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springMVC配置環(huán)境實(shí)現(xiàn)文件上傳和下載

更新時(shí)間：2021年05月18日 10:40:54 作者：Past_Future

這篇文章主要為大家詳細(xì)介紹了springMVC配置環(huán)境實(shí)現(xiàn)文件上傳和下載的相關(guān)資料，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

最近的項(xiàng)目中用到了文件的上傳和下載功能，我覺著這個(gè)功能比較重要，因此特意把它提取出來自己進(jìn)行了嘗試。

下面就是springMVC配置環(huán)境實(shí)現(xiàn)文件上傳和下載的具體步驟，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

一、基礎(chǔ)配置：

maven導(dǎo)包及配置pom.xml，導(dǎo)包時(shí)除開springmvc的基礎(chǔ)依賴外，需要導(dǎo)入文件上傳下載時(shí)用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId> 
 <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId> 
 <packaging>war</packaging> 
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
 <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name> 
 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 
 <build> 
 <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName> 
 <plugins> 
 <!-- 以下配置可以保證每次強(qiáng)制更新時(shí)jre版本不會(huì)變化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5為例，如果不設(shè)置這個(gè)，每次強(qiáng)制更新時(shí)jre就會(huì)變回1.5 --> 
 <plugin> 
 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
 <version>2.3.2</version> 
 <configuration> 
  <source>1.7</source> 
  <target>1.7</target> 
  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> 
  <compilerArguments> 
  <verbose /> 
  <bootclasspath>${java.home}\lib\rt.jar</bootclasspath> 
  </compilerArguments> 
 </configuration> 
 </plugin> 
 </plugins> 
 </build> 
 <dependencies> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>junit</groupId> 
 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
 <version>3.8.1</version> 
 <scope>test</scope> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
 <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> 
 <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> 
 <version>1.3.1</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>commons-io</groupId> 
 <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> 
 <version>2.4</version> 
 </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
</project>

web.xml基礎(chǔ)配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
 id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
 <filter> 
 <description>字符集過濾器</description> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
 <init-param> 
 <description>字符集編碼</description> 
 <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
 <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 </filter> 
 <filter-mapping> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
 </filter-mapping> 
 <servlet> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
 <init-param> 
 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
 <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 </servlet> 
 <servlet-mapping> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> 
 </servlet-mapping> 
 <welcome-file-list> 
 <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> 
 </welcome-file-list> 
</web-app>

spring基礎(chǔ)配置spring.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
 xsi:schemaLocation=" 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> 
 
 
 <context:annotation-config /> 
 <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
 <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" /> 
 
 <!-- 避免IE執(zhí)行AJAX時(shí),返回JSON出現(xiàn)下載文件 --> 
 <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" 
 class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> 
 <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> 
 <list> 
 <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value> 
 </list> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
 
 
 <!-- 啟動(dòng)Spring MVC的注解功能，完成請(qǐng)求和注解POJO的映射 --> 
 <bean 
 class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> 
 <property name="messageConverters"> 
 <list> 
 <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json轉(zhuǎn)換器 --> 
 </list> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 支持上傳文件 --> 
 <bean id="multipartResolver" 
 class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" > 
 <!-- 100M --> 
 <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property> 
 <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property> 
 </bean> 
</beans>

二、文件上傳的代碼

上傳的簡(jiǎn)單頁面index.html,要注意form表單提交時(shí)的entype的設(shè)置：

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<head> 
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
</head> 
<body> 
 <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 
  選擇文件：<input type="file" name="file"/> 
  <input type="submit" value="提交"/> 
 </form> 
</body> 
</html>

上傳對(duì)應(yīng)的后臺(tái)java代碼，具體問題見注釋：

package controllers; 
 
 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.util.Iterator; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; 
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; 
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; 
import org.springframework.http.MediaType; 
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; 
 
 
@Controller 
public class fileController { 
 
 
 /** 
 * 文件上傳 
 * 
 * @author：tuzongxun 
 * @Title: upLoadFile 
 * @param @param file 
 * @param @param request 
 * @param @throws IllegalStateException 
 * @param @throws IOException 
 * @return void 
 * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM 
 * @throws 
 */ 
 @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST) 
 public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request) 
 throws IllegalStateException, IOException { 
 // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, 
 CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver( 
 request.getSession().getServletContext()); 
 // 判斷 request 是否有文件上傳,即多部分請(qǐng)求 
 if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) { 
 // 轉(zhuǎn)換成多部分request 
 MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request; 
 // 取得request中的所有文件名 
 Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); 
 while (iter.hasNext()) { 
 // 取得上傳文件 
 MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); 
 if (f != null) { 
  // 取得當(dāng)前上傳文件的文件名稱 
  String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename(); 
  // 如果名稱不為“”,說明該文件存在，否則說明該文件不存在 
  if (myFileName.trim() != "") { 
  // 定義上傳路徑 
  String path = "C:\\Users\\tuzongxun123\\Desktop\\" 
  + myFileName; 
  File localFile = new File(path); 
  f.transferTo(localFile); 
  } 
 } 
 } 
 } 
 } 
}

當(dāng)選擇文件提交后，便會(huì)看到選中的文件被傳到了代碼中指定的位置，頁面效果圖如下

三、文件下載

文件下載需要獲取下載文件的存儲(chǔ)路徑，這里只是手動(dòng)填入，如果是在具體項(xiàng)目中，可以把文件名和上傳后的存儲(chǔ)路徑保存在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中。然后增加一個(gè)文件列表的頁面展示文件名和文件路徑，然后點(diǎn)擊下載的時(shí)候把相應(yīng)的文件名和路徑傳到后臺(tái)操作。

/** 
 * 文件下載，需要文件名和文件地址 
 * 
 * @author：tuzongxun 
 * @Title: download 
 * @param@param name 
 * @param@param path 
 * @param@return 
 * @param@throws IOException 
 * @returnResponseEntity<byte[]> 
 * @date Apr 28,2016 1:21:32 PM 
 * @throws 
 */ 
 @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do") 
 public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name, 
  @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException { 
 File file = new File(path); 
 HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); 
 String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 為了解決中文名稱亂碼問題 
 headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName); 
 headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM); 
 return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), 
  headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); 
 }

Html頁面，這里只是簡(jiǎn)單的填寫文件名和文件路徑，用form表單提交到后臺(tái)，然后后臺(tái)會(huì)控制response在頁面彈出保存文件路徑的選擇框，當(dāng)然了，這里的后臺(tái)我沒有做什么處理，如果文件不存在是會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)的，可以進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的處理：
文件下載：

 </br> </br> 
 <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post"> 
  文件名：<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br> 
  文件路徑：<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br> 
  <input type="submit" value="確認(rèn)下載"/> 
 </form>

頁面視圖如下：