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Java xml出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤 javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: java.lang.NullPointerException

更新時(shí)間：2016年11月30日 10:43:59 作者：masson32

這篇文章主要介紹了Java xml出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤 javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: java.lang.NullPointerException的相關(guān)資料,需要的朋友可以參考下

Java xml出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤 javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: java.lang.NullPointerException解決辦法：

利用Java操作XML，在操作XML過程中，執(zhí)行到最后一步，在利用Transformer進(jìn)行XML轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)出現(xiàn)NullPointerException錯(cuò)誤，出問題的部分代碼如下：

 //轉(zhuǎn)換 
TransformerFactory tFactory =TransformerFactory.newInstance(); 
Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(); 
//需要轉(zhuǎn)換的內(nèi)存中XML源文件 
DOMSource source = new DOMSource(xmlDoc1); 
//生成的xml文件 
File xmlDoc2 = new File(outPutPath+generateXmlFileName); 
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(xmlDoc2); 
//轉(zhuǎn)換 
transformer.transform(source, result);

運(yùn)行到transform函數(shù)時(shí)出現(xiàn)以下錯(cuò)誤（比較長(zhǎng)，由于我是利用SWING設(shè)計(jì)圖形界面的，所以會(huì)有一些圖形界面事件調(diào)用的錯(cuò)誤）：

javax.xml.transform.TransformerException: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
m(TransformerImpl.java:717)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
m(TransformerImpl.java:313)
    at operation.AddNeuronID.addNeuronId(AddNeuronID.java:273)
    at operationUI.AddNeuronIDListener.constructor2Perform(AddNeuronIDListen
er.java:245)
    at operationUI.AddNeuronIDListener.actionPerformed(AddNeuronIDListener.j
ava:85)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(AbstractButton.java:19
95)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(AbstractButton.jav
a:2318)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(DefaultButtonModel
.java:387)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(DefaultButtonModel.java:242
)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonListener.mouseReleased(BasicButtonL
istener.java:236)
    at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Component.java:6041)
    at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(JComponent.java:3265)
    at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Component.java:5806)
    at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Container.java:2058)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Component.java:4413)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2116)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4243)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Container.java:4322
)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Container.java:3986)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Container.java:3916)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2102)
    at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Window.java:2440)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4243)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:599)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThre
ad.java:273)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.
java:183)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThre
ad.java:173)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:168)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:160)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:121)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToUnknownStream.characters
(ToUnknownStream.java:317)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:240)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:132)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:94)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
mIdentity(TransformerImpl.java:662)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
m(TransformerImpl.java:708)
    ... 29 more
---------
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToUnknownStream.characters
(ToUnknownStream.java:317)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:240)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:226)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:132)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java
:94)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
mIdentity(TransformerImpl.java:662)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
m(TransformerImpl.java:708)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerImpl.transfor
m(TransformerImpl.java:313)
    at operation.AddNeuronID.addNeuronId(AddNeuronID.java:273)
    at operationUI.AddNeuronIDListener.constructor2Perform(AddNeuronIDListen
er.java:245)
    at operationUI.AddNeuronIDListener.actionPerformed(AddNeuronIDListener.j
ava:85)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(AbstractButton.java:19
95)
    at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(AbstractButton.jav
a:2318)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(DefaultButtonModel
.java:387)
    at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(DefaultButtonModel.java:242
)
    at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonListener.mouseReleased(BasicButtonL
istener.java:236)
    at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Component.java:6041)
    at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(JComponent.java:3265)
    at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Component.java:5806)
    at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Container.java:2058)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Component.java:4413)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2116)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4243)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Container.java:4322
)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Container.java:3986)
    at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Container.java:3916)
    at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2102)
    at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Window.java:2440)
    at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4243)
    at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:599)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThre
ad.java:273)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.
java:183)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThre
ad.java:173)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:168)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:160)
    at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:121)

一開始我也感到奇怪，transform函數(shù)只是把在內(nèi)存中的XML樹轉(zhuǎn)換成文件，為何會(huì)出現(xiàn)nullPointer錯(cuò)誤呢。上網(wǎng)查了一下，沒什么人找到答案，最后在（http://blog.awe.cz/post/english/beware-of-null-text-nodes/）這個(gè)blog中找到相當(dāng)有用的答案.

其實(shí)認(rèn)真看看出錯(cuò)的信息，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有個(gè)信息比較重要：

java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToUnknownStream.characters(ToUnknownStream.java:317)
at com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.DOM2TO.parse(DOM2TO.java:240)

從這里可以看出是由于com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToUnknownStream.java文件中的characters函數(shù)出錯(cuò)，所在行數(shù)是317,到j(luò)dk安裝目錄，找到src，到相應(yīng)的文件夾serializer中找到ToUnknownStream.java，找到以下函數(shù)

/** 
  * Converts the String to a character array and calls the SAX method 
  * characters(char[],int,int); 
  * 
  * @see ExtendedContentHandler#characters(String) 
  */ 
  public void characters(String chars) throws SAXException 
  { 
    final int length = chars.length(); 
    if (length > m_charsBuff.length) 
    { 
      m_charsBuff = new char[length*2 + 1]; 
    } 
    chars.getChars(0, length, m_charsBuff, 0); 
    this.characters(m_charsBuff, 0, length);  
  }

很明顯，注意int length = chars.length(); 如果參數(shù)chars是null的話，調(diào)用length函數(shù)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)nullpoiterException錯(cuò)誤。再上一層，com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax下的DOM2TO.java文件的parse函數(shù)（240行）:

case Node.TEXT_NODE: 
    _handler.characters(node.getNodeValue()); 
    break;

在這里，就可以知道characters函數(shù)為什么出現(xiàn)null參數(shù)了。原因是此結(jié)點(diǎn)是文本結(jié)點(diǎn)TEXT_NODE,而調(diào)用本結(jié)點(diǎn)中沒有內(nèi)容(null),當(dāng)調(diào)用getNodeValue時(shí)，返回null.

上升到transform函數(shù)，出現(xiàn)結(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)容為null，那在DOMSource類中，由于它是在內(nèi)存中建立起來的XML樹，所以肯定是這個(gè)XML樹中的有一個(gè)或多個(gè)元素或結(jié)點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容為null。

OK，問題原因找到。解決辦法很簡(jiǎn)單，DOMSource中有元素或結(jié)點(diǎn)為null，那一定是在操作XML時(shí)，或者是修改內(nèi)容，添加元素等等操作，使內(nèi)容變?yōu)閚ull。所以現(xiàn)在需要做的就是找到修改或添加元素內(nèi)容的代碼，把有可能出現(xiàn)null的情況進(jìn)行處理，如果檢測(cè)到為null，則不修改XML或不添加此元素。最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是用if語句。即setNodeValue(String str)或setTextContent(String str)之前，先查看參數(shù)str是否為空（if(str == null)），如果空則不調(diào)用此函數(shù)。

而在我的程序中，確實(shí)我是把空的內(nèi)容加入到元素中。代碼如下：deviceAndIDMap是一個(gè)HashMap，當(dāng)它調(diào)用get時(shí)，不存在此主鍵時(shí)，會(huì)返回null.

String neuronIdStr = deviceAndIDMap.get(nameContent); 
//更新 
neuronIdElem.getFirstChild().setNodeValue(neuronIdStr);

因此我加一下if語句，就可以解決問題了，代碼（此代碼是在for循環(huán)中的，因此用coninue來跳過本次的修改）如下：

String neuronIdStr = deviceAndIDMap.get(nameContent); 
if(neuronIdStr == null) 
{ 
   continue; 
} 
//更新 
neuronIdElem.getFirstChild().setNodeValue(neuronIdStr);

問題解決！

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