Qt連接數(shù)據(jù)庫并實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫增刪改查的圖文教程
根據(jù)自己學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容,有關(guān)QTableView顯示數(shù)據(jù)庫,并實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫的增刪改查,在這里做下總結(jié)。
1.連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
先來看下連接數(shù)據(jù)庫的效果圖。

“連接數(shù)據(jù)庫”按鈕的槽函數(shù)如下:
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked()
{
//連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
db.setHostName("127.0.0.1");
db.setPort(3306);
db.setDatabaseName("test");//數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱
db.setUserName("root");//用戶名
db.setPassword("root");//密碼
qDebug()<<"available drivers:";
QStringList drivers = QSqlDatabase::drivers();
for(auto driver: drivers)
qDebug() << driver;
bool ok = db.open();
if(ok)
{
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示","數(shù)據(jù)庫連接成功");
qDebug()<<"數(shù)據(jù)庫連接成功";
}
else
{
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示","數(shù)據(jù)庫連接失敗");
this->close();
qDebug()<<"數(shù)據(jù)庫連接失敗";
}
//若數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有表,則新建
QSqlQuery query;
QString createTableUser="create table if not exists user(name varchar(8),age int(255), "
"sex varchar(8), number int(255));";
query.exec(createTableUser);
}
若在數(shù)據(jù)庫名等信息沒有填錯的情況下,數(shù)據(jù)庫連接失敗,并打印以下信息,情參考該鏈接解決:http://m.fzitv.net/article/281192.htm

當(dāng)運(yùn)行點(diǎn)擊"連接數(shù)據(jù)庫"按鈕后,會根據(jù)信息連接對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫,若連接的該數(shù)據(jù)庫沒有user表時,會自動創(chuàng)建一個user表,創(chuàng)建的表信息如下圖所示,該圖為Navicat Premium 15軟件內(nèi)的截圖。

2.查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫并顯示在QTableView上
先看下效果圖:

首先定義一個QSqlQueryModel數(shù)據(jù)模型,并于對應(yīng)的QTableView綁定,如下:
QSqlQueryModel *userMode;//數(shù)據(jù)模型 userMode = new QSqlQueryModel(ui->tableView);//綁定
設(shè)置點(diǎn)擊查詢的槽函數(shù):
//查詢
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_query_clicked()
{
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
void MainWindow::ReshowTable()
{
userMode->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,tr("姓名"));
userMode->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,tr("年齡"));
userMode->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,tr("性別"));
userMode->setHeaderData(3,Qt::Horizontal,tr("手機(jī)號"));
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
}
3.添加
先看添加的效果圖:

在信息輸入內(nèi)對應(yīng)填寫各信息,填寫完成后點(diǎn)擊“添加”按鈕,可添加完成輸入的對應(yīng)信息,與數(shù)據(jù)庫內(nèi)容同步,添加按鈕的槽函數(shù):
//添加
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_add_clicked()
{
QString name = ui->lineEdit_name->text();
QString age = ui->lineEdit_age->text();
QString sex = ui->lineEdit_sex->text();
QString number = ui->lineEdit_number->text();
QSqlQuery query;
QString str1 = "'" + name +"','" + age + "','" +sex+"','"+number+"'";
QString str = "insert into user(name, age, sex, number) values(" + str1 + ");";
query.exec(str);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
4.修改
修改的效果圖:

設(shè)置點(diǎn)擊表格中的某一列,然后將點(diǎn)擊那一列的信息顯示在編輯信息的文本框內(nèi),修改完成后點(diǎn)擊修改即可完成修改,對應(yīng)函數(shù)如下函數(shù):
void MainWindow::on_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index)
{
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 0)).toString();
QString age = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 1)).toString();
QString sex = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 2)).toString();
QString number = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 3)).toString();
ui->lineEdit_name->setText(name);
ui->lineEdit_age->setText(age);
ui->lineEdit_sex->setText(sex);
ui->lineEdit_number->setText(number);
}
//修改
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_change_clicked()
{
QSqlQuery query;
QString str = "update user set name='" + ui->lineEdit_name->text() + "',age='" + ui->lineEdit_age->text() + "',sex='" + ui->lineEdit_sex->text() + "' where number='" + ui->lineEdit_number->text() + "';";
query.exec(str);
QMessageBox::information(this, "修改成功", "表信息修改成功");
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
5.刪除
刪除的效果圖:

刪除的槽函數(shù)如下:
//刪除
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_delete_clicked()
{
QSqlQuery query;
int currentrow = ui->tableView->currentIndex().row();
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
if(currentrow != -1)//若選中一行
{
int ok = QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("刪除當(dāng)前行!"),tr("你確定刪除當(dāng)前行嗎?"), QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);
//如確認(rèn)刪除
if(ok == QMessageBox::Yes)
{
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(currentrow,0)).toString();//獲取姓名
QString del = "delete from user where name='" + name + "';";
query.exec(del);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user");
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
QMessageBox::information(this, "刪除成功", "所選信息刪除成功");
}
}
else
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示", "請選擇你要刪除的信息行");
}
6.總代碼
mainwidow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QSqlQueryModel>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
~MainWindow();
private slots:
void ReshowTable();
void on_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked();
void on_pushButton_add_clicked();
void on_pushButton_delete_clicked();
void on_pushButton_change_clicked();
void on_pushButton_query_clicked();
void on_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index);
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QSqlDatabase db= QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QMYSQL");
QSqlQueryModel *userMode;//數(shù)據(jù)模型
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
: QMainWindow(parent)
, ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
userMode = new QSqlQueryModel(ui->tableView);//綁定
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
void MainWindow::ReshowTable()
{
userMode->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,tr("姓名"));
userMode->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,tr("年齡"));
userMode->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,tr("性別"));
userMode->setHeaderData(3,Qt::Horizontal,tr("手機(jī)號"));
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
}
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked()
{
//連接數(shù)據(jù)庫
db.setHostName("127.0.0.1");
db.setPort(3306);
db.setDatabaseName("test");//數(shù)據(jù)庫名稱
db.setUserName("root");//用戶名
db.setPassword("root");//密碼
qDebug()<<"available drivers:";
QStringList drivers = QSqlDatabase::drivers();
for(auto driver: drivers)
qDebug() << driver;
bool ok = db.open();
if(ok)
{
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示","數(shù)據(jù)庫連接成功");
qDebug()<<"數(shù)據(jù)庫連接成功";
}
else
{
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示","數(shù)據(jù)庫連接失敗");
this->close();
qDebug()<<"數(shù)據(jù)庫連接失敗";
}
//若數(shù)據(jù)庫中沒有表,則新建
QSqlQuery query;
QString createTableUser="create table if not exists user(name varchar(8),age int(255), "
"sex varchar(8), number int(255));";
query.exec(createTableUser);
}
//添加
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_add_clicked()
{
QString name = ui->lineEdit_name->text();
QString age = ui->lineEdit_age->text();
QString sex = ui->lineEdit_sex->text();
QString number = ui->lineEdit_number->text();
QSqlQuery query;
QString str1 = "'" + name +"','" + age + "','" +sex+"','"+number+"'";
QString str = "insert into user(name, age, sex, number) values(" + str1 + ");";
query.exec(str);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
//刪除
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_delete_clicked()
{
QSqlQuery query;
int currentrow = ui->tableView->currentIndex().row();
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
if(currentrow != -1)//若選中一行
{
int ok = QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("刪除當(dāng)前行!"),tr("你確定刪除當(dāng)前行嗎?"), QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);
//如確認(rèn)刪除
if(ok == QMessageBox::Yes)
{
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(currentrow,0)).toString();//獲取姓名
QString del = "delete from user where name='" + name + "';";
query.exec(del);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user");
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
QMessageBox::information(this, "刪除成功", "所選信息刪除成功");
}
}
else
QMessageBox::information(this, "提示", "請選擇你要刪除的信息行");
}
//修改
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_change_clicked()
{
QSqlQuery query;
QString str = "update user set name='" + ui->lineEdit_name->text() + "',age='" + ui->lineEdit_age->text() + "',sex='" + ui->lineEdit_sex->text() + "' where number='" + ui->lineEdit_number->text() + "';";
query.exec(str);
QMessageBox::information(this, "修改成功", "表信息修改成功");
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
//查詢
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_query_clicked()
{
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");
ReshowTable();
}
void MainWindow::on_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index)
{
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 0)).toString();
QString age = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 1)).toString();
QString sex = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 2)).toString();
QString number = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(), 3)).toString();
ui->lineEdit_name->setText(name);
ui->lineEdit_age->setText(age);
ui->lineEdit_sex->setText(sex);
ui->lineEdit_number->setText(number);
}
總結(jié)
到此這篇關(guān)于Qt連接數(shù)據(jù)庫并實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫增刪改查的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)Qt連接數(shù)據(jù)庫并增刪改查內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!
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