在Mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里通過(guò)存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)樹形的遍歷

更新時(shí)間：2016年11月02日 14:30:09 投稿：mrr

關(guān)于多級(jí)別菜單欄或者權(quán)限系統(tǒng)中部門上下級(jí)的樹形遍歷，oracle中有connect by來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，mysql沒(méi)有這樣的便捷途徑，所以MySQL遍歷數(shù)據(jù)表是我們經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到的頭痛問(wèn)題，下面給大家介紹在Mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里通過(guò)存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)樹形的遍歷，一起看看吧

關(guān)于多級(jí)別菜單欄或者權(quán)限系統(tǒng)中部門上下級(jí)的樹形遍歷，oracle中有connect by來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，mysql沒(méi)有這樣的便捷途徑，所以MySQL遍歷數(shù)據(jù)表是我們經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到的頭痛問(wèn)題，下面通過(guò)存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

1，建立測(cè)試表和數(shù)據(jù)：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS csdn.channel; 
CREATE TABLE csdn.channel ( 
id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 
cname VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL, 
parent_id INT(11) DEFAULT NULL, 
PRIMARY KEY (id) 
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 
INSERT INTO channel(id,cname,parent_id) 
VALUES (13,'首頁(yè)',-1), 
(14,'TV580',-1), 
(15,'生活580',-1), 
(16,'左上幻燈片',13), 
(17,'幫忙',14), 
(18,'欄目簡(jiǎn)介',17); 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS channel;

2，利用臨時(shí)表和遞歸過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)樹的遍歷（mysql的UDF不能遞歸調(diào)用）：

2.1，從某節(jié)點(diǎn)向下遍歷子節(jié)點(diǎn)，遞歸生成臨時(shí)表數(shù)據(jù)

-- pro_cre_childlist
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_childlist
CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_childlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT)
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE b INT;
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM channel WHERE parent_id=rootId;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;
SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12;
INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth); 
OPEN cur1; 
FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
WHILE done=0 DO 
CALL pro_cre_childlist(b,nDepth+1); 
FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
END WHILE; 
CLOSE cur1;

2.2，從某節(jié)點(diǎn)向上追溯根節(jié)點(diǎn)，遞歸生成臨時(shí)表數(shù)據(jù)

-- pro_cre_parentlist
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS csdn.pro_cre_parentlist
CREATE PROCEDURE csdn.pro_cre_parentlist(IN rootId INT,IN nDepth INT) 
BEGIN 
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
DECLARE b INT; 
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT parent_id FROM channel WHERE id=rootId; 
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
INSERT INTO tmpLst VALUES (NULL,rootId,nDepth); 
OPEN cur1; 
FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
WHILE done=0 DO 
CALL pro_cre_parentlist(b,nDepth+1); 
FETCH cur1 INTO b; 
END WHILE; 
CLOSE cur1;

2.3，實(shí)現(xiàn)類似Oracle SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH的功能，遞歸過(guò)程輸出某節(jié)點(diǎn)id路徑

-- pro_cre_pathlist
USE csdn
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pathlist
CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pathlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))
BEGIN 
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0; 
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(CAST(t.parent_id AS CHAR),delimit,pathstr) 
FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid; 
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
OPEN cur1; 
FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
WHILE done=0 DO 
CALL pro_cre_pathlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr); 
FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
END WHILE; 
CLOSE cur1; 
DELIMITER ;

2.4，遞歸過(guò)程輸出某節(jié)點(diǎn)name路徑

-- pro_cre_pnlist
USE csdn
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_cre_pnlist
CREATE PROCEDURE pro_cre_pnlist(IN nid INT,IN delimit VARCHAR(10),INOUT pathstr VARCHAR(1000))
BEGIN 
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0; 
DECLARE parentid INT DEFAULT 0; 
DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR 
SELECT t.parent_id,CONCAT(t.cname,delimit,pathstr) 
FROM channel AS t WHERE t.id = nid; 
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1; 
SET max_sp_recursion_depth=12; 
OPEN cur1; 
FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
WHILE done=0 DO 
CALL pro_cre_pnlist(parentid,delimit,pathstr); 
FETCH cur1 INTO parentid,pathstr; 
END WHILE; 
CLOSE cur1; 
DELIMITER ;

2.5，調(diào)用函數(shù)輸出id路徑

-- fn_tree_path
DELIMITER
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_path
CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_path(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8 
BEGIN 
DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000); 
SET pathid=CAST(nid AS CHAR); 
CALL pro_cre_pathlist(nid,delimit,pathid); 
RETURN pathid; 
END

2.6，調(diào)用函數(shù)輸出name路徑

-- fn_tree_pathname
-- 調(diào)用函數(shù)輸出name路徑 
DELIMITER
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS csdn.fn_tree_pathname
CREATE FUNCTION csdn.fn_tree_pathname(nid INT,delimit VARCHAR(10)) RETURNS VARCHAR(2000) CHARSET utf8 
BEGIN 
DECLARE pathid VARCHAR(1000); 
SET pathid=''; 
CALL pro_cre_pnlist(nid,delimit,pathid); 
RETURN pathid; 
END
DELIMITER ;

2.7，調(diào)用過(guò)程輸出子節(jié)點(diǎn)

-- pro_show_childLst 
DELIMITER
-- 調(diào)用過(guò)程輸出子節(jié)點(diǎn) 
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS pro_show_childLst
CREATE PROCEDURE pro_show_childLst(IN rootId INT) 
BEGIN 
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst; 
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst 
(sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT); 
CALL pro_cre_childlist(rootId,0); 
SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname 
FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno; 
END

2.8，調(diào)用過(guò)程輸出父節(jié)點(diǎn)

-- pro_show_parentLst
DELIMITER
-- 調(diào)用過(guò)程輸出父節(jié)點(diǎn) 
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `pro_show_parentLst`
CREATE PROCEDURE `pro_show_parentLst`(IN rootId INT) 
BEGIN 
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmpLst; 
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tmpLst 
(sno INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,id INT,depth INT); 
CALL pro_cre_parentlist(rootId,0); 
SELECT channel.id,CONCAT(SPACE(tmpLst.depth*2),'--',channel.cname) NAME,channel.parent_id,tmpLst.depth,fn_tree_path(channel.id,'/') path,fn_tree_pathname(channel.id,'/') pathname 
FROM tmpLst,channel WHERE tmpLst.id=channel.id ORDER BY tmpLst.sno; 
END

3，開始測(cè)試：

3.1，從根節(jié)點(diǎn)開始顯示，顯示子節(jié)點(diǎn)集合：

mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(-1);
+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
| 13 | --首頁(yè) | -1 | 1 | -1/13 | 首頁(yè)/ |
| 16 | --左上幻燈片 | 13 | 2 | -1/13/16 | 首頁(yè)/左上幻燈片/ |
| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
| 17 | --幫忙 | 14 | 2 | -1/14/17 | TV580/幫忙/ |
| 18 | --欄目簡(jiǎn)介 | 17 | 3 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/幫忙/欄目簡(jiǎn)介/ |
| 15 | --生活580 | -1 | 1 | -1/15 | 生活580/ |
+----+-----------------------+-----------+-------+-------------+----------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.05 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

3.2，顯示首頁(yè)下面的子節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_childLst(13);
mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(13);
+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
| 13 | --首頁(yè) | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首頁(yè)/ |
| 16 | --左上幻燈片 | 13 | 1 | -1/13/16 | 首頁(yè)/左上幻燈片/ |
+----+---------------------+-----------+-------+----------+-------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

3.3，顯示TV580下面的所有子節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_childLst(14);
mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(14);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
| 17 | --幫忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/幫忙/ |
| 18 | --欄目簡(jiǎn)介 | 17 | 2 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/幫忙/欄目簡(jiǎn)介/ |
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

3.4，“幫忙”節(jié)點(diǎn)有一個(gè)子節(jié)點(diǎn)，顯示出來(lái)：

CALL pro_show_childLst(17);
mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(17);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 17 | --幫忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/幫忙/ |
| 18 | --欄目簡(jiǎn)介 | 17 | 1 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/幫忙/欄目簡(jiǎn)介/ |
2 rows in set (0.03 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>

3.5，“欄目簡(jiǎn)介”沒(méi)有子節(jié)點(diǎn)，所以只顯示最終節(jié)點(diǎn)：

mysql> CALL pro_show_childLst(18);
+--| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 18 | --欄目簡(jiǎn)介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/幫忙/欄目簡(jiǎn)介/ |
1 row in set (0.36 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)
mysql>

3.6，顯示根節(jié)點(diǎn)的父節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);
mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(-1);
Empty set (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>

3.7，顯示“首頁(yè)”的父節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);
mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(13);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 13 | --首頁(yè) | -1 | 0 | -1/13 | 首頁(yè)/ |
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

3.8，顯示“TV580”的父節(jié)點(diǎn)，parent_id為-1

CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);
mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(14);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 0 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

3.9，顯示“幫忙”節(jié)點(diǎn)的父節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);
mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(17);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 17 | --幫忙 | 14 | 0 | -1/14/17 | TV580/幫忙/ |
| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 1 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

3.10，顯示最低層節(jié)點(diǎn)“欄目簡(jiǎn)介”的父節(jié)點(diǎn)

CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);
mysql> CALL pro_show_parentLst(18);
| id | NAME | parent_id | depth | path | pathname |
| 18 | --欄目簡(jiǎn)介 | 17 | 0 | -1/14/17/18 | TV580/幫忙/欄目簡(jiǎn)介/ |
| 17 | --幫忙 | 14 | 1 | -1/14/17 | TV580/幫忙/ |
| 14 | --TV580 | -1 | 2 | -1/14 | TV580/ |
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>

以上所述是小編給大家介紹的在Mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里通過(guò)存儲(chǔ)過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)樹形的遍歷，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問(wèn)請(qǐng)給我留言，小編會(huì)及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對(duì)腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持！

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