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C++利用靜態(tài)成員或類模板構(gòu)建鏈表的方法講解

更新時(shí)間：2016年04月09日 12:05:17 作者：hzy3774

這篇文章主要介紹了C++利用靜態(tài)成員或類模板構(gòu)建鏈表的方法講解,鏈表是基礎(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),而在C++中構(gòu)件單鏈表還是稍顯復(fù)雜,需要的朋友可以參考下

直接上代碼了，說(shuō)明看注釋就可以：

利用靜態(tài)成員構(gòu)建鏈表

#include <IOSTREAM.H> 
 
class Node 
{ 
public: 
  Node(int val, Node* next):val(val),next(next){} 
  //~Node(){cout<<"del "<<val<<endl;} 
  static void showAll();//打印全部節(jié)點(diǎn)的值 
  static void insertHead(int);//頭插 
  static void insertTail(int);//尾插 
  static void delHead();//刪頭 
  static void delTail();//刪尾 
  static void clear();//清空 
protected: 
  int val; 
  Node *next; 
  static Node *head; 
private: 
}; 
 
Node* Node::head = 0; 
 
void Node::showAll(){//打印全部節(jié)點(diǎn)的值 
  Node *p = head; 
  while (p) 
  { 
    cout<<p->val<<" "; 
    p = p->next; 
  } 
  cout<<endl; 
} 
 
void Node::insertHead(int val){//頭插 
  Node *p = new Node(val, head); 
  head = p; 
} 
 
void Node::insertTail(int val){//尾插 
  Node *p = new Node(val, 0); 
  if (!head) 
  { 
    head = p; 
    return; 
  } 
  Node *q = head; 
  while (q->next) 
  { 
    q = q->next; 
  } 
  q->next = p; 
} 
 
void Node::delHead(){//刪頭 
  Node *p = head; 
  if (head) 
  { 
    head = head->next; 
    delete p; 
  } 
} 
 
void Node::delTail(){//刪尾 
  if (!head) 
  { 
    return; 
  } 
  if (!(head->next)) 
  { 
    delete(head); 
    head = NULL; 
    return; 
  } 
  Node *p = head; 
  while (p->next->next) 
  { 
    p = p->next; 
  } 
  delete(p->next); 
  p->next = NULL; 
} 
 
void Node::clear(){//清空 
  Node *p = head; 
  Node *q = 0; 
  head = 0; 
  while (p) 
  { 
    q = p; 
    p = p->next; 
    delete q; 
  } 
} 
 
void main(){ 
  Node::delHead(); 
  Node::delTail(); 
  Node::insertTail(2); 
  Node::delTail(); 
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) 
  { 
    Node::insertTail(i + 1); 
  } 
  Node::delTail(); 
  Node::showAll(); 
}

利用類模板構(gòu)建鏈表
這有點(diǎn)類似于list<>：

#include <iostream> 
#include <string> 
using namespace std; 
 
template<class T> class Node//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)類模板，一個(gè)可以放入任何類型節(jié)點(diǎn)的鏈表 
{ 
public: 
  Node(T val, Node* next):val(val),next(next){} 
  static void showAll();//打印全部節(jié)點(diǎn)的值 
  static void insertHead(T);//頭插 
  static void insertTail(T);//尾插 
  static void delHead();//刪頭 
  static void delTail();//刪尾 
  static void clear();//清空 
protected: 
  T val; 
  Node *next; 
  static Node *head; 
private: 
}; 
 
template<class T> Node<T>* Node<T>::head = 0; 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::showAll(){//打印全部節(jié)點(diǎn)的值 
  Node *p = head; 
  while (p) 
  { 
    cout<<p->val<<" "; 
    p = p->next; 
  } 
  cout<<endl; 
} 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::insertHead(T val){//頭插 
  Node *p = new Node(val, head); 
  head = p; 
} 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::insertTail(T val){//尾插 
  Node *p = new Node(val, 0); 
  if (!head) 
  { 
    head = p; 
    return; 
  } 
  Node *q = head; 
  while (q->next) 
  { 
    q = q->next; 
  } 
  q->next = p; 
} 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::delHead(){//刪頭 
  Node *p = head; 
  if (head) 
  { 
    head = head->next; 
    delete p; 
  } 
} 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::delTail(){//刪尾 
  if (!head) 
  { 
    return; 
  } 
  if (!(head->next)) 
  { 
    delete(head); 
    head = NULL; 
    return; 
  } 
  Node *p = head; 
  while (p->next->next) 
  { 
    p = p->next; 
  } 
  delete(p->next); 
  p->next = NULL; 
} 
 
template<class T> void Node<T>::clear(){//清空 
  Node *p = head; 
  Node *q = 0; 
  head = 0; 
  while (p) 
  { 
    q = p; 
    p = p->next; 
    delete q; 
  } 
} 
 
class Student//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)自定義的學(xué)生類 
{ 
public: 
  Student(string name, int age,char sex):name(name), age(age), sex(sex){} 
  void showInfo(){ 
    cout<<"姓名:"<<name<<" 年齡:"<<age<<" 性別:"<<sex<<endl; 
  } 
protected: 
  string name; 
  int age; 
  char sex; 
private: 
}; 
 
void Node<Student>::showAll(){//學(xué)生類節(jié)點(diǎn)和其他基本數(shù)據(jù)類型不同，不能直接用<<輸出，所以重載showAll() 
  Node *p = head; 
  while (p) 
  { 
    p->val.showInfo(); 
    p = p->next; 
  } 
} 
 
void main(){ 
  for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) 
  { 
    Node<int>::insertTail(i);//這時(shí)Node<int>稱為一個(gè)用類模板生成的模板類 
    Node<float>::insertTail(i / 10.0f); 
    Node<double>::insertTail(i / 10.00); 
    Node<Student>::insertTail(Student("stu", i, 'F')); 
  } 
  Node<int>::showAll(); 
  Node<float>::showAll(); 
  Node<double>::showAll(); 
  Node<Student>::showAll(); 
}

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