CentOS7編譯安裝新版LNMP環(huán)境

更新時間：2016年10月20日 09:21:14 作者：centoscn

本文給大家分享的是在最新版的centos系統(tǒng)中編譯安裝lnmp環(huán)境的詳細步驟，非常的實用，推薦需要的小伙伴們參考下

由于公司要求需要最新版的ZABBIX2.4.4需要最新版的系統(tǒng)CENTOS7和新版的LNMP環(huán)境，所以本人摸索著使用新版的環(huán)境搭建了LNMP系統(tǒng)，環(huán)境版本如下：

系統(tǒng)：CentOS 7 x86_64
NGINX：nginx-1.7.12
數(shù)據(jù)庫：mariadb-10.0.13
PHP：php-5.5.23

首先做一些準備工作，先把centos7的防火墻更換成iptables，可以參見如下鏈接

centos7防火墻設(shè)置iptables

修改成iptables之后就可以清空iptables里面的過濾規(guī)則了，然后再關(guān)閉selinux服務。記得不要忘了先安裝gcc gcc-c++ wget net-tools等功能哦。

首先安裝mariadb

應為數(shù)據(jù)庫編譯需要很長時間，所以我這里下載的是已經(jīng)編譯好了的二進制包，下載版本為 mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz

1、下載二進制包到/usr/local/src 目錄下：

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos74 src]# wget http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/mariadb/mariadb-10.0.13/bintar-quantal-amd64/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz[/code]

2、將壓縮包解壓到/usr/local 目錄下：

[code][root@centos74 src]# tar zvxf mariadb-10.0.13-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

3、創(chuàng)建mariadb 數(shù)據(jù)初始化目錄/data/mysql:

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

4、添加系統(tǒng)用戶mysql,禁止登陸系統(tǒng)，同時，將mariadb 數(shù)據(jù)初始化目錄所屬主和組都修改為mysql:

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 src]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql ;chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

5、重命名解壓出來的mariadb 目錄：

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 src]# mv /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.13-linux-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql

6、進入重命名后的目錄，初始化mariadb:

[root@centos74 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@centos74 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mysql' ...
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using mutexes to ref count buffer pool pages
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
140906 2:03:19 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
........................................................................
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from
SkySQL Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@skysql.com.
Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/

報錯：WARNING: The host 'test4' could not be looked up with resolveip.
解決辦法：vim /etc/hosts 在最后一行添加192.168.1.242 test4

報錯：./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解決辦法：yum -y install libaio-devel libaio

7、復制配置文件到/etc目錄覆蓋之前的my.cnf:

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

8、復制mysql 啟動腳本文件到/etc/init.d 目錄下并重命名為mysqld:

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

同時修改啟動腳本的權(quán)限為755：

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 mysql]# chmod 755 !$

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

9、編輯啟動腳本，定義datadir 路徑：

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@centos74 mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

定義數(shù)據(jù)存放路徑：
datadir=/data/mysql

10、將mariadb自帶命令放入$PATH

[root@localhost ~]# PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/#當前有效，重啟shell就失效
[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/etc/init.d/" >>/etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/" >>/etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# source !$

11、啟動mariadb:

[root@centos74 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

第二步，開始安裝php

這里要先聲明一下，針對Nginx的php安裝和針對apache的php安裝是有區(qū)別的，因為Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式結(jié)合nginx的，可以理解為nginx代理了php的fastcgi，而apache是把php作為自己的模塊來調(diào)用的。同樣的，php官方下載地址: http://www.php.net/downloads.php

下載php

[rot@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]# wget http://am1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.23.tar.gz

解壓php

[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.5.23.tar.gz

創(chuàng)建相關(guān)賬戶

[root@localhost src]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm

配置編譯參數(shù)

復制代碼代碼如下:

[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.5.23

[root@localhost src]# yum -y install gcc make gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel 

[root@localhost php-5.5.23]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd  --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local --with-gettext

錯誤：configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解決辦法：yum -y install libxml2-devel

錯誤：configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
解決辦法：yum -y install libcurl-devel

錯誤：configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解決辦法：yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel

錯誤：configure: error: png.h not found.
解決辦法：yum -y install libpng-devel

錯誤：configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解決辦法：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

錯誤：configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.
解決辦法：yum -y install libmcrypt-devel

安裝php

[root@localhost php-5.3.27]# make && make install

以上每一個步驟，如果沒有完全執(zhí)行正確，那么下一步是無法進行的，使用 echo $? 看結(jié)果是否為 “0” , 如果不是，就是沒有執(zhí)行正確。

修改配置文件

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

把如下內(nèi)容寫入該文件:

[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024

保存配置文件后，檢驗配置是否正確的方法為:

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t

如果出現(xiàn)諸如 “test is successful” 字樣，說明配置沒有問題。

啟動php-fpm

cp /usr/local/src/php-5.5.23/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
service php-fpm start

如果想讓它開機啟動，執(zhí)行:

chkconfig php-fpm on

檢測是否啟動:

ps aux |grep php-fpm

看看是不是有很多個進程（大概20多個）。

安裝nginx

下載nginx

cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz

解壓nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz

配置編譯參數(shù)

cd nginx-1.7.12
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre

報錯：./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
解決辦法：yum -y install pcre-devel

報錯：./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
解決辦法：yum install -y zlib-devel

編譯nginx

make

安裝nginx

make install

編寫nginx啟動腳本，并加入系統(tǒng)服務

vim /etc/init.d/nginx

寫入如下內(nèi)容:

#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"

start() {
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
    rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

reload(){
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    return $RETVAL
}

restart(){
    stop
    start
}

configtest(){
  $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
  return 0
}

case "$1" in
 start)
    start
    ;;
 stop)
    stop
    ;;
 reload)
    reload
    ;;
 restart)
    restart
    ;;
 configtest)
    configtest
    ;;
 *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
    RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

保存后，更改權(quán)限:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx

如果想開機啟動，請執(zhí)行:

chkconfig nginx on

更改nginx配置

首先把原來的配置文件清空:

> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

“>” 這個符號為重定向的意思，單獨用它，可以把一個文本文檔快速清空。

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

寫入如下內(nèi)容:

user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 6000;
}

http
{
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
  server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
  log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
  '$host "$request_uri" $status'
  '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  keepalive_timeout 30;
  client_header_timeout 3m;
  client_body_timeout 3m;
  send_timeout 3m;
  connection_pool_size 256;
  client_header_buffer_size 1k;
  large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
  request_pool_size 4k;
  output_buffers 4 32k;
  postpone_output 1460;
  client_max_body_size 10m;
  client_body_buffer_size 256k;
  client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
  proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
  fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 4 8k;
  gzip_comp_level 5;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;

server
{
  listen 80;
  server_name localhost;
  index index.html index.htm index.php;
  root /usr/local/nginx/html;

  location ~ \.php$ {
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
  }

}

}

保存配置后，先檢驗一下配置文件是否有錯誤存在:

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果顯示內(nèi)容如下，則配置正確，否則需要根據(jù)錯誤提示修改配置文件:

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

啟動nginx:

service nginx start

如果不能啟動，請查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，檢查nginx是否啟動:

ps aux |grep nginx

看是否有進程。

測試是否解析php文件

創(chuàng)建測試文件:

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/2.php

內(nèi)容如下:

<?php echo phpinfo();?>

測試:

[root@localhost nginx]# curl localhost/2.php

或者使用瀏覽器打開http://YourServerIPAddress/2.php

重要：如果解析不了，檢查日志發(fā)現(xiàn)連接不到php，我的php版本為5.5.23，比較新的版本，需要在php/etc/php-fpm.conf文件中添加

listen.owner = nobody
listen.group = nobody

這兩行，再重啟一下服務就能使用php了

原因是/tmp/php-fcgi.sock這個文件沒有讀權(quán)限

至此，最新版的LNMP環(huán)境源碼編譯安裝完成了

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