# 修改主機名
hostname primary
sed -i 's/HOSTNAME=.*/HOSTNAME=primary/' /etc/sysconfig/network
# 重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)
service network restart
# 配置hosts解析，添加主備庫映射
cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF
# DG主備庫解析
192.168.56.101  primary
192.168.56.102  standby
EOF
# 驗證網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性
ping -c 3 primary
# 關(guān)閉NetworkManager服務(wù)
service NetworkManager stop
chkconfig NetworkManager off

# 臨時關(guān)閉iptables防火墻
service iptables stop
# 永久關(guān)閉防火墻開機自啟
chkconfig iptables off

# 臨時關(guān)閉SELinux
setenforce 0
# 永久關(guān)閉SELinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

# 驗證SELinux狀態(tài)，預(yù)期輸出Disabled
getenforce

# 創(chuàng)建用戶組
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1031 dba
groupadd -g 1032 oper

# 創(chuàng)建oracle用戶，加入用戶組
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

# 設(shè)置oracle用戶密碼（統(tǒng)一為oracle）
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle

# 驗證用戶創(chuàng)建成功
id oracle

# 創(chuàng)建基礎(chǔ)目錄、軟件目錄、通用數(shù)據(jù)目錄、歸檔目錄
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /soft

# 遞歸授權(quán)目錄給oracle用戶
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /soft

# 統(tǒng)一權(quán)限為775（Oracle官方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）
chmod -R 775 /u01
chmod -R 775 /soft

# 編輯內(nèi)核參數(shù)配置文件
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF

# Oracle 11g 核心內(nèi)核參數(shù)（3G內(nèi)存）
kernel.shmmax = 1610612736  # 物理內(nèi)存的50%，1.5GB，適配AMM自動內(nèi)存管理
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# DG穩(wěn)定性增強參數(shù)
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
EOF

# 注銷掉原先的kernel配置
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# 使內(nèi)核參數(shù)立即生效
sysctl -p

# 編輯/etc/fstab配置文件
vi /etc/fstab

# 找到tmpfs對應(yīng)的行，修改為以下內(nèi)容（無則直接在末尾追加）
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults,size=2000M        0 0

# 重新掛載生效，無需重啟系統(tǒng)
mount -o remount /dev/shm

# 驗證配置生效，預(yù)期輸出大小為2G左右
df -h /dev/shm

# 修改nproc配置，避免覆蓋limits.conf
vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
# 將* soft nproc 1024改為
*          soft    nproc     16384

# 添加Oracle用戶官方要求的資源限制
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOF
# Oracle用戶資源限制（官方強制要求）
oracle  soft    nproc   2047
oracle  hard    nproc   16384
oracle  soft    nofile  1024
oracle  hard    nofile  65536
oracle  soft    stack   10240
oracle  hard    stack   32768
EOF

# 配置login文件，啟用資源限制
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login <<EOF
session required pam_limits.so
EOF

# 配置profile全局用戶資源限制
cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
        ulimit -n 65536
    else
        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
    umask 022
fi
EOF

# 使配置生效
source /etc/profile

# 掛載系統(tǒng)光盤
mkdir /mnt/cdrom
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

# 配置本地YUM源
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo <<EOF
[local]
name=Local RHEL 6.10 DVD
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF

yum clean all
yum repolist

# 批量安裝依賴
yum install -y binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio \
libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst \
libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686

# 安裝rlwrap工具（需要先傳上去）
yum localinstall -y /soft/rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

# 驗證依賴包安裝完整性，無輸出則表示全部安裝成功
rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel | grep "not installed"

# 切換到oracle用戶
su - oracle

# 編輯環(huán)境變量文件
cat >> ~/.bash_profile <<'EOF'

# Shell基礎(chǔ)配置
PS1="[\u@\h:\w]\$ "
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"
export PS1

# Oracle核心環(huán)境變量
export LANG=en_US
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=primary
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=primdb
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORACLE_SID=primdb
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

# 字符集
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

# 路徑
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
umask 022
EOF

# 使環(huán)境變量生效
source ~/.bash_profile

# 驗證環(huán)境變量
echo $ORACLE_HOME
echo $PATH

su - oracle
cd /soft
# 解壓兩個分卷壓縮包（自動合并生成 database 文件夾）
unzip -o p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip -o p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

# 刪除壓縮包
rm p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
rm p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

# 重啟
exit
reboot

su - oracle
cd /soft/database
export DISPLAY=192.168.56.1:0.0
./runInstaller

# 修改主機名
hostname standby
sed -i 's/HOSTNAME=.*/HOSTNAME=standby/' /etc/sysconfig/network

# 配置網(wǎng)卡IP，編輯Host-Only網(wǎng)卡配置文件（ifcfg-eth0）
sed -i 's/^IPADDR=.*/IPADDR=192.168.56.102/' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

# 重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)
service network restart

# 檢查hosts解析，和主庫完全一致
cat /etc/hosts

# 驗證主備網(wǎng)絡(luò)互通
ping -c 3 primary
ping -c 3 standby

su - oracle
# 編輯.bash_profile，修改以下核心參數(shù)
sed -i 's/^export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=.*/export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=standby/' ~/.bash_profile
sed -i 's/^export ORACLE_UNQNAME=.*/export ORACLE_UNQNAME=standb/' ~/.bash_profile
sed -i 's/^export ORACLE_SID=.*/export ORACLE_SID=standb/' ~/.bash_profile

# 使配置生效
source ~/.bash_profile

# 驗證
echo $ORACLE_SID

# 創(chuàng)建審計目錄、數(shù)據(jù)目錄、歸檔目錄
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/standb/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch

# 遞歸授權(quán)整個Oracle目錄
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

# 給 rc.local 加執(zhí)行權(quán)限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
# 在文件最后一行添加：
# 備庫 Oracle 開機自啟（DG專用）
su - oracle -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start"
su - oracle -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup mount;
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
exit;
EOF"

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/primdb/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/primdb/dpdump
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/admin
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/admin

# 給 rc.local 加執(zhí)行權(quán)限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
# 在文件最后一行添加：
# 主庫 Oracle 開機自啟
su - oracle -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start"
su - oracle -c "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/bin/sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup;
exit;
EOF"

su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME
export DISPLAY=192.168.56.1:0.0
netca

# 啟動監(jiān)聽
lsnrctl start

# 驗證監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)
lsnrctl status

su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME
export DISPLAY=192.168.56.1:0.0
dbca

sqlplus / as sysdba

-- 查詢當(dāng)前強制日志狀態(tài)
select force_logging from v$database;

-- 開啟強制日志模式
alter database force logging;

-- 再次驗證，預(yù)期輸出YES
select force_logging from v$database;
exit

sqlplus / as sysdba

-- 查詢歸檔模式
archive log list;
select log_mode from v$database;
-- 預(yù)期輸出：Archive Mode
exit

shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;

sqlplus / as sysdba

-- 1. 設(shè)置db_unique_name，主庫唯一標(biāo)識
alter system set db_unique_name='primdb' scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 2. 配置DG集群節(jié)點列表，必須包含主備庫的db_unique_name
alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primdb,standb)' scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 3. 配置本地歸檔路徑
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primdb' scope=both sid='*';

-- 4. 配置備庫遠程歸檔路徑
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standb' scope=both sid='*';

-- 5. 啟用歸檔路徑
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=ENABLE scope=both sid='*';

-- 6. 配置備庫數(shù)據(jù)文件路徑轉(zhuǎn)換（主庫：備庫路徑在前，主庫路徑在后）
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb' scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 7. 配置備庫日志文件路徑轉(zhuǎn)換
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb' scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 8. 配置備庫文件自動管理
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 9. 配置FAL客戶端和服務(wù)端
alter system set fal_client='primary' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_server='standby' scope=both sid='*';

-- 10. 配置遠程登錄密碼文件
alter system set remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' scope=spfile sid='*';

-- 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫使所有spfile參數(shù)生效
shutdown immediate;
startup;

-- 驗證參數(shù)配置是否生效
show parameter db_unique_name;
show parameter log_archive_config;
exit

# 編輯監(jiān)聽配置文件
vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

# 靜態(tài)監(jiān)聽配置
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = primdb)
      (SID_NAME = primdb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1)
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

# 驗證監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)，預(yù)期看到primdb服務(wù)READY/UNKNOWN
lsnrctl status

# 編輯TNS配置文件
vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# 主庫本地別名
primary =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = primdb)
    )
  )

# 備庫遠程別名
standby =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = primdb)
    )
  )

# 主庫執(zhí)行：scp拷貝密碼文件到備庫
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
scp orapwprimdb oracle@standby:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
# 備庫執(zhí)行：重命名密碼文件為備庫的ORACLE_SID對應(yīng)名稱
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
mv orapwprimdb orapwstandb
# 驗證密碼文件權(quán)限，必須是640，屬主oracle:oinstall
ls -l orapwstandb

# 1. 主庫執(zhí)行：生成pfile參數(shù)文件
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
exit

# 2. 主庫執(zhí)行：拷貝pfile文件到備庫
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
scp initprimdb.ora oracle@standby:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/

# 3. 備庫執(zhí)行：重命名pfile文件為備庫ORACLE_SID對應(yīng)名稱
su - oracle
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
mv initprimdb.ora initstandb.ora

# 4. 備庫執(zhí)行：編輯pfile文件，修改核心參數(shù)
cat > initstandb.ora <<'EOF'
memory_target=1216M
memory_max_target=1216M
compatible=11.2.0.4.0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/standb/adump'
*.db_name='primdb'
*.db_unique_name='standb'
*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/control02.ctl'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(primdb,standb)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standb'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=primary LGWR SYNC AFFIRM VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primdb'
*.fal_client='standb'
*.fal_server='primary'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.processes=150
EOF

# 5. 備庫執(zhí)行：通過pfile創(chuàng)建spfile，啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount狀態(tài)
sqlplus / as sysdba
-- 通過pfile創(chuàng)建spfile
create spfile from pfile;
-- 啟動數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount狀態(tài)
startup nomount;
-- 驗證數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)，預(yù)期輸出STARTED
select status from v$instance;
exit

# 編輯監(jiān)聽配置文件
vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

# 靜態(tài)監(jiān)聽配置
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = primdb)
      (SID_NAME = standb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1)
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

# 驗證監(jiān)聽狀態(tài)
lsnrctl status

# 主庫執(zhí)行：拷貝tnsnames.ora到備庫
scp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora oracle@standby:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/
# 備庫驗證文件內(nèi)容
cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# 1. tnsping網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性測試
# 主庫執(zhí)行，預(yù)期均輸出OK
tnsping primary
tnsping standby

# 備庫執(zhí)行，預(yù)期均輸出OK
tnsping primary
tnsping standby

# 2. sysdba遠程登錄認(rèn)證測試
# 主庫執(zhí)行，遠程登錄備庫
sqlplus sys/oracle@standby as sysdba
SQL> select status from v$instance;
SQL> exit

# 備庫執(zhí)行，遠程登錄主庫
sqlplus sys/oracle@primary as sysdba
SQL> select status from v$instance;
SQL> exit

# 備庫執(zhí)行，連接主庫為target，備庫為auxiliary
rman target sys/oracle@primary auxiliary sys/oracle@standby nocatalog

# 核心命令，創(chuàng)建物理備庫
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

-- 備庫執(zhí)行，驗證數(shù)據(jù)庫角色和狀態(tài)
sqlplus / as sysdba
select open_mode,database_role from v$database;
exit

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ----------------
MOUNTED              PHYSICAL STANDBY

-- 主庫執(zhí)行，查詢在線redo日志組數(shù)量和大小
sqlplus / as sysdba
select group#,bytes/1024/1024 as size_m,status from v$log;

-- 示例：3組在線redo日志，每組50M，創(chuàng)建4組SRL
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb/stredo04.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb/stredo05.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb/stredo06.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/primdb/stredo07.log') size 50M;

-- 驗證SRL創(chuàng)建成功
select group#,bytes/1024/1024 as size_m,status from v$standby_log;
exit

-- 備庫執(zhí)行，創(chuàng)建SRL
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/stredo04.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/stredo05.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/stredo06.log') size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/standb/stredo07.log') size 50M;

-- 驗證SRL創(chuàng)建成功
select group#,bytes/1024/1024 as size_m,status from v$standby_log;
exit

-- 1. 備庫執(zhí)行，打開數(shù)據(jù)庫到只讀狀態(tài)
sqlplus / as sysdba
alter database open;

-- 驗證打開模式，預(yù)期輸出READ ONLY
select open_mode from v$database;

-- 2. 備庫執(zhí)行，開啟實時應(yīng)用模式
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
exit

sqlplus / as sysdba
select open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
exit

OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    PROTECTION_MODE      PROTECTION_LEVEL
-------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE

sqlplus / as sysdba
select process,status,thread#,sequence#,block# from v$managed_standby;
exit

PROCESS   STATUS          THREAD#  SEQUENCE#     BLOCK#
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
MRP0      WAIT_FOR_LOG          1          0          0
RFS       IDLE                  1         10        120

sqlplus / as sysdba
select name,value from v$dataguard_stats where name in ('apply lag','transport lag');
exit

NAME                  VALUE
--------------------- --------------------
transport lag         +00 00:00:00
apply lag             +00 00:00:00

-- 主庫執(zhí)行，創(chuàng)建測試表并插入數(shù)據(jù)
sqlplus / as sysdba
create table test_dg(id number,name varchar2(50));
insert into test_dg values(1,'DG同步測試成功');
insert into test_dg values(2,'Oracle 11g ADG實時同步');
commit;
-- 手動切換日志，觸發(fā)同步
alter system archive log current;
exit
-- 備庫執(zhí)行，查詢測試表
sqlplus / as sysdba
select * from test_dg;
exit

-- 1. 切換為最大可用模式（主庫執(zhí)行）
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database set standby database to maximize availability;
alter database open;
-- 2. 切換為最大保護模式（主庫執(zhí)行）
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database set standby database to maximize protection;
alter database open;
-- 3. 切回默認(rèn)最大性能模式（主庫執(zhí)行）
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database set standby database to maximize performance;
alter database open;
-- 驗證當(dāng)前保護模式
select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

-- 步驟1：主庫執(zhí)行，檢查切換狀態(tài)
select switchover_status from v$database;

-- 步驟2：主庫執(zhí)行，切換為備庫角色
alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

-- 步驟3：原主庫執(zhí)行，重啟到mount狀態(tài)
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;

-- 步驟4：原備庫執(zhí)行，檢查切換狀態(tài)
select switchover_status from v$database;

-- 步驟5：原備庫執(zhí)行，切換為主庫角色
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;

-- 步驟6：新主庫執(zhí)行，打開數(shù)據(jù)庫
alter database open;

-- 步驟7：新備庫執(zhí)行，開啟實時同步
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

-- 步驟8：驗證角色狀態(tài)
select database_role from v$database;

-- 步驟1：備庫執(zhí)行，檢查日志GAP，盡可能補齊主庫未傳輸?shù)臍w檔日志
select thread#,low_sequence#,high_sequence# from v$archive_gap;
-- 若有GAP，手動拷貝主庫歸檔到備庫，注冊后應(yīng)用
-- alter database register physical logfile '/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_10_1234567890.arc';
-- 步驟2：備庫執(zhí)行，結(jié)束redo應(yīng)用
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
-- 步驟3：備庫執(zhí)行，切換為主庫角色
alter database recover managed standby database finish;
alter database commit to switchover to primary;
-- 步驟4：新主庫執(zhí)行，打開數(shù)據(jù)庫
alter database open;
-- 步驟5：驗證角色狀態(tài)
select database_role from v$database;

-- 步驟1：主備庫均執(zhí)行，開啟DG Broker啟動參數(shù)
alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;
-- 步驟2：主備庫監(jiān)聽均添加DGMGRL靜態(tài)服務(wù)（listener.ora）
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = primdb)
      (SID_NAME = primdb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1)
    )
    -- 新增DGMGRL靜態(tài)服務(wù)
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = primdb_DGMGRL)
      (SID_NAME = primdb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1)
    )
  )
-- 主備庫重啟監(jiān)聽使配置生效
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start
-- 步驟3：主庫執(zhí)行，啟動DGMGRL工具，連接主庫
dgmgrl
DGMGRL> connect sys/oracle@primary
-- 步驟4：創(chuàng)建DG Broker配置
DGMGRL> create configuration 'dg_broker' as primary database is 'primdb' connect identifier is primary;
-- 步驟5：添加備庫到配置
DGMGRL> add database 'standb' as connect identifier is standby maintained as physical;
-- 步驟6：啟用配置
DGMGRL> enable configuration;
-- 步驟7：查看配置狀態(tài)
DGMGRL> show configuration;

# 查看主備庫詳情
show database verbose primdb;
show database verbose standb;
# 計劃內(nèi)switchover切換
switchover to standb;
# 故障failover切換
failover to standb;
# 禁用/啟用配置
disable configuration;
enable configuration;