springboot整合消息隊(duì)列RabbitMQ

更新時(shí)間：2022年08月30日 16:18:40 作者：苦糖????????

這篇文章主要介紹了springboot整合消息隊(duì)列RabbitMQ,文章圍繞主題展開詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容介紹，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，需要的小伙伴可以參考一下

前言：

RabbitMQ常用的三種Exchange Type：fanout、direct、topic。

fanout:把所有發(fā)送到該Exchange的消息投遞到所有與它綁定的隊(duì)列中。
direct:把消息投遞到那些binding key與routing key完全匹配的隊(duì)列中。
topic:將消息路由到binding key與routing key模式匹配的隊(duì)列中。

這里基于springboot整合? ?消息隊(duì)列??，測試這三種Exchange。

啟動(dòng)RabbitMQ

雙擊運(yùn)行rabbitmq-server.bat：

SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ——Direct模式（默認(rèn)模式）

創(chuàng)建springboot web項(xiàng)目——發(fā)送者springboot-sender

追加測試和rabbitmq所需的依賴：

<!-- 添加springboot對amqp的支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--添加測試包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

修改配置文件application.yml 或 application.properties：

server:
port: 7001
spring:
application:
name: spirngboot-sender
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest

發(fā)送的信息可以是基本數(shù)據(jù)類型也可以是對象，這里創(chuàng)建一個(gè)用戶對象

public class User implements Serializable{
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)配置類：SenderConfiguration.java

一個(gè)名為queue1的隊(duì)列

@Configuration
public class SenderConfiguration {
@Bean
public Queue directQueue() {
return new Queue("queue1");
}
}

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)發(fā)送信息類：SenderService.java

發(fā)送user對象給queue1隊(duì)列

@Component
public class SenderService {
@Autowired
private AmqpTemplate template;

public void sendUser() {
User user=new User();
user.setUsername("張三");
user.setPassword("123456");
template.convertAndSend("queue1",user);
}
}

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)測試類：TestRabbitMQ.java

@SpringBootTest(classes=SpringbootSenderApplication.class)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestRabbitMQ {
@Autowired
private SenderService senderService;

@Test
public void testRabbit() {
senderService.sendUser();
}
}

運(yùn)行testRabbit方法：

創(chuàng)建springboot web項(xiàng)目——接收者springboot-receiver

修改配置文件application.yml 或 application.properties：

server:
port: 7002
spring:
application:
name: spirngboot-receiver
rabbitmq:
host: 127.0.0.1
port: 5672
username: guest
password: guest

添加接收類：ReceiverService.java

@Component
public class ReceiverService {
@RabbitListener(queues="queue1")
public void receiveUser(User user) {
System.out.println("username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}
}

運(yùn)行啟動(dòng)類：SpringbootApplication.java，結(jié)果：

信息成功被接收。

SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ——Topic模式（模糊匹配）

步驟與Direct差不多。

發(fā)送者：

修改配置類SenderConfiguration.java：

創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)隊(duì)列 topic1,topic2，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)topic交換器，綁定交換機(jī)和隊(duì)列以及綁定規(guī)則

@Test
public void testRabbit() {
senderService.sendUser();
}@Bean(name="topic1")
public Queue topicQueue1() {
return new Queue("topic1");
}
@Bean(name="topic2")
public Queue topicQueue2() {
return new Queue("topic2");
}

@Bean
public TopicExchange exchange() {
//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)topic交換器
return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
}
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopic1(@Qualifier("topic1") Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange) {
//設(shè)置topic1綁定規(guī)則
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.queue");
}
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeTopic2(@Qualifier("topic2") Queue queueMessages, TopicExchange exchange) {
//設(shè)置topic2綁定規(guī)則 *表示一個(gè)詞,#表示零個(gè)或多個(gè)詞
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
}

修改發(fā)送類SenderService.java：

User user=new User();
user.setUsername("張三");
user.setPassword("123456");
//發(fā)送給topicExchange的交換機(jī)
template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.queue",user);
template.convertAndSend("topicExchange","topic.anyting",user);

運(yùn)行testRabbit方法：

成功廣播出去兩條信息

接收者：

修改接收類ReceiverService.java：

@RabbitListener(queues="fanout1")
public void receiveFanout1(User user) {
System.out.println("隊(duì)列：fanout1 username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}
@RabbitListener(queues="fanout2")
public void receiveFanout2(User user) {
System.out.println("隊(duì)列：fanout2 username:"+user.getUsername()+" password:"+user.getPassword());
}

運(yùn)行啟動(dòng)類，結(jié)果：