Ubuntu中搭建Nodejs開發(fā)環(huán)境過程分享

更新時間：2014年06月01日 16:44:33 作者：

這篇文章主要介紹了Ubuntu中搭建Nodejs開發(fā)環(huán)境過程,比較郁悶的是apt-get安裝失敗了,如果有遇到一樣問題的朋友,可以參考一下本文

系統(tǒng)環(huán)境：

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64bit

一、通過apt-get安裝nodejs – 失敗（可以下面的看源碼安裝方法）：

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo apt-get install nodejs
~ sudo apt-get install npm

~ node -v
v0.6.12

~ npm -v
1.1.4

創(chuàng)建工作目錄

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ mkdir workspace
~ mkdir workspace/nodejs
~ cd workspace/nodejs
~ pwd
/home/conan/workspace/nodejs

安裝失敗

復制代碼代碼如下:

sudo npm install express -g
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/express
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/express
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.7.11
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/commander/0.6.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.4
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.1.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.0
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/commander/0.6.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.7.11
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.4
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.1.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.0
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
npm ERR! error installing express@3.2.6
npm ERR! error rolling back express@3.2.6 Error: UNKNOWN, unknown error '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/express'

npm ERR! Unsupported
npm ERR! Not compatible with your version of node/npm: connect@2.7.11
npm ERR! Required: {"node":">= 0.8.0"}
npm ERR! Actual: {"npm":"1.1.4","node":"0.6.12"}
npm ERR!
npm ERR! System Linux 3.5.0-23-generic
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/bin/npm" "install" "express" "-g"
npm ERR! cwd /home/conan/workspace/nodejs
npm ERR! node -v v0.6.12
npm ERR! npm -v 1.1.4
npm ERR! code ENOTSUP
npm ERR! message Unsupported
npm ERR! errno {}
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mime/1.2.6
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR! /home/conan/workspace/nodejs/npm-debug.log
npm not ok

系統(tǒng)提示, node和npm版本不兼容?？赡苁墙K于apt-get源沒有更新造成的問題。

二、從github下載源代碼安裝 – 成功

下面要找到兼容的版本，手動安裝。
先卸載剛剛裝的node和npm

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo apt-get autoremove npm
~ sudo apt-get autoremove nodejs
找到nodejs的官方發(fā)布下載：https://github.com/joyent/node

在ubuntu中，先安裝git

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo apt-get install git

然后，從github下載nodejs源代碼

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ git clone git://github.com/joyent/node.git
Cloning into 'node'...
remote: Counting objects: 100200, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (28074/28074), done.
remote: Total 100200 (delta 78807), reused 90936 (delta 70473)
Receiving objects: 100% (100200/100200), 61.81 MiB | 698 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (78807/78807), done.

進入node目錄

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ cd node
~ pwd
/home/conan/workspace/nodejs/node

切換最新的release的版本v0.11.2-release

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ git checkout v0.11.2-release
Branch v0.11.2-release set up to track remote branch v0.11.2-release from origin.
Switched to a new branch 'v0.11.2-release'

進行安裝

復制代碼代碼如下:

./configure
make
sudo make install

安裝完成，查看node版本

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ node -v
-bash: /usr/bin/node: No such file or directory

提示錯誤，沒有找到node，查一下node安裝位置

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ whereis node
node: /usr/local/bin/node

增加軟鏈接：node和npm到/usr/bin

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/node /usr/bin/node
~ sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm

我們再查看node和npm版本

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ node -v
v0.11.2
~ npm -v
1.2.21

下面安裝express

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo npm install express -g
express@3.2.6 /usr/local/lib/node_modules/express
├── methods@0.0.1
├── fresh@0.1.0
├── range-parser@0.0.4
├── cookie-signature@1.0.1
├── buffer-crc32@0.2.1
├── cookie@0.1.0
├── debug@0.7.2
├── commander@0.6.1
├── mkdirp@0.3.4
├── send@0.1.0 (mime@1.2.6)
└── connect@2.7.11 (pause@0.0.1, qs@0.6.5, bytes@0.2.0, cookie@0.0.5, formidable@1.0.14, send@0.1.1)

安裝成功。

三、建立express工程，啟動第一個項目

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ express -e nodejs-demo
create : nodejs-demo
create : nodejs-demo/package.json
create : nodejs-demo/app.js
create : nodejs-demo/public
create : nodejs-demo/public/javascripts
create : nodejs-demo/public/images
create : nodejs-demo/public/stylesheets
create : nodejs-demo/public/stylesheets/style.css
create : nodejs-demo/routes
create : nodejs-demo/routes/index.js
create : nodejs-demo/routes/user.js
create : nodejs-demo/views
create : nodejs-demo/views/index.ejs
install dependencies:
$ cd nodejs-demo && npm install
run the app:
$ node app

安裝依賴包

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ cd nodejs-demo
~ sudo npm install
express@3.2.6 node_modules/express
├── methods@0.0.1
├── fresh@0.1.0
├── range-parser@0.0.4
├── cookie-signature@1.0.1
├── buffer-crc32@0.2.1
├── cookie@0.1.0
├── debug@0.7.2
├── commander@0.6.1
├── mkdirp@0.3.4
├── send@0.1.0 (mime@1.2.6)
└── connect@2.7.11 (pause@0.0.1, qs@0.6.5, bytes@0.2.0, cookie@0.0.5, formidable@1.0.14, send@0.1.1)

啟動程序

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ node app.js
Express server listening on port 3000

測試是否啟動成功curl

復制代碼代碼如下:

~ sudo apt-get install curl
~ curl localhost:3000

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Express</title>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Express</h1>
<p>Welcome to Express</p>
</body>
</html>

nodejs的服務(wù)器日志：

復制代碼代碼如下:

GET / 200 6ms - 206b

好了，我們已經(jīng)成功的在ubuntu中，準備好了nodejs的開發(fā)環(huán)境。下面就可以享受開發(fā)的樂趣了。

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