項(xiàng)目
├─ Models/Entities       // 實(shí)體類(lèi)（對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表）
├─ Data                  // 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上下文
├─ Repositories
│   ├─ IRepository.cs    // 泛型倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)接口（基礎(chǔ)CRUD）
│   ├─ Repository.cs     // 泛型倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)
│   ├─ IUserRepo.cs      // 特定實(shí)體倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)接口
│   └─ UserRepo.cs       // 特定實(shí)體倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)實(shí)現(xiàn)
└─ Services/Controllers  // 調(diào)用倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)

Install-Package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
Install-Package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer

// Entities/User.cs
public class User
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Age { get; set; }
}

// Data/AppDbContext.cs
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

public class AppDbContext : DbContext
{
    public AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<AppDbContext> options) : base(options) { }

    public DbSet<User> Users => Set<User>();
}

// Repositories/IRepository.cs
using System.Linq.Expressions;

public interface IRepository<T> where T : class
{
    // 查詢(xún)
    Task<T> GetByIdAsync(int id);
    Task<List<T>> GetAllAsync();
    Task<List<T>> FindAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate);

    // 新增/修改/刪除
    Task AddAsync(T entity);
    Task UpdateAsync(T entity);
    Task DeleteAsync(T entity);

    // 保存
    Task SaveChangesAsync();
}

// Repositories/Repository.cs
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System.Linq.Expressions;

public class Repository<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class
{
    protected readonly AppDbContext _dbContext;
    private readonly DbSet<T> _dbSet;

    // 依賴(lài)注入 DbContext
    public Repository(AppDbContext dbContext)
    {
        _dbContext = dbContext;
        _dbSet = _dbContext.Set<T>();
    }

    public async Task<T> GetByIdAsync(int id) => await _dbSet.FindAsync(id);

    public async Task<List<T>> GetAllAsync() => await _dbSet.ToListAsync();

    public async Task<List<T>> FindAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>> predicate)
    {
        return await _dbSet.Where(predicate).ToListAsync();
    }

    public async Task AddAsync(T entity) => await _dbSet.AddAsync(entity);

    public Task UpdateAsync(T entity)
    {
        _dbSet.Update(entity);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    public Task DeleteAsync(T entity)
    {
        _dbSet.Remove(entity);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    public async Task SaveChangesAsync() => await _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
}

// IUserRepository.cs
public interface IUserRepository : IRepository<User>
{
    // 擴(kuò)展：根據(jù)姓名查詢(xún)用戶(hù)
    Task<User> GetUserByNameAsync(string name);
}

// UserRepository.cs
public class UserRepository : Repository<User>, IUserRepository
{
    public UserRepository(AppDbContext dbContext) : base(dbContext) { }

    public async Task<User> GetUserByNameAsync(string name)
    {
        return await _dbContext.Users.FirstOrDefaultAsync(u => u.Name == name);
    }
}

// 注冊(cè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上下文
builder.Services.AddDbContext<AppDbContext>(options =>
    options.UseSqlServer(builder.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));

// 注冊(cè)泛型倉(cāng)儲(chǔ) + 特定倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)
builder.Services.AddScoped(typeof(IRepository<>), typeof(Repository<>));
builder.Services.AddScoped<IUserRepository, UserRepository>();

[ApiController]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class UserController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly IUserRepository _userRepository;

    // 構(gòu)造函數(shù)注入
    public UserController(IUserRepository userRepository)
    {
        _userRepository = userRepository;
    }

    [HttpGet("{id}")]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Get(int id)
    {
        var user = await _userRepository.GetByIdAsync(id);
        return Ok(user);
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Add(User user)
    {
        await _userRepository.AddAsync(user);
        await _userRepository.SaveChangesAsync();
        return Created("", user);
    }
}

public interface IUnitOfWork : IDisposable
{
    IUserRepository Users { get; }
    Task<int> SaveChangesAsync();
}

public class UnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork
{
    private readonly AppDbContext _dbContext;
    public IUserRepository Users { get; }

    public UnitOfWork(AppDbContext dbContext)
    {
        _dbContext = dbContext;
        Users = new UserRepository(_dbContext);
    }

    public async Task<int> SaveChangesAsync() => await _dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();

    public void Dispose() => _dbContext.Dispose();
}

// Program.cs
builder.Services.AddScoped<IUnitOfWork, UnitOfWork>();

// Controller
private readonly IUnitOfWork _uow;
public UserController(IUnitOfWork uow) => _uow = uow;

// 調(diào)用
await _uow.Users.AddAsync(user);
await _uow.SaveChangesAsync();  // 統(tǒng)一提交