@Bean
public NewTopic topic() {
    return new NewTopic("topic1", 2, (short) 1);
}

@RequestMapping("sendMsgWithTopic")
public String sendMsgWithTopic(@RequestParam String topic, @RequestParam int partition, @RequestParam String key,
                               @RequestParam String value) {
    ListenableFuture<SendResult<String, String>> future = kafkaTemplate.send(topic, partition, key, value);
    return "success";
}

public void sendToKafka(final MyOutputData data) {
    final ProducerRecord<String, String> record = createRecord(data);
    ListenableFuture<SendResult<Integer, String>> future = template.send(record);
    future.addCallback(new ListenableFutureCallback<SendResult<Integer, String>>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(SendResult<Integer, String> result) {
                handleSuccess(data);
            }
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Throwable ex) {
                handleFailure(data, record, ex);
           }
    });
}

public void sendToKafka(final MyOutputData data) {
    final ProducerRecord<String, String> record = createRecord(data);
    try {
            template.send(record).get(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            handleSuccess(data);
    }catch (ExecutionException e) {
            handleFailure(data, record, e.getCause());
    }catch (TimeoutException | InterruptedException e) {
            handleFailure(data, record, e);
    }
}

（1）Spring事務(wù)支持一起使用（@Transactional，TransactionTemplate等）
（2）使用template執(zhí)行事務(wù)
    boolean result = template.executeInTransaction(t -> {
    t.sendDefault("thing1", "thing2");
    t.sendDefault("cat", "hat");
    return true;
    });

（1）簡單使用
 @KafkaListener(id = "myListener", topics = "myTopic",
    autoStartup = "${listen.auto.start:true}", concurrency = "${listen.concurrency:3}")
 public void listen(String data) {
    ...
 }
（2）配置多個topic和partition，TopicPartition中partitions和PartitionOffset不能同時使用
 @KafkaListener(id = "thing2", topicPartitions =
    { @TopicPartition(topic = "topic1", partitions = { "0", "1" }),
      @TopicPartition(topic = "topic2", partitions = "0",
         partitionOffsets = @PartitionOffset(partition = "1", initialOffset = "100"))
    })
 public void listen(ConsumerRecord<?, ?> record) {
    ...
 }
（3）使用ack手動確認模式
 @KafkaListener(id = "cat", topics = "myTopic",
      containerFactory = "kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory")
 public void listen(String data, Acknowledgment ack) {
    ...
    ack.acknowledge();
 }
 (4)獲取消息的header信息
 @KafkaListener(id = "qux", topicPattern = "myTopic1")
 public void listen(@Payload String foo,
        @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_MESSAGE_KEY) Integer key,
        @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_PARTITION_ID) int partition,
        @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_TOPIC) String topic,
        @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_TIMESTAMP) long ts
    ) {
    ...
 }
（5）批處理
 @KafkaListener(id = "list", topics = "myTopic", containerFactory = "batchFactory")
 public void listen(List<String> list,
    @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_MESSAGE_KEY) List<Integer> keys,
    @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_PARTITION_ID) List<Integer> partitions,
    @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_TOPIC) List<String> topics,
    @Header(KafkaHeaders.OFFSET) List<Long> offsets) {
    ...
 }
（6）使用@Valid校驗數(shù)據(jù)
 @KafkaListener(id="validated", topics = "annotated35", errorHandler = "validationErrorHandler",
   containerFactory = "kafkaJsonListenerContainerFactory")
 public void validatedListener(@Payload @Valid ValidatedClass val) {
    ...
 }
 @Bean
 public KafkaListenerErrorHandler validationErrorHandler() {
    return (m, e) -> {
        ...
    };
 }
（7）topic根據(jù)參數(shù)類型映射不同方法
 @KafkaListener(id = "multi", topics = "myTopic")
 static class MultiListenerBean {
    @KafkaHandler
    public void listen(String cat) {
        ...
    }
    @KafkaHandler
    public void listen(Integer hat) {
        ...
    }
    @KafkaHandler
    public void delete(@Payload(required = false) KafkaNull nul, @Header(KafkaHeaders.RECEIVED_MESSAGE_KEY) int key) {
        ...
    }
 }