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php使用pack處理二進制文件的方法

更新時間：2014年07月03日 11:15:50 投稿：shichen2014

這篇文章主要介紹了php使用pack處理二進制文件的方法,需要的朋友可以參考下

php讀寫二進制文件可以使用pack和unpack函數(shù)。
今天要處理一個二進制文件的問題，所以需要用一下，特意了解一下pack的用法，unpack用法與此類似。

簡單來說，pack函數(shù)就是給一個目標格式，和相應(yīng)的參數(shù)，就可以返回二進制數(shù)據(jù)了。

下面舉例加以說明，對于四個整數(shù)：

pack("L4", 0,1,2,3)
pack("LLLL", 0,1,2,3)
pack("L", 0).pack("L", 1).pack("L", 2).pack("L", 3)

上面的處理結(jié)果是一樣的，也就是說，format是描述后面的數(shù)據(jù)的格式。
至于具體format可以用什么，看看format characters就知道了。
比如一個30字符的 pack("a30", "http://m.fzitv.net") ，就是這個意思，很簡單

pack函數(shù)的官方聲明如下：

引用
pack
(PHP 3, PHP 4, PHP 5)

pack -- Pack data into binary string
Description
string pack ( string format [, mixed args [, mixed ...]] )

Pack given arguments into binary string according to format. Returns binary string containing data. 

The idea to this function was taken from Perl and all formatting codes work the same as there, however, there are some formatting codes that are missing such as Perl's "u" format code. The format string consists of format codes followed by an optional repeater argument. The repeater argument can be either an integer value or * for repeating to the end of the input data. For a, A, h, H the repeat count specifies how many characters of one data argument are taken, for @ it is the absolute position where to put the next data, for everything else the repeat count specifies how many data arguments are consumed and packed into the resulting binary string. Currently implemented are

表格 1. pack() format characters

Code Description 
a NUL-padded string 
A SPACE-padded string 
h Hex string, low nibble first 
H Hex string, high nibble first 
c signed char 
C unsigned char 
s signed short (always 16 bit, machine byte order) 
S unsigned short (always 16 bit, machine byte order) 
n unsigned short (always 16 bit, big endian byte order) 
v unsigned short (always 16 bit, little endian byte order) 
i signed integer (machine dependent size and byte order) 
I unsigned integer (machine dependent size and byte order) 
l signed long (always 32 bit, machine byte order) 
L unsigned long (always 32 bit, machine byte order) 
N unsigned long (always 32 bit, big endian byte order) 
V unsigned long (always 32 bit, little endian byte order) 
f float (machine dependent size and representation) 
d double (machine dependent size and representation) 
x NUL byte 
X Back up one byte 
@ NUL-fill to absolute position

看累了英文，下面來看看對應(yīng)的中文解釋：

引用
pack()函數(shù)的作用是：將數(shù)據(jù)壓縮成一個二進制字符串。

a - NUL-padded string 
a - NUL- 字符串填滿[padded string] 
A - SPACE-padded string 
A - SPACE- 字符串填滿[padded string] 
h - Hex string, low nibble first 
h – 十六進制字符串，低“四位元”[low nibble first] 
H - Hex string, high nibble first 
H - 十六進制字符串，高“四位元”[high nibble first] 
c - signed char 
c – 帶有符號的字符 
C - unsigned char 
C – 不帶有符號的字符 
s - signed short (always 16 bit, machine byte order) 
s – 帶有符號的短模式[short]（通常是16位，按機器字節(jié)順序） 
S - unsigned short (always 16 bit, machine byte order) 
S – 不帶有符號的短模式[short]（通常是16位，按機器字節(jié)排序） 
n - unsigned short (always 16 bit, big endian byte order) 
n -不帶有符號的短模式[short]（通常是16位，按大endian字節(jié)排序） 
v - unsigned short (always 16 bit, little endian byte order) 
v -不帶有符號的短模式[short]（通常是16位，按小endian字節(jié)排序） 
i - signed integer (machine dependent size and byte order) 
i – 帶有符號的整數(shù)（由大小和字節(jié)順序決定） 
I - unsigned integer (machine dependent size and byte order) 
I – 不帶有符號的整數(shù)（由大小和字節(jié)順序決定） 
l - signed long (always 32 bit, machine byte order) 
l– 帶有符號的長模式[long]（通常是32位，按機器字節(jié)順序） 
L - unsigned long (always 32 bit, machine byte order) 
L – 不帶有符號的長模式[long]（通常是32位，按機器字節(jié)順序） 
N - unsigned long (always 32 bit, big endian byte order) 
N – 不帶有符號的長模式[long]（通常是32位，按大edian字節(jié)順序） 
V - unsigned long (always 32 bit, little endian byte order) 
V– 不帶有符號的長模式[long]（通常是32位，按小edian字節(jié)順序） 
f - float (machine dependent size and representation) 
f –浮點（由大小和字節(jié)順序決定） 
d - double (machine dependent size and representation) 
d – 雙精度（由大小和字節(jié)順序決定） 
x - NUL byte 
x – 空字節(jié)[NUL byte] 
X - Back up one byte 
X- 后面一個字節(jié)[Back up one byte] 
@ - NUL-fill to absolute position 
@ - NUL- 添加到一個絕對位置[absolute position]

示例代碼如下：

<?php 
$code=array(
"username"=>array("A7","張三adfb12"),
"pass"=>array("A10","asdf*#1"),
"age"=>array("C","23"),
"birthday"=>array("I","19900101"),
"email"=>array("A50","m.fzitv.net"));
$stream=join("\0",parkByArr($code));
echo $stream,strlen($stream);
file_put_contents("1.txt",$stream);//將流保存起來便于下面讀取
function parkByArr($arr)
{
 $atArr=array();
 foreach ($arr as $k=>$v)
 {
 $atArr[]=pack($v[0],$v[1]);
 }
 return $atArr;
}
function getAscill($str)
{
 $arr=str_split($str);
 foreach ($arr as $v)
 {
 echo $v,"=",ord($v),"\n";
 }
}
$code=array(
"username"=>array("A20"),
"pass"=>array("A10"),
"age"=>array("C"),
"birthday"=>array("I"),
"email"=>array("A50"));
$stream=file_get_contents("1.txt");
var_dump(parkByArr($stream,$code));
function parkByArr($str,$code)
{
 $Arr=explode("\0",$str);
 $atArr=array();
 $i=0;
 foreach ($code as $k=>$v)
 {
 $atArr[$k]=unpack($v[0],$Arr[$i]);
 $i++;
 }
 return $atArr;
}

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