linux?type命令用法實戰(zhàn)教程

更新時間：2023年05月11日 11:04:15 作者：yuxi_o

type命令用來顯示指定命令的類型，它是Linux系統(tǒng)的一種自省機制，知道了是那種類型，我們就可以針對性的獲取幫助，這篇文章主要介紹了linux?type命令用法實戰(zhàn)教程,需要的朋友可以參考下

用途說明

type命令用來顯示指定命令的類型。一個命令的類型可以是如下之一

alias 別名
keyword 關(guān)鍵字，Shell保留字
function 函數(shù)，Shell函數(shù)
builtin 內(nèi)建命令，Shell內(nèi)建命令
file 文件，磁盤文件，外部命令
unfound 沒有找到

它是Linux系統(tǒng)的一種自省機制，知道了是那種類型，我們就可以針對性的獲取幫助。比如內(nèi)建命令可以用help命令來獲取幫助，外部命令用man或者info來獲取幫助。

常用參數(shù)

type命令的基本使用方式就是直接跟上命令名字。

type -a可以顯示所有可能的類型，比如有些命令如pwd是shell內(nèi)建命令，也可以是外部命令。

type -p只返回外部命令的信息，相當于which命令。

type -f只返回shell函數(shù)的信息。

type -t 只返回指定類型的信息。

使用示例

示例一 type自己是什么類型的命令

[root@new55 ~]#?type -a type?
type is a shell builtin
[root@new55 ~]#?help type?
type: type [-afptP] name [name ...]
??? For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
??? command name.
??? If the -t option is used, `type' outputs a single word which is one of
??? `alias', `keyword', `function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an
??? alias, shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file,
??? or unfound, respectively.
??? If the -p flag is used, `type' either returns the name of the disk
??? file that would be executed, or nothing if `type -t NAME' would not
??? return `file'.
??? If the -a flag is used, `type' displays all of the places that contain
??? an executable named `file'.? This includes aliases, builtins, and
??? functions, if and only if the -p flag is not also used.
??? The -f flag suppresses shell function lookup.
??? The -P flag forces a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an alias,
??? builtin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file that would
??? be executed.
typeset: typeset [-afFirtx] [-p] name[=value] ...
??? Obsolete.? See `declare'.
[root@new55 ~]#

示例二常見命令的類型

[root@new55 ~]#?type -a cd?
cd is a shell builtin
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a pwd?
pwd is a shell builtin
pwd is /bin/pwd
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a time?
time is a shell keyword
time is /usr/bin/time
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a date?
date is /bin/date
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a which?
which is aliased to `alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
which is /usr/bin/which
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a whereis?
whereis is /usr/bin/whereis
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a whatis?
whatis is /usr/bin/whatis
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a function?
function is a shell keyword
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a ls?
ls is aliased to `ls --color=tty'
ls is /bin/ls
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a ll?
ll is aliased to `ls -l --color=tty'
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a echo?
echo is a shell builtin
echo is /bin/echo
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a bulitin?
-bash: type: bulitin: not found
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a builtin?
builtin is a shell builtin
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a keyword?
-bash: type: keyword: not found
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a command?
command is a shell builtin
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a alias?
alias is a shell builtin
[root@new55 ~]#?type -a grep?
grep is /bin/grep

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