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python實(shí)現(xiàn)逆波蘭計(jì)算表達(dá)式實(shí)例詳解

更新時(shí)間：2015年05月06日 09:42:13 作者：feige

這篇文章主要介紹了python實(shí)現(xiàn)逆波蘭計(jì)算表達(dá)式的方法,較為詳細(xì)的分析了逆波蘭表達(dá)式的概念及實(shí)現(xiàn)技巧,具有一定參考借鑒價(jià)值,需要的朋友可以參考下

本文實(shí)例講述了python實(shí)現(xiàn)逆波蘭計(jì)算表達(dá)式的方法。分享給大家供大家參考。具體分析如下：

逆波蘭表達(dá)式又叫做后綴表達(dá)式。在通常的表達(dá)式中，二元運(yùn)算符總是置于與之相關(guān)的兩個(gè)運(yùn)算對(duì)象之間，所以，這種表示法也稱為中綴表示。波蘭邏輯學(xué)家J.Lukasiewicz于1929年提出了另一種表示表達(dá)式的方法。按此方法，每一運(yùn)算符都置于其運(yùn)算對(duì)象之后，故稱為后綴表示。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
symbol_priority = {}
symbol_priority[0] = ['#']
symbol_priority[1] = ['(']
symbol_priority[2] = ['+', '-']
symbol_priority[3] = ['*', '/']
symbol_priority[4] = [')']
def comparePriority(symbol, RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  '''Compare priority between two symbols'''
  global symbol_priority
  if len(symbol_stack) > 0:
    symbol_pop = symbol_stack.pop()
  else:
    return
  for list in symbol_priority.values():
    if (symbol in list) and (symbol_pop in list):
      '''same priority'''
      symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      symbol_stack.append(symbol)
      return
    elif symbol in list:
      '''symbol is smaller'''
      RPN_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      #recusion call
      comparePriority(symbol, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
      return
    elif symbol_pop in list:
      '''symbol is bigger'''
      symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      symbol_stack.append(symbol)
      return
    else:
      continue
    symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
    return
def scanEveryone(input_string, RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  for ch in input_string:
    if ch.isdigit():
      RPN_stack.append(ch)
    else:
      if len(symbol_stack) > 0:
        if ch == '(':
          symbol_stack.append(ch)
        elif ch == ')':
          while True:
            symbol_pop = symbol_stack.pop()
            if symbol_pop == '(':
              break
            else:
              RPN_stack.append(symbol_pop)
        else:
          comparePriority(ch, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
      else:
        symbol_stack.append(ch)
def scanInput(RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  input_string = raw_input()
  input_string += '#'
  scanEveryone(input_string, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
def calRPN(RPN_stack):
  value_stack = []
  RPN_stack.append('#')
  for value in RPN_stack:
    if value == '#':
      return value_stack.pop()
      break
    if value.isdigit():
      value_stack.append(value)
    else:
      right_value = value_stack.pop()
      left_value = value_stack.pop()
      cal_string = left_value + value + right_value
      value_stack.append(str(eval(cal_string)))
def main():
  RPN_stack = []
  symbol_stack = []
  scanInput(RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
  print calRPN(RPN_stack)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

calRPN.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
symbol_priority = {}
symbol_priority[0] = ['#']
symbol_priority[1] = ['(']
symbol_priority[2] = ['+', '-']
symbol_priority[3] = ['*', '/']
symbol_priority[4] = [')']
def comparePriority(symbol, RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  '''Compare priority between two symbols'''
  global symbol_priority
  if len(symbol_stack) > 0:
    symbol_pop = symbol_stack.pop()
  else:
    return
  for list in symbol_priority.values():
    if (symbol in list) and (symbol_pop in list):
      '''same priority'''
      symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      symbol_stack.append(symbol)
      return
    elif symbol in list:
      '''symbol is smaller'''
      RPN_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      #recusion call
      comparePriority(symbol, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
      return
    elif symbol_pop in list:
      '''symbol is bigger'''
      symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
      symbol_stack.append(symbol)
      return
    else:
      continue
    symbol_stack.append(symbol_pop)
    return
def scanEveryone(input_string, RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  for ch in input_string:
    if ch.isdigit():
      RPN_stack.append(ch)
    else:
      if len(symbol_stack) > 0:
        if ch == '(':
          symbol_stack.append(ch)
        elif ch == ')':
          while True:
            symbol_pop = symbol_stack.pop()
            if symbol_pop == '(':
              break
            else:
              RPN_stack.append(symbol_pop)
        else:
          comparePriority(ch, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
      else:
        symbol_stack.append(ch)
def scanInput(RPN_stack, symbol_stack):
  input_string = raw_input()
  input_string += '#'
  scanEveryone(input_string, RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
def calRPN(RPN_stack):
  value_stack = []
  RPN_stack.append('#')
  for value in RPN_stack:
    if value == '#':
      return value_stack.pop()
      break
    if value.isdigit():
      value_stack.append(value)
    else:
      right_value = value_stack.pop()
      left_value = value_stack.pop()
      cal_string = left_value + value + right_value
      value_stack.append(str(eval(cal_string)))
def main():
  RPN_stack = []
  symbol_stack = []

  scanInput(RPN_stack, symbol_stack)
  print calRPN(RPN_stack)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

希望本文所述對(duì)大家的Python程序設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助。

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