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C++使用tinyxml庫(kù)處理XML文件

更新時(shí)間：2023年07月27日 08:37:35 作者：大白曰夢(mèng)想家

TinyXML是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的解析XML的解析庫(kù)，能夠用于C++，能夠在Windows或Linux中編譯，這個(gè)解析庫(kù)的模型通過(guò)解析XML文件，然后在內(nèi)存中生成DOM模型，從而讓我們很方便的遍歷這棵XML樹(shù)，本文為大家介紹的是使用tinyxml庫(kù)處理XML文件，需要的可以參考一下

一、下載tinyxml

https://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/
打開(kāi)網(wǎng)頁(yè)，點(diǎn)擊Download下載后，里面包含了：tinyxml.h、tinystr.h、tinyxml.cpp、tinystr.cpp、tinyxmlparser.cpp、tinyxmlerror.cpp等文件。

二、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)XML文件

#include<stdio.h>
#include "tinyxml.h"
using namespace std;
int main(){
	TiXmlDocument* tinyXmlDoc = new TiXmlDocument();//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)XML	
	TiXmlDeclaration* tinyXmlDeclare = new TiXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "指定是否在XML中包含獨(dú)立性聲明");//創(chuàng)建頭部信息	
	tinyXmlDoc->LinkEndChild(tinyXmlDeclare);// 插入文檔類(lèi)中	
	TiXmlElement* Root = new TiXmlElement("Root");// 創(chuàng)建根節(jié)點(diǎn)的名稱(chēng)
	tinyXmlDoc->LinkEndChild(Root);	// 把根節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到XML中
	TiXmlElement *Child_one = new TiXmlElement("Child_one");//添加子節(jié)點(diǎn)Child_one
	Child_one->SetAttribute("Name", "大明");  //設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
	Child_one->SetAttribute("Gender", "Male");
	Child_one->SetAttribute("Age", "40");
	TiXmlText *Hobby = new TiXmlText("愛(ài)好：游泳");	// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Child_one->LinkEndChild(Hobby);	// 給Child_one節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	TiXmlElement *Sunzi_one = new TiXmlElement("Sunzi_one"); //創(chuàng)建Sunzi_one節(jié)點(diǎn)
	Sunzi_one->SetAttribute("Name", "小明");  //設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
	Sunzi_one->SetAttribute("Gender", "Male");
	Sunzi_one->SetAttribute("Age", "16");
	TiXmlText *Sunzione_hobby = new TiXmlText("愛(ài)好：象棋");	// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Sunzi_one->LinkEndChild(Sunzione_hobby);	// 給Sunzi_one節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	Child_one->LinkEndChild(Sunzi_one);		// Sunzi_one節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到Child_one節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	TiXmlElement *Sunzi_two = new TiXmlElement("Sunzi_two"); //創(chuàng)建Sunzi_two節(jié)點(diǎn)
	Sunzi_two->SetAttribute("Name", "小創(chuàng)");  //設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
	Sunzi_two->SetAttribute("Gender", "Male");
	Sunzi_two->SetAttribute("Age", "14");
	TiXmlText *Sunzitwo_hobby = new TiXmlText("愛(ài)好：武術(shù)");	// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Sunzi_two->LinkEndChild(Sunzitwo_hobby);	// 給Sunzi_two節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	Child_one->LinkEndChild(Sunzi_two);		// Sunzi_two節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到Child_one節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	TiXmlElement *Sunzi_three = new TiXmlElement("Sunzi_three"); //創(chuàng)建Sunzi_three節(jié)點(diǎn)
	Sunzi_three->SetAttribute("Name", "小花");  //設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
	Sunzi_three->SetAttribute("Gender", "Female");
	Sunzi_three->SetAttribute("Age", "13");
	TiXmlText *Sunzithree_hobby = new TiXmlText("愛(ài)好：跳舞");	// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Sunzi_three->LinkEndChild(Sunzithree_hobby);	// 給Sunzi_three節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	Child_one->LinkEndChild(Sunzi_three);		// Sunzi_three節(jié)點(diǎn)插入到Child_one節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	Root->LinkEndChild(Child_one);	//子節(jié)點(diǎn)Child_one插入到Root節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	//保存xml文件
	bool result = tinyXmlDoc->SaveFile("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");//將tinyXmlDoc寫(xiě)入xml文件
	if (result == true) printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入成功！\n");
	else printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入失??！\n");
	tinyXmlDoc->Print(); //控制臺(tái)打印XML
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

三、XML文件增加數(shù)據(jù)

#include<stdio.h>
#include "tinyxml.h"
using namespace std;
int main(){	
	TiXmlDocument* tinyXmlDoc = new TiXmlDocument("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");// 讀取xml文件
	tinyXmlDoc->LoadFile(TIXML_ENCODING_LEGACY);
	TiXmlDeclaration *pDeclar = tinyXmlDoc->FirstChild()->ToDeclaration(); // 讀取xml的頭部信息
	if (pDeclar != NULL) {
		printf("頭部信息： version is %s , encoding is %s\n", pDeclar->Version(), pDeclar->Encoding());
	}
	TiXmlElement *Root = new TiXmlElement("Root");//獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)
	Root = tinyXmlDoc->RootElement();
	TiXmlElement *Child_two = new TiXmlElement("Child_two");
	// 插入屬性
	Child_two->SetAttribute("Name", "大華");  //設(shè)置節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
	Child_two->SetAttribute("Gender", "Male");
	Child_two->SetAttribute("Age", "38");
	TiXmlText *Hobby = new TiXmlText("愛(ài)好圍棋");	// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Child_two->LinkEndChild(Hobby);	// 給Child_two節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	TiXmlElement *Description = new TiXmlElement("Description");
	TiXmlText *descriptionText = new TiXmlText("還喜歡學(xué)習(xí)編程");		// 創(chuàng)建文本
	Description->LinkEndChild(descriptionText);		// 給Description節(jié)點(diǎn)添加文本
	Child_two->LinkEndChild(Description);				// 插入到Book1節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	Root->LinkEndChild(Child_two);	// 插入到根節(jié)點(diǎn)下
	// 保存到文件	
	bool result = tinyXmlDoc->SaveFile("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");
	if (result == true) printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入成功！\n");
	else printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入失?。n");
	tinyXmlDoc->Print(); //控制臺(tái)打印XML
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

運(yùn)行3次后，結(jié)果如下圖：

四、修改XML文件

#include<stdio.h>
#include "tinyxml.h"
using namespace std;
int main(){	
	// 讀取xml文件
	TiXmlDocument* tinyXmlDoc = new TiXmlDocument("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");
	tinyXmlDoc->LoadFile(TIXML_ENCODING_LEGACY);
	TiXmlDeclaration *pDeclar = tinyXmlDoc->FirstChild()->ToDeclaration();// 讀取xml的頭部信息
	if (pDeclar != NULL) {
		printf("頭部信息： version is %s , encoding is %s\n", pDeclar->Version(), pDeclar->Encoding());
	}
	TiXmlElement *Root = new TiXmlElement("Root"); //獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)
	Root = tinyXmlDoc->RootElement();
	// 循環(huán)查找Child_two節(jié)點(diǎn)，修改屬性值
	TiXmlElement *Child_two = new TiXmlElement("Child_two");
	TiXmlElement* pItem = Root->FirstChildElement("Child_two");
	for (; pItem != NULL; pItem = pItem->NextSiblingElement("Child_two")) {
		// 找到屬性Name=大華的節(jié)點(diǎn)
		if (strcmp(pItem->Attribute("Name"), "大華") == 0) {
			pItem->SetAttribute("Age", "39");
			// 設(shè)置Child_two的子節(jié)點(diǎn)Description的值
			TiXmlElement* Description = pItem->FirstChildElement("Description");	// 獲得<Description>還喜歡學(xué)習(xí)編程</Description>
			TiXmlNode* des = Description->FirstChild();	// 獲取元素指針		// 獲得存儲(chǔ) "還喜歡學(xué)習(xí)編程" 的指針
			des->SetValue("最討厭編程");	// 重新為其設(shè)置值				
		}
	}
	// 保存xml到文件	
	bool result = tinyXmlDoc->SaveFile("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");
	if (result == true) printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入成功！\n");
	else printf("XML文件寫(xiě)入失敗！\n");
	tinyXmlDoc->Print(); //控制臺(tái)打印XML
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

五、解析XML文件

#include<stdio.h>
#include "tinyxml.h"
using namespace std;
int main() 
{
	TiXmlDocument* tinyXmlDoc = new TiXmlDocument("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");// 定義一個(gè)TiXmlDocument類(lèi)指針
	tinyXmlDoc->LoadFile(TIXML_ENCODING_LEGACY);
	//讀取xml的頭部信息
	TiXmlDeclaration* pDeclar = tinyXmlDoc->FirstChild()->ToDeclaration();
	if (pDeclar != NULL) {
		printf("Header info,version is %s , encoding is %s\n", pDeclar->Version(), pDeclar->Encoding());
		printf("\n");
	}
	//獲取文件根節(jié)點(diǎn)
	TiXmlElement* Root = new TiXmlElement("Root");
	if (Root){
		Root = tinyXmlDoc->RootElement();
	}
	// 解析Child_one節(jié)點(diǎn)
	TiXmlElement* Child_one = Root->FirstChildElement("Child_one");
	if (Child_one){
		printf("Child_one : %s\n", Child_one->GetText());
		printf("\n");
	}
	TiXmlElement* pItem = Root->FirstChildElement("Child_two");  // 函數(shù)FirstChildElement():找到指定名字的元素
	if (pItem){
		for (; pItem != NULL; pItem = pItem->NextSiblingElement("Child_two"))// 函數(shù)NextSiblingElement:在同一級(jí)元素中查找下一個(gè)指定名字的元素
		{
			// 解析Child_two節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性
			printf("Child_two: \n");
			printf("Name = %s\n", pItem->Attribute("Name"));
			printf("Gender = %s\n", pItem->Attribute("Gender"));
			printf("Age = %s\n", pItem->Attribute("Age"));
			// 解析Child_two的子節(jié)點(diǎn)
			TiXmlElement* Description = pItem->FirstChildElement("Description");
			if(Description){
				printf("Description = %s\n", Description->GetText());
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
	printf("\n");
	system("pause");
}

六、XML文件刪除數(shù)據(jù)

#include<stdio.h>
#include "tinyxml.h"
using namespace std;
int main() 
{
	TiXmlDocument* tinyXmlDoc = new TiXmlDocument("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");// 定義一個(gè)TiXmlDocument類(lèi)指針
	tinyXmlDoc->LoadFile(TIXML_ENCODING_LEGACY);
	//讀取xml的頭部信息
	TiXmlDeclaration* pDeclar = tinyXmlDoc->FirstChild()->ToDeclaration();
	if (pDeclar != NULL) {
		printf("Header info,version is %s , encoding is %s\n", pDeclar->Version(), pDeclar->Encoding());
		printf("\n");
	}
	//獲取文件根節(jié)點(diǎn)
	TiXmlElement* Root = new TiXmlElement("Root");
	if (Root){
		Root = tinyXmlDoc->RootElement();
	}
	// 刪除Sunzi_two節(jié)點(diǎn)的Gender屬性
	TiXmlElement* Child_one = Root->FirstChildElement("Child_one");
	TiXmlElement* pItem = Child_one->FirstChildElement("Sunzi_two");
	for (; pItem != NULL; pItem = pItem->NextSiblingElement("Sunzi_two")) {
		// 找到屬性Name=小創(chuàng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)
		if (strcmp(pItem->Attribute("Name"), "小創(chuàng)") == 0) {
			// 刪除Gender屬性
			pItem->RemoveAttribute("Gender");
		}
	}
	//刪除Child_two節(jié)點(diǎn)中屬性Name="大華"的節(jié)點(diǎn)
	pItem = Root->FirstChildElement("Child_two");
	for (; pItem != NULL; ) {
		// 找到屬性Name="大華"的節(jié)點(diǎn)
		if (strcmp(pItem->Attribute("Name"), "大華") == 0) {
			// 提前存儲(chǔ)刪除節(jié)點(diǎn)的下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)
			TiXmlElement* temporary = pItem->NextSiblingElement("Child_two");
			// 刪除當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)，刪除后pItem為NULL，如果再繼續(xù)使用它會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)
			Root->RemoveChild(pItem->ToElement());
			// 這里要進(jìn)行賦值回來(lái)
			pItem = temporary;
		} else {
			// 尋找下一個(gè)Child_two節(jié)點(diǎn)
			pItem = pItem->NextSiblingElement("Child_two");
		}
	}
	// 保存到文件	
	bool result = tinyXmlDoc->SaveFile("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/result.xml");
	if (result == true) printf("文件寫(xiě)入成功！\n");
	else printf("文件寫(xiě)入失??！\n");
	// 打印出來(lái)看看
	tinyXmlDoc->Print();
	printf("\n");
	system("pause");
}