatUser wechatUserDO = new WechatUser();
        wechatUserDO.setOpenId(openId);
        if (loginRequest.getRawData() != null) {
            RawDataDO rawDataDO = JSON.parseObject(loginRequest.getRawData(), RawDataDO.class);
            wechatUserDO.setNickname(rawDataDO.getNickName());
            wechatUserDO.setAvatarUrl(rawDataDO.getAvatarUrl());
            wechatUserDO.setGender(rawDataDO.getGender());
            wechatUserDO.setCity(rawDataDO.getCity());
            wechatUserDO.setCountry(rawDataDO.getCountry());
            wechatUserDO.setProvince(rawDataDO.getProvince());
        }
        // 解密加密信息，獲取unionID
        if (loginRequest.getEncryptedData() != null){
            JSONObject encryptedData = getEncryptedData(loginRequest.getEncryptedData(), sessionKey, loginRequest.getIv());
            if (encryptedData != null){
                String unionId = encryptedData.getString("unionId");
                wechatUserDO.setUnionId(unionId);
            }
        }
        return wechatUserDO;
    }
    private JSONObject getEncryptedData(String encryptedData, String sessionkey, String iv) {
        // 被加密的數(shù)據(jù)
        byte[] dataByte = Base64.decode(encryptedData);
        // 加密秘鑰
        byte[] keyByte = Base64.decode(sessionkey);
        // 偏移量
        byte[] ivByte = Base64.decode(iv);
        try {
            // 如果密鑰不足16位，那么就補(bǔ)足.這個(gè)if中的內(nèi)容很重要
            int base = 16;
            if (keyByte.length % base != 0) {
                int groups = keyByte.length / base + 1;
                byte[] temp = new byte[groups * base];
                Arrays.fill(temp, (byte) 0);
                System.arraycopy(keyByte, 0, temp, 0, keyByte.length);
                keyByte = temp;
            }
            // 初始化
            Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding", "BC");
            SecretKeySpec spec = new SecretKeySpec(keyByte, "AES");
            AlgorithmParameters parameters = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance("AES");
            parameters.init(new IvParameterSpec(ivByte));
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, spec, parameters);// 初始化
            byte[] resultByte = cipher.doFinal(dataByte);
            if (null != resultByte && resultByte.length > 0) {
                String result = new String(resultByte, "UTF-8");
                return JSONObject.parseObject(result);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("解密加密信息報(bào)錯(cuò)", e.getMessage());
        }
        return null;
    }
	//生成token 這里可以忽略 根據(jù)自己當(dāng)前業(yè)務(wù)系統(tǒng)選取生成方式
    public ResponseResult createToken(WechatUser wechatUser) {
        String openid = wechatUser.getOpenId();
        String token = MD5Util.getMD5Str(openid + System.currentTimeMillis());
        String flyingSessionId = MD5Util.getMD5Str("HAHA" + wechatUser.getOpenId());
        wechatUser.getStringRedisTemplate().opsForValue().set(token, wechatUser.getNickname());
        //外部登錄生成token
        String key = token + flyingSessionId;
        Map<String, String> redisData = new HashMap<>();
        redisData.put("HAHA-TOKEN", token);
        redisData.put("HAHA-SESSIONID", flyingSessionId);
        redisData.put("uid", wechatUser.getId() + "");
        redisData.put("openid", wechatUser.getOpenId());
        redisData.put("nickname", wechatUser.getNickname());
        wechatUser.getStringRedisTemplate().opsForHash().putAll(key, redisData);
        wechatUser.getStringRedisTemplate().expire(key, 86400, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return ResponseResult.okResult(redisData);
    }
}