C++實現(xiàn)通訊錄功能

更新時間：2022年06月20日 16:00:31 作者：xl拾一

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了C++實現(xiàn)通訊錄功能，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

本文實例為大家分享了C++實現(xiàn)通訊錄的具體代碼，供大家參考，具體內容如下

簡介：通訊錄由一個擁有者以及通訊信息組成。

基本功能：增刪改查

擁有者和通訊信息的基礎結構相同，由struct構成

struct Person {
?? ?int m_id;
?? ?string m_name;
?? ?string m_tele;//手機號碼可以作為id，但是過于長（11位）
?? ?//string m_addr;
?
?? ?Person& operator = (const Person& r) {
?? ??? ?if (this == &r) return *this;
?? ??? ?m_id = r.m_id;
?? ??? ?m_name = r.m_name;
?? ??? ?m_tele = r.m_tele;
?? ??? ?return *this;
?? ?}
};

Person：id+姓名+手機號。還可以添加需要的信息，例如：地址、性別
重載了一個=操作符
通訊錄建立class AddressList

class AddressList {
private:
?? ?Person owner;//通訊錄擁有者
?? ?vector<Person> information;//通訊錄：好友的信息組成
public:
?? ?AddressList();
?? ?AddressList(const Person&, const vector<Person>& info = {});
?? ?AddressList(const AddressList&);
?
?? ?void Add(const Person&);//添加一個好友信息至通訊錄
?? ?void Delete();//通過姓名刪除
?? ??? ? ? ? ?//通過電話號碼刪除
?? ?void Modify();//輸入id 修改姓名and號碼
?? ?void Search(int);//1:id搜索
?? ??? ??? ? //2：姓名搜索
?? ??? ??? ? //3：號碼指定搜索
?? ?void Print()const;
?? ?//查看通訊錄所有信息：僅顯示id和姓名，詳細信息輸入id查看?? ?
};

cpp：

#include "AddressList.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
?
AddressList::AddressList() {}
?
AddressList::AddressList(const Person& r, const vector<Person>& info) {
?? ?owner = r;
?? ?for (const auto& i : info) {
?? ??? ?information.push_back(i);
?? ?}
}
?
AddressList::AddressList(const AddressList& r) {
?? ?owner = r.owner;
?? ?for (const auto& i : r.information) {
?? ??? ?information.push_back(i);
?? ?}
}
?
void AddressList::Add(const Person& p) {
?? ?//添加一個好友信息至通訊錄
?? ?//首先確認不存在：id+tele
?? ?for (const auto& it : information) {
?? ??? ?if (p.m_id == it.m_id) {
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Id已存在，添加失敗!\n";
?? ??? ??? ?return;
?? ??? ?}
?? ??? ?else if (p.m_tele == it.m_tele) {
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Telephone已存在，添加失敗!\n";
?? ??? ??? ?return;
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?information.push_back(p);
}
?
void AddressList::Delete() {
?? ?//通過姓名刪除
?? ?//略：通過電話號碼刪除
?? ?string name;
?? ?cout << "姓名："; cin >> name;
?? ?cout << "查找到信息如下:";
?? ?auto it = information.begin();
?? ?vector<int> info;//存儲下標
?? ?for (int i(0); it != information.end(); ++it,++i) {
?? ??? ?if (it->m_name == name) info.push_back(i);
?? ?}
?? ?if (info.size() == 0) {
?? ??? ?cout << "No such name.\n";
?? ??? ?return;
?? ?}
?? ?for (const auto& i : info) {
?? ??? ?cout << i << ":\t" << information[i].m_id << '\t' << information[i].m_name
?? ??? ??? ?<< '\t' << information[i].m_tele << endl;
?? ?}
?
?? ?int ind;
?? ?cout << "輸入下標(第一列)刪除信息：";
?? ?cin>>ind;
?? ?for (const auto& i : info) {
?? ??? ?if (i == ind) {
?? ??? ??? ?information.erase(information.begin() + i);
?? ??? ??? ?return;
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?cout << "輸入信息錯誤，刪除失敗!\n";
}
?
void AddressList::Modify() {
?? ?//輸入id：修改姓名and號碼
?? ?long id;
?? ?cout << "Id："; cin >> id;
?? ?cout << "查找到信息如下:\n";
?? ?auto it = information.begin();
?? ?for (; it != information.end(); ++it) {
?? ??? ?if (it->m_id == id) {
?? ??? ??? ?cout << it->m_id << '\t' << it->m_name << '\t' << it->m_tele << endl;
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?if (it == information.end()) {
?? ??? ?cout << "No such Id.\n";
?? ??? ?return;
?? ?}
?? ?cout << "修改信息：\n";
?? ??? ??? ?string name;
?? ??? ??? ?string tele;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "新的姓名："; cin >> name;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "新的號碼："; cin >> tele;
?? ??? ??? ?char c;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "確認?<y/n> ";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> c;
?? ??? ??? ?if (c == 'y' || c == 'Y') {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?it->m_name = name;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?it->m_tele = tele;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?return;
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "取消修改!\n";
?? ??? ??? ?return;
}
void AddressList::Search(int cho) {
?? ?//1:id搜索
?? ?//2：姓名搜索
?? ?//3：號碼指定搜索
?? ?int id;
?? ?string name;
?? ?string tele;
?? ?auto it = information.begin();
?? ?switch (cho) {
?? ??? ?case 1:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Id:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> id;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "搜索到的信息如下：\n";
?? ??? ??? ?for (it = information.begin(); it != information.end(); ++it) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?if (it->m_id == id) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?cout << it->m_id << '\t' << it->m_name << '\t' << it->m_tele << endl;
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 2:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Name:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> name;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "搜索到的信息如下：\n";
?? ??? ??? ?for (it = information.begin(); it != information.end(); ++it) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?if (it->m_name == name)
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?cout << it->m_id << '\t' << it->m_name << '\t' << it->m_tele << endl;
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 3:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Tele:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> tele;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "搜索到的信息如下：\n";
?? ??? ??? ?for (it = information.begin(); it != information.end(); ++it) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?if (it->m_tele == tele) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?cout << it->m_id << '\t' << it->m_name << '\t' << it->m_tele << endl;
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?default:break;
?? ?}
}
void AddressList::Print()const {
?? ?cout << "ID:" << owner.m_id << endl;
?? ?cout << "Owner:" << owner.m_name << endl
?? ??? ?<< "Tele:" << owner.m_tele << endl;
?? ?int n(information.size());
?? ?cout << "通訊錄人數(shù):" << n << endl;
?? ?for (int i(0); i < n; ++i) {
?? ??? ?cout << information[i].m_id << '\t' << information[i].m_name << endl;
?? ?}
?? ?while (1) {
?? ??? ?cout << endl
?? ??? ??? ?<< "詳細信息，請輸入id：-1終止查看\n";
?? ??? ?int id;
?? ??? ?cin >> id;
?? ??? ?if (id == -1) break;
?? ??? ?bool b(false);
?? ??? ?for (const auto& it : information) {
?? ??? ??? ?if (id == it.m_id) {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?b = true;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?cout << it.m_id << '\t' << it.m_name << '\t' << it.m_tele << endl;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ?}
?? ??? ?if (!b) {
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "No such Id.!" << endl;
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
}

main.cpp：測試

#include"AddressList.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
?
int main() {
?? ?Person p;
?? ?{
?? ??? ?p.m_id = 0;
?? ??? ?p.m_name = "一號";
?? ??? ?p.m_tele = "11012011900";//任意
?? ?}
?? ?int I = 1;//m_id編號
?? ?AddressList addr(p);
?? ?{
?? ??? ?cout << "0.退出\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< "1.添加\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< "2.刪除\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< "3.修改\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< "4.搜索\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< "5.查看\n"
?? ??? ??? ?<< endl
?? ??? ??? ?<< endl;
?? ?}
?? ?int cho2;
?? ?bool b(true);
?? ?while (b) {
?? ??? ?int cho;
?? ??? ?int id;
?? ??? ?string name;
?? ??? ?string tele;
?
?? ??? ?cout << "Your choose:";
?? ??? ?cin >> cho;
?? ??? ?switch (cho) {
?? ??? ?case 0:
?? ??? ??? ?b = false;
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 1:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "添加信息:\n"
?? ??? ??? ??? ?<< "姓名:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> name;
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "號碼:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> tele;
?? ??? ??? ?id = I++;
?? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?p.m_id = id;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?p.m_name = name;
?? ??? ??? ??? ?p.m_tele = tele;
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?addr.Add(p);
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 2:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "刪除信息:\n";
?? ??? ??? ?addr.Delete();
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 3:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "修改信息:\n";
?? ??? ??? ?addr.Modify();
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 4:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "搜索信息\n"
?? ??? ??? ??? ?<< "1.Id\n"
?? ??? ??? ??? ?<< "2.Name\n"
?? ??? ??? ??? ?<< "3.Telephone\n";
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "Chosse:";
?? ??? ??? ?cin >> cho2;
?? ??? ??? ?addr.Search(cho2);
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?case 5:
?? ??? ??? ?cout << "查看信息\n";
?? ??? ??? ?addr.Print();
?? ??? ??? ?break;
?? ??? ?default:break;
?? ??? ?}
?? ??? ?cout << endl;
?? ?}
?? ?return 0;
}

截圖：